WUA PSA Assessment Report Medium Projects

8/2/2019 WUA PSA Assessment Report Medium Projects

1/27

W ater Users Assoc ia t ion s

Per fo rm ance Assessm ent Repor t

Com par ison o f Per fo r m ance Betw een

Kha r i f & Rab i 2008

Med ium I r r i ga t i on Sub -Pro jec t s

A ndh ra Pradesh I r r i ga t i on and L i ve li hoods I m p rovemen t Pro j ec t

Subm i t t ed To

I r r i ga t i on and Com m and A rea Developm en t Depa r tm en t

Govern m ent o f Andh ra PradeshMay 200 9

Prepared By

Rahul Sen, B. Sw apna & G. Mohana

RS DEVELOPMENT SOLUTI ONS & RESEARCH SERVI CES


2/27

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LI ST OF CONTENTS

LI ST OF FI GURES

LI ST OF ANNEXURES

Page

CHAPTER 1: I NTRODUCTI ON

1.1 General Introduction 11.2 Objectives 11.3 Scope of the study 1

CHAPTER 2: W UA PERFORMANCE STATUS OF MEDI UM I RRI GATI ON

PROJECTS UNDER API LI P

2.1 APILIP 32.2

The WUA Self Assessment Tool 3

2.3 Self Assessment of the WUAs 4

CHAPTER 3: W UA PERFORMANCE ANALYSI S OF 11 MEDI UM SUB PROJECTS

3.1 Data Analysis 9

3.2 Data Interpretation 13


3/27

LI ST OF FI GURES

Fig.1 Medium irrigation sub projects under APILIP 4

Fig.2 WUA wise performance status of medium sub projects

for khariff 2008 7

Fig.3 WUA wise performance status of medium sub projects

for rabi 2008 8

Fig.4 Comparison of WUA performance assessment for khariff 10

and rabi 2008

LI ST OF ANN EXURE

Annexure 1 APILIP - Andhra Pradesh Irrigation and Livelihood 15

Improvement Project

Annexure 2 The WUASelf AssessmentTool 17

Annexure 3 Rating Format for Assessing WUA Performance 19

Annexure 4 Steps in Generating Microbars 22

Annexure 5 Steps in Generating Bullet Graphs 23


4/27

CHAPTER 1 I NTRODUCTI ON

1 .1 Ge n era l I n t r o d u c t i o n

Participatory Irrigation Management has primary focus on decentralizing irrigation

management through establishment and strengthening local peoples organization viz.

Water Users Association. The I&CAD, GoAP plans to strengthen these WUAs by providing

inputs not only in terms of training, but also building their capacity for water

management. Main aim is to make these institutions self-reliant in terms of

management, resource mobilization and sustenance. In such a self-help promotion

program, regular review provides an opportunity of reflection and learning. Periodic

reflection is helpful to ascertain the progress towards the goal. The phase II of reforms

in Andhra Pradesh has thrust on using monitoring as a tool for empowerment. Thus, it

was decided to introduce a self- rating system for the WUA.

The performance of a WUA can be evaluated through WUA Self Assessment exercise.

The underline principle of a WUA Self Assessment is to help WUA understand their roles

and responsibilities and assess the functioning status of WUA, create awareness among

WUA members, plan remedial measures and motivate them towards the path of

sustainability. Thus it can become a building block for the entire Monitoring and Learning

systems.

1 .2 Object i ves

The objectives of the study are:

To understand the change in performance from Khariff 2008 to Rabi 2008

To identify the WUAs where the performance has reduced from previous season

To identify the indicators where the performance of WUAs has declined.

To identify the major contributing factors where there is no improvement.

1 .3 Scope o f the s tu dy

The study enables to provide information regarding the present performance of WUA

and compares it with their previous performance.

It can be effectively used for monitoring the management of WUAs / project

Assists in improving farmers participation in irrigation management

Facilitate the use of GIS and graphic software for data analysis

1


5/27

It is a very useful tool, right from the section officer to Chief Engineer level, to

understand the critical issues involved and thereby facilitate technology and

management practices for improving water use efficiency and productivity

2


6/27

CHAPTER 2: W UA PERFORMANCE STATUS OF MEDI UM I RRI GATI ON

PROJECTS UNDER API LI P

2 .1 API L IP - An d h ra Pra d e sh I r r i g a t i o n a n d L ive l i h oo d I m p ro ve me n t Pro j e c t

I&CAD Department, GoAP is implementing the Andhra Pradesh Irrigation and Livelihoods

Improvement Project with support from JICA, Japan. The aim of the project is to

improve agricultural productivity, stabilize irrigation potential, enhance efficiency of

water use and alleviate poverty with diversified livelihood programs. The project

comprises of the following primary components (Annexure 1):

1. Civil Works - Construction of 59 new minor irrigation tanks to create new irrigation

potential of 30, 521 ha and rehabilitation of 11 medium irrigation projects to stabilize

command of 69, 890 ha

2. WUA Strengthening - Identify and involve the beneficiaries/WUAs during the planning

and design stage of the relevant sub-projects and build their capacities in the 59 minor

irrigation and 11 medium irrigation projects

3. Sector Reforms - strengthening and capacity building of WUAs in major and medium

irrigation projects in the state and establishment of Field Training centres in major and

medium irrigation circles

2.2 The WUA Sel f Assessm ent Tool

To assess the performance of the WUA I&CAD Department has developed a WUA Self

Assessment Tool. The WUA Self Assessment Tool is designed to monitor the status of

the WUAs on four main parameters covering 15 indictors, which are as follows

(Annexure 2):

1. Participation & Dialogue

i. No of Management Committee meetings held annually

ii. General body meetings and % of farmers participation

iii. Transparency - Information to all Members (Wall paintings, Social Audit etc,)

2. Performance

iv. Water Use Efficiency (Acres per MCFT)

v. Tax collection (self sufficiency, O&M MR)

vi. Area under Second crop

3


7/27

vii. Additional resources mobilization (higher tax rates, other means)

3. Self Managementviii. Tail end issues & adequacy of water received by the tail ends

ix. Updation of records

x. Water release schedule

xi. Warabandi implementation

xii. Joint Azmoish (estimation of tax collection)

xiii. Conflict resolution

xiv. O&M works

4. Innovations & Technology adoptionxv. Innovations in water management, water sharing, Conjunctive use, Water

Audit, Collective action, Cropping practices (SRI, ID, Horticulture) etc.,

2 .3 Se l f Assessm ent o f the WUAs

A WUA Self Assessment study has been carried to monitor the performance of 96 WUAs

of 11 medium irrigation projects under APILIP (see Map below).

Fig. 1

The methodology for conducting WUA performance analysis comprises of data collection,

data entry, data consolidation and data analysis.

4


8/27

1. Data Collection - WUA self-assessment exercise is proposed to be conducted twice a

year before the Kharif and Rabi seasons. The present exercise was done for Kharif and

Rabi seasons for the year 2008. The Project Support Organization (SO) staff facilitated

the exercise with the WUA Managing Committee by using the WUA Self Assessment

Posters. WUA Managing Committee knew the status of each parameter and indicators

and the SO staff collected the data in the prescribed format. The rating of WUA was

done based on the indicator measurement criteria as per the predefined weightage for

an indicator and the marks are allotted for that indicator in the tool. Based on the

indicator description, the WUAs were assessed and the corresponding marks were

allotted. The assessment poster was then sent to the project PMU for evaluation. The

rating format for assessing WUA performance is given in Annexure 3.

2. Data Entry - The assessment data of the WUAs was then entered in a Spreadsheet

with details of each WUA covered in a single worksheet. Thus a single Spreadsheet file

covered the details of all WUAs of a single project. The similar process was carried out

for all the 11 medium irrigation projects.

3. Data Consolidation - The data was then compiled and consolidated so that the

information of all the 15 indicators for 96 WUAs was tabulated into a single

Spreadsheet. Further the 15 indicators were reorganized into 3 parameters namely

Water Management, Sustainability and Administration thus each parameter consisting of

5 indicators. This was done to group those indicators that are interrelated and also to

understand whether the WUA performance in an indicator had an impact on the

performance of related indicators in a particular group.

The Water management parameter deals with water use efficiency, tail end issues, water

release schedule, warabandi implementation and innovations in water management.

Thus the water management plays a pivotal role in understanding water sensitive issues.

Sustainability handles O&M works, area under second crop, tax collection, additional

resource mobilization and joint azmoish. Finally administration covers general body

meetings, management committee meetings, maintenance of records, resolving conflicts

and transparency.

4. Data Analysis Each indicator has been assessed and evaluated based on 4

categories Poor, Average, Good and Excellent. The total weightage marks allotted for

each indicator was not equivalent. For example the total marks defined for O&M works

5


9/27

indicator was 5, tax collection was 10 and water use efficiency was 15, which did not

have a standard base to carry out the comparative analysis. Hence the percentage of

marks scored by an indicator to that of the total marks of that indicator was calculated

to ensure uniformity.

Since the percentage values for each category varied from indicator to indicator

therefore the ranges for each category was redefined to have a common platform. The

ranges for the above-mentioned categories are as follows:

Poor (C) 0 30%

Average (B) - 31 50 %

Good (A) - 51 80 %

Excellent (A+) - 81 100%

Graphics software was used to prepare an analytical chart of all the indictors as

comparative bar graphs (Annexure 4).

The status of performance of all WUAs of the 11 medium irrigation projects under APILIP

for Khariff 2008 and Rabi 2008 is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 respectively.

6


10/27

Fig . 2 : WUA w ise per fo rm ance s ta tus o f m ed ium i r r i ga t ion p ro j ec ts fo r

Kh a r i f f 2 0 0 8

7


11/27

Fig . 3 : WUA w ise per fo rm ance s ta tus o f m ed ium i r r i ga t ion p ro j ec ts fo r

Rab i 20 08

8


12/27

9

CHAPTER 3: W UA PERFORMANCE ANALYSI S OF 11 MEDI UM SUB PROJECTS

3 .1 Da ta Ana lys is

The WUA wise self-assessment data collected for two seasons (Khariff and Rabi 2008) is

consolidated into a single table to compare and evaluate the performance of each WUA

for every indicator thereby concluding whether the WUA has achieved its target or not

and also identify the indicators where the performance of WUA has dwindled.

The analysis has been carried out for 95 WUAs as the data could not be collected for

Gonaboinapally WUA in Dindi project since the WUA was reluctant to participate and

hence the self-assessment exercise could not be conducted.

It will be useful to compare the performance of WUA and to perceive how WUAs are

performing against the previous season. Thus to represent this change in performance in

a highly sophisticated graphical form, a bullet graph is used (Annexure 5).

The analysis is done on the basis of percentage marks calculated as explained in the

previous chapter. Based on the percentage of increase / decrease, five categories has

been classified which is shown below.

Category Condition Color

E B < A

D B = A, if A < TargetC B = A, if A = Target

B B >A (< 60%)

A B >A (>= 60%)

Where A Past Data (Khariff 2008)

B - Present Data (Rabi 2008)

Target Total marks of the indicator

If the performance of WUAs in Rabi 2008 has improved greater than or equal to

60% of the performance in Khariff 2008 then it means that the WUAs are performing

efficiently and thus it has been categorized as A. Similarly if the performance has

declined in comparison to the previous season then it has been categorized as E.

The Comparison of WUA performance assessment for Khariff and Rabi 2008 in shown in

Fig.4.


13/27

Fig . 4 : Com par i son o f WUA per fo rm ance assessment f o r k har i f f

10


14/27

11


15/27

12


16/27

3 .2 Da ta I n te rp re ta t i o n

Gajuladinne is the best performing project among the 11 medium irrigation projects. Its

performance is good in Water Management and Administration where most WUAs have

shown improvement. As few WUAs have maintained their previous performance but not

achieved the target there still is a scope for improvement in Water Management. In

Sustainability parameter, WUAs have performed well in joint azmoish, area under

second crop and tax collection. In O&M and additional resource mobilization a number of

WUAs have maintained their performance but not achieved the target. Also four WUAs

in O&M and 1 WUA in additional resource mobilization show diminished performance

indicating that there is much scope for improvement in this parameter for the project.

The data for second season i.e Rabi 2008 is not available for Pedakanaparthy WUA in

Swarnamukhi project. For this WUA, the performance bar is not shown and only thereference bar is noticeable indicating the performance in the previous season. As the

comparative difference between the two performances can not be computed all the

indicators by default are falling in category E.

Indicator wise the total number of WUAs under each category has been computed and

is shown in the table below.

Category Wate r Managemen t Sus ta inab i l i t y Admin i s t r a t i on

W UE TE

I WM WR WI

O&M

ASC Tax JA

ARM Rec MC GB T CR

A 0 14 5 1 1 2 3 2 5 0 27 15 15 4 11

B 34 28 0 32 25 31 28 22 39 13 33 64 46 55 24

C 0 0 57 17 12 2 0 0 0 0 15 5 1 0 13

D 46 47 19 24 43 41 51 49 37 66 17 5 32 31 28

E 15 6 14 21 14 19 13 22 14 16 3 6 1 5 19

There is no major concern if the indicators are graded in C, B and A categories. While

the WUAs graded in C category are those which had achieved the target performance

during kharif 2008 and have maintained their performance also during Rabi 2008, the

number of WUAs achieving this category is comparatively very less. On the other hand,

the WUAs achieving B and A category are those which show improvement in

performance during Rabi 2008 over that of performance during kharif 2008. However,

these WUAs still have to achieve the target performance and hence need to continue

improving their performance. These categories constitute nearly 50% of the WUAs.

13


17/27

One needs to concentrate on those WUAs where the performance is poor i.e. category E

and also on those where the WUAs have maintained their performance though they do

not achieve the target i.e. category D. Thus, the key concern is the WUAs in Sathnala

project where all the indicators except Managing Committee meetings are either in

category E or D. This shows that the WUAs in this project are not enhancing their

performance and reach the required target.

While a large number of WUAs have improved their performance in all the three

categories, it is only in Administration that many WUAs have improved by greater than

or equal to 60%. On the other hand, about 40% of WUAs have maintained their

previous performance and still need to improve to achieve the target. Lastly, there are

about 10% WUAs that show decline in their performance. These WUAs are of most

concern and need special care so that they can improve back their performance.

14


18/27

An n e xu re 1

API L IP - An d h ra Pra d e sh I r r i g a t i o n a n d L i vel i h o od I m p ro ve me n t Pro j e c t

The project aim is to improve the agricultural productivity, stabilization of irrigation

potential, enhance the efficiency of water use and alleviate poverty with diversified

livelihood programs.

Componen ts

The project comprises four components:

Civ i l Wor ks

This component consists of construction of 59 new minor irrigation tanks to create new

irrigation potential of 30, 521 ha and rehabilitation of 11 medium irrigation projects tostabilize command of 69, 890 ha.

WUA Com ponen t

This component refers to sub-projects taken up under the APILIP. The project aims to

identify and involve the beneficiaries/WUAs during the planning and design stage of the

relevant sub-projects and build their capacities

Secto r Re fo rm s

This component covers all medium and minor irrigation sub-projects engineering staff

with the following activities capacity building of I & CAD staff at various levels

Development of Data base - Preparation of River Basin wise Water Atlas of Andhra

Pradesh, Water Quality database, including drinking water

Tank memoirs of tanks (


19/27

projects, 462 WUAs are in the medium irrigation projects balance 8432 WUAs are in the

minor irrigation projects. As part of sector reforms under APILIP (which is supported by

JICA) is 2648 WUAs, 323 Distributary Committees and 21 project Committees of major

and medium irrigation projects are proposed to be strengthened by organizing training

and capacity building activities. It is necessary to build the capacities of the Farmers

Organisations. A separate budget has been allotted under sector reforms in APILIP for

training and capacity building activities of the Farmers Organisations (FOs).

To assess the performance of the FO, WUA Self Assessment tool has been developed by

I&CAD. Using this tool WUA self-assessment exercise had been taken up on pilot basis in

96 WUAs of 11 medium irrigation sub projects under APILIP. The process report is

furnished below. The same exercise will be take-up in all the WUAs of major and

medium irrigation projects in the state.

16


20/27

An n e xu re 2

The WUA Sel f Assessm ent Tool

To assess the performance of the WUA I & CAD Department has developed a WUA Self

Assessment Tool. Using the tool, APILIP carried out WUA self-assessment exercise in 96WUAs of the 11 medium irrigation sub projects under it. The WUA self-assessment tool

is designed to monitor the status of the WUAs on four main parameters covering 15

indictors, which are as follows:

1 . Par t i c ipa t ion & D ia logue - The Participation & Dialogue parameter facilitates the

WUAs in explaining them the need for conducting the Management Committee

meetings, General body meetings and farmers participation in irrigation management.

The total marks defined under this parameter are 15 equally distributed for all

indicators. The list of indicators is as follows

1. No of Management Committee meetings held annually

2. General body meetings and % of farmers participation

3. Transparency - Information to all Members (Wall paintings, Social Audit etc,)

2 . Per fo rmance - The performance is one of the major contributing parameter. The

total marks defined under this parameter are 35. This gives a good understanding in

water use efficiency, percentage of tax collection, crop wise tax charges, payment

process, extra revenue generation and the management of plough back funds in O&M

works. The weightage for indicator is not same unlike Participation & Dialogue.

Since area irrigated per unit of water is a critical factor, thus water use efficiency

indicator plays a vital role and has a highest weigtage of 15. Similarly the amount of tax

collected is another significant factor and it is prioritized as second highest with a

weightage of 10. The other two indicators have equal weightage of 5 marks. The list of

indicators is as follows

4. Water Use Efficiency (Acres per MCFT)

5. Tax collection (self sufficiency, O&M MR)

6. Area under Second crop

7. Additional resources mobilization (higher tax rates, other means)

17


21/27

3. Se l f Managem ent - The self management assists in identifying the tail end area, the

strategies to reduce tail end issues, adoption of warabandi method to provide water to

tail end farmers, participation in Joint Azmoish, plough back amount received by WUA,

identification and implementation of O&M works, mechanism to resolve the conflicts,

maintenance of WUA records, preparation and implementation of water release

schedule.

The distribution of water throughout the system plays a pivotal role i.e the percentage of

identified tailend areas that receive water is a major concern and hence it gets the

weightage of 10 and other indicators have equal weightage of 5 marks. The indicators

list is as follows

8. Tail end issues & adequacy of water received by the tail ends

9. Updation of records

10.Water release schedule

11.Warabandi implementation

12.Joint Azmoish (estimation of tax collection)

13.Conflict resolution

14.O&M works

4 . In nova t ions & Techno logy adop t ion - This parameter provides a unique method in

understanding the novel activities initiated by WUA. It initiates discussion on various

ways and means of solving the WUA problems. The indicator has a weightage of 10

marks.

15.Innovations in water management, water sharing, Conjunctive use, Water

Audit, Collective action, cropping practices (SRI, ID, Horticulture) etc.

The advantages of the WUA Self Assessment tools are as follows:

It helps group members to keep a track of their own progress

It works as a facilitative tool for the group members

Members themselves can plan corrective actions

It can be integrated with regular meetings of WUA

It can be a building block for the entire M& L system

It increases awareness among all the members

18


22/27

An n e xu re 3

19


23/27

20


24/27

21


25/27

An n e xu re 4

Steps in Genera t ing Microbars

1. The dataset is the percentage values for 15 indicators for all the 96 WUAs and a

sample data is shown for a single project in table below.

Percentage values for 15 indicators for Swarna Project

Wate r Managemen t Susta inab i l i t y Admin i s t r a t i onWUAName WR WI WUE TE IWM O&M ASC Tax JA ARM CR Rec MC GB T

Aloor 100 100 100 80 20 100 60 20 20 20 100 40 60 60 60

Kowthala B 100 100 73 20 20 100 40 50 20 20 100 40 60 40 20

Sarangapur 100 60 53 50 20 100 40 50 40 20 60 40 60 100 100

Vengvapet 100 40 53 20 20 20 60 80 40 20 100 60 60 20 40

Chincholi 100 20 33 20 20 100 40 50 40 20 100 40 60 40 40

The description for the indicators is as follows:

WR Water release schedule JA Joint Azmoish

WI Warabandi implementation Tax Tax collection

O&M Operations & Maintenance works ARM Additional resources mobilization

WUE Water Use Efficiency IWM Innovations in water management

TE Tail end issues Rec Updation of records

ASC Area under Second crop GB General body meetings

CR Conflict resolution MC Management Committee meetings

T Transparency

2. Microbars are created based on the percentage values. The size of the bar varies

with the percentage value.

3. Further to improve the data visualization, microbars are colored using conditional

formatting.

4. Microbars are colored based on 4 categories Poor, Good, Average and Excellent

22


26/27

An n e xu re 5

Steps in Generat ing Bul le t Graphs

The bullet graph features a single, primary measure (for example, current year-to-date

revenue), compares that measure to one or more other measures to enrich its meaning(for example, compared to a target), and displays it in the context of qualitative ranges

of performance, such as poor, average, good and excellent. The qualitative ranges are

displayed as varying intensities of a single hue to make them discernible and to restrict

the use of colors on the dashboard to a minimum. A sample bullet graph is shown below.

Reference Value for com arative measurePerform ance bar

Background colours indicate the qualitative ranges of performance, suchas poor, average, good and excellent

The steps for generating Bullet Graphs are as follows:

1. The dataset is the time series data of percentage values for 15 indicators for 5

WUAs and a sample data for technical category showing 6 indicators are shown

in table below.

Percentage values of 6 indicators for two seasons

WUA WR_A WR_B ASC_A ASC_B O&M_A O&M_B WI_A WI_B WUE_A WUE_B TE_A TE_B

Aloor 100% 100% 60% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 73% 80% 100%

Vengvapet 100% 100% 60% 100% 20% 100% 40% 100% 53% 73% 20% 80%

Kowthala B 100% 100% 40% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 73% 73% 20% 50%

Sarangapur 100% 100% 40% 100% 100% 60% 60% 60% 53% 73% 50% 80%

Chincholi 100% 100% 40% 100% 100% 60% 20% 60% 33% 73% 20% 80%

Note: A Past Data (Khariff 2008), B - Present Data (Rabi 2008)

2. Bullet graphs are created based on the percentage values. The size of the

performance bar varies with the percentage value.

23


27/27

3. Calculate percentage of increase /decrease for all indicators based on data in the

table.

4. For E.g. ASC_A 60%, ASC_B 100%

5. Hence the percentage increase is 40%

6. Based on the percentage of increase / decrease, five categories has been

classified which is shown below.

Category Condition Color

E B < A

D B = A , if A < Target

C B = A , if A = Target

B B >A (< 60%)

A B >A (>= 60%)

Where A Past Data (Khariff 2008)

B - Present Data (Rabi 2008)

Target Total marks of the indicator

7. Fill the background color of bullet graphs using conditional formatting.

WUA PSA Assessment Report Medium Projects

Documents

Transcript of WUA PSA Assessment Report Medium Projects