Www.eni.it Eni Ecuador “Smart Foam Pig” first application 2014-07-02 – Rev.0 Alberto Di Lullo,...

www.eni.it

Eni Ecuador“Smart Foam Pig”first application

2014-07-02 – Rev.0

Alberto Di Lullo, Keith C. Hestereni e&p Flow Assurance Eng. Techn.

Agenda

• Approach

• Sensors

• Preliminary results for pigged pipelines:

• Villano A – CPF

• Villano B – Villano A

• CPF – Sarayacu

• Sarayacu – Baeza

2

Approach

Application of e-splora™ tools:

Autonomous sensors traveling with plastic pigs to gain insight on flowlines.

Pressure (absolute, dP across pig), temperature, acceleration.

Easily applicable in a number of pigging situations.

Minimal pig modifications required.

Able to detect potential problems

Including flow restrictions from solids accumulations, dents, etc.

Unable to determine the cause of a restriction (dents, deposits, …)

3

Sensor Types

HT/HP Sensors Pressure (up to 300 bara)

Temperature (up to 80oC)

4

HP Sensors Pressure (up to 200 bara)


Acceleration Sensors Pressure (up to 100 bara)


3-axial accelerometer

Syntactic foam protective case

Villano A – CPF (launched on 24 Jun 2014)

5

Acceleration sensors: 2 front + 2 rear

Front and Sensors:1 protected, 1 “naked”

Pre-launch

Rear Sensorsin place andfunctional

Front sensorstorn from thepig

As received


6

VA-CPF Instrumented pigs

0.000

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

0.000 5000.000 10000.000 15000.000 20000.000 25000.000 30000.000 35000.000 40000.000 45000.000

Position [m]

Pre

ssu

re [

bar

]

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Ele

vati

on

[m

]

Rear Pressure Elevation VAB VAC

Region with insufficient data

The rear pig pressure (the only available sensor data)matches well with the hydrostatic pressure (elevation profile given).

Corrections were applied for variable pig speed & unstable rate.

Unstable flow


7

Pig velocity profile along flowlineComparison of values inferred from flowrate with

values derived from sensor analysis

VA-CPF Instrumented Pigs

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

23:00:00 00:00:00 01:00:00 02:00:00 03:00:00 04:00:00 05:00:00 06:00:00 07:00:00 08:00:00

Time

Pig

sp

eed

[m

/s]

WS10_FIQ_411_BPD Tuned Speed


8

By subtracting hydrostatic pressure from the rear pig pressure,the frictional pressure component was extracted

showing good linear behavior.

Possible feature?

VA-CPF Instrumented pigs

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 22000 24000 26000 28000 30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000 44000

Position [m]

Pre

ssu

re [

bar

]

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Ele

vati

on

[m

]

Frictional P Elevation Serie3 Serie4

Region with insufficient dataUnstable flow

9

Preliminary conclusions:

1) The measurement was significantly affected by flow instabilities.Some were tentatively corrected, but some uncertainties remain,both in feature detection and position

2) Front sensors were missing, so that the pressure differentialacross the pig is not known

3) One possible feature to be checked at about 41700 m from VA,potentially where the front sensors might have been torn from the pig

Features have a number of potential causes, including dents, solids (sand) accumulations, and diameter changes


Villano B – Villano A (launched on 24 Jun 2014)

10

HT/HP sensors, 1 rear + 1 front, due to high temperatures

FrontSensor

RearSensor

Pre-launch

PluggedHoles

As received

IntactSensors

Rear plug expelled

Pig OD = 32.5 cm


11

Comparison of Pig Speedobtained by the measured field flow-rate and

by matching pig pressure with hydrostatic pressure

VB-VA 12" Line

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

23:00:00 00:00:00 01:00:00 02:00:00 03:00:00 04:00:00 05:00:00 06:00:00 07:00:00 08:00:00

Distance [m]

Pre

ss

ure

[b

ar]

0.682

0.684

0.686

0.688

0.69

0.692

0.694

Pig Speed Velocity from Rate


12

VB-VA 12" Line

14.00

16.00

18.00

20.00

22.00

24.00

26.00

0.0 500.0 1000.0 1500.0 2000.0 2500.0 3000.0 3500.0

Distance [m]

Pre

ssu

re [

bar

]

Hydrostatic P Rear Pressure

Rear pressure matches the shape of the hydrostatic pressure computed from the elevation profile

(Corrections applied for variable pig speed).

Possible featureto be checked

Possibly dueto the unpluggingof rear pig hole


13

The delta pressure across the pig provides additional indications of possible small restrictions in the line

(exact origin of which cannot be inferred from the pig data)

VB-VA 12" Line

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Distance [m]

Pre

ssu

re [

bar

]

300

320

340

360

380

400

420

440

460

Ele

vati

on

[m

]

DeltaP across pig COTA TUBO


14


1) The measurement was affected by flow instabilities during start-up.Some of these effects have been corrected. However, some uncertainties remain both in feature detection and position,

2) One possible feature detected at about 130 m from VB,

3) Other smaller features at approximate distances from VB:• 230 m• 310 m• 400 m• 525 m• 890 m• 995 m• 1440 m• 1670 m• 1775 m

CPF – Sarayacu (launched on 25 Jun 2014)

15

HT/HP sensors (2 front+rear) and Accel sensors (2 front+rear)

Pre-launch

HT/HP Sensors

AccelerationSensors

Pig OD = 32.5 cmAs received

Intact Sensors(except for front acceleration sensor)

16


CPF-Sarayacu

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000

Distance [m]

Ele

vat

ion

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Valves Elevation P1

Rear pressure matches the shape of the hydrostatic pressurea part from a specific section, which represents an unknown anomaly

(Corrections applied for variable pig speed).

17

The frictional pressure drop shows anomalies which indicatepossible deposits or restrictions.

The red arrow indicates a localized anomaly(exact origin of which cannot be inferred from the pig data)


CPF-Sarayacu

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000

Distance [m]

Ele

vat

ion

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Valves Elevation P1

Wax deposits

18

The deltaP across the pig shows anomalies which indicatepossible deposits or restrictions. In blue, valve-induced anomalies.

In red, the less explicable ones.(exact origin of which cannot be inferred from the pig data)

CPF – Sarayacu (launched on 25 Jun 2014)CPF-Sarayacu

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000

Distance [m]

Ele

vati

on

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Valves Elevation P1

19


1) The pressure data show anomalies which might be attributed to wax deposition, but also inexplicable anomalies were detected (30-35 km)

2) The pressure drop measured across the pig correlates well with the position of several valves, but some other features are to examined more carefully, notably at 92900m approximately

3) The pig stopped at arrival in Sarayacu for several hours. Apparently this is where also the pig recovered in 2004 stopped. This may represent a criticality.

4) The average pig velocity is 0.23 m/s, and about a half of this value before valve#5. This represents another pigging criticality.


Sarayacu – Baeza (launched on 27 Jun 2014)

20

HP Sensors: 3 front + 3 rear (Pressure), 1 front (Temperature)

Frontsensors

Rearsensors

Pre-launchAs recovered, with about 20kg of deposits

Sensors all presentand functional

21

The frictional pressure drop shows anomalies which indicatepossible deposits or restrictions

(exact origin of which cannot be inferred from the pig data)


Sarayacu-Baeza 16"

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

101000 106000 111000 116000 121000 126000 131000 136000

Distance from CPF [m]

Pre

ss

ure

, F

ric

tio

ns

[b

ar]

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Ele

va

tio

n [

m]

Pressure Friction Elevation

Sarayacu-Baeza

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

101000 106000 111000 116000 121000 126000 131000 136000

Distance from CPF [m]

Pre

ss

ure

, F

ric

tio

ns

[b

ar]

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

Del

taP

ac

ros

s p

ig [

ba

r]

Pressure Temperature DeltaP

22

The delta P across the pig shows further featuressuch as start of wax deposition and other deviations

(but pipe welds are never visible)


Onset of waxDeposition?

End of waxDeposition?

?

23


1) The pressure data show anomalies which might be attributed to wax(?) deposition, but also other inexplicable anomalies were detected (e.g. at about km 35)

2) The frictional pressure drop profile is linear overall, but shows localized anomalies

3) The pig velocity was about 0.3 m/s (which is below the typical ILI expected speed but closer to it than the speed in the CPF-Sarayacu section)


Www.eni.it Eni Ecuador “Smart Foam Pig” first application 2014-07-02 – Rev.0 Alberto Di Lullo,...

Documents

Transcript of Www.eni.it Eni Ecuador “Smart Foam Pig” first application 2014-07-02 – Rev.0 Alberto Di Lullo,...