WWII and Discrimination

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WWII and Discrimination

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WWII and Discrimination. Military Segregation “Separate but equal” Double V Campaign Executive Order 8802 - No employment discrimination in defense industries based on race, creed, color, or national origin Fair Employment Practices Commission - civil rights agency to enforce EO 8802 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of WWII and Discrimination

Page 1: WWII and Discrimination

WWII and Discrimination

Page 2: WWII and Discrimination

African Americans

Military Segregation“Separate but equal”Double V CampaignExecutive Order 8802- No employment

discrimination in defense industries based on race, creed, color, or national origin

Fair Employment Practices Commission- civil rights agency to enforce EO 8802

Racial tensions spurred riots in Detroit

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Mexican Americans

Bracero Program- 200,000 Mexican workers came to aid U.S. war effort◦Harvest fruit and vegetables◦Build and maintain railroads

Racial tensions between Mexicans and whitesZoot Suit Riots- 2,500 American soldiers and

sailors attack Mexican neighborhoods in Los Angeles

500,000 Hispanic Americans served in armed forces during WWII

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Japanese Americans

After Pearl Harbor, racial tensions increase between Japanese immigrants and whites

Attacks on Japanese businesses, homes, etc.Social discriminationFear of Japanese spiesExecutive Order 9066-

◦Declared West Coast a military zone◦Forced Japanese Americans (2/3 citizens) to internment

camps◦Lost homes, businesses, farms, possessions◦1942-1945

Korematsu v. United States- relocation constitutional because of “military urgency”

No Japanese were ever tried for espionage or sabotage

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Italian and German Americans

FDR Proclamations, December 8, 1941◦All unnaturalized residents of German and Italian

decent, 14 yrs. and up◦Deemed enemy aliens◦Travel restrictions◦Forced to carry I.D. cards◦Personal property taken◦5,000 arrested◦Forced to live in military internment camps

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Native Americans

40,000 Native men and women left reservations to work in defense industries

Alaskan tribes served as territorial defense against Japanese occupation

U.S. used Native resources for war materials- land, oil, helium, lumber, etc.

25,000 Native men served in armed forces◦Navajo Code Talkers