WTA4 XSL(2)

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WTA Topic 4 :

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Extens e Sty es eet

Language (XSL)

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Topics:XSL

Learn how XSL can transform XML documents into otherformats such as HTML.XSL stylesheet consists of a set of rules calledtemplates.

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XML result document.Use XPATH expressions in matching patterns to locateparts of an XML document.Sorting and filtering xml data (using XSLT).Creating Conditional Statements.

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IntroductionXSL stands for EXtensible Stylesheet Language,and is a style sheet language for XML documents.XSLT stands for XSL Transformations.How to use XSLT to transform XML documents

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, .CSS = Style Sheets for HTMLXSL = Style Sheets for XML

XSL can also be used to format data based on itsvalue; ex: to display negative numbers in afinancial report in red.

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XSL consists of three partsXSLTa language for transforming XML documentsinto XHTML.

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a language used by XSLT to locate elementsand/or attributes within an XML documents

XSL-FO(Formatting Objects) a language for specifyingformatting properties for rendering the XMLdocuments

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XSLXSL can filter and sort XML data using the

criteria you define, as well as format itsdisplay based on the value of the dataitself.

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When the data is output, you can use XSLto send your XML data to various devices,including handheld devices, print, or voiceoutput.

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XSLT Processing

reformatted.xslXSLT

Stylesheet

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mydocument.xml

(XMLDocument)

.(Reformatted XML

Document)XSLT

Processor

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XSLT Processing XSLT is used to transform XML Documents

with XSL.

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recognized by the browser, XSLT does thisby converting each XML element into anXHTML element.

XSLT is a template-based programming

language.

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XSLT TemplateIt can introduce new XML elements into the outputdocument it creates, or remove others.

Change the order of elements and choose which to displayand which to hide.

Create multiple views of the same source document to letyour data be displayed on a broad variety of devices.

Summary: XSLT lets different kinds of software applicationsexchange XML-enabled data with one another.

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XML Source Tree into XML Result Tree

LisaDerik

First NameLast Name

BillStark

LisaDerik

BillStark

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Working For XSLT transformation

Two documents required XML source documentand an XSLT stylesheet to create a singleresult document.

XSLT usesXPATH to define parts of the XML source

document that match one or more predefinedtemplates.

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Details of XSL StylesheetSince an XSL is an XML document, it must begin with an XMLdeclaration:

Every XSL stylesheet needs to identify the XSL namespace (xslns)so that the parser knows what version of XSLT to use.

Hence the next statement defines a root element called or .

or

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Details of XSL StylesheetLater the prefix xsl: is used throughout

the rest of the XSL stylesheet to identifyall XSL processing statements.

If theres no xsl: at the beginning of abracketed tag, then that element is simplycopied to the output file without anyprocessing taking place. Thus with this wecan add HTML tags.

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Example : catalog1.xml

ISBN, PUBLISHER, PAGES?, PRICE)>

XML in ActionWilliam J.

Pardi

0-07-914702-9Microsoft Press492470.00

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]>

Oracle 8iRichard

Gosling0-07-913702-4BPB Publications393410.00

XML to codeJesse Liberty1-861000-95-2Wrox Press393560.00Java UnleashedJames

Spencer0-7456-0964-1Techmedia

Publications491670.00

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Example 1 : xslcatalogs1.xsl

Catalogs Book InformationBOOK NAMEAUTHOR NAME

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PUBLISHERPAGESPRICE

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XSL uses TemplatesThe Element

The element is used to build templates.The match attribute indicates where to look for a matchbetween the XML and XSL documents.The value of the match attribute is an XPath expression

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(i.e. match="/" defines the whole document).

XSLT Element

Is used to extract the value of a selected node.

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Filtering XSLT Element

The element allows you to do looping inXSLT

Filtering the OutputWe can also filter the out ut from the XML file b addin a

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criterion to the select attribute in the element.

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Sorting XSLT Element

The element is used to sort theoutput.Ex : to sort the catalog as per book name in

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PUBLISHERPAGESPRICE

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Conditional StatementThe element

Is used to put a conditional test attribute,against the content of the XML file.Ex: to display books only with price less than

rupees. .

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PUBLISHERPAGESPRICE

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Multiple ChoicesThe element

Is used in conjunction with and to express multiple conditional tests.

Syntax

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... some output ...

... some output ....

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Example 4.1 of choose(xml file)

Empire BurlesqueBob DylanUSA

Columbia10.901985

Still got the bluesGary Moore

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HM records10.201990

ErosEros RamazzottiEUBMG9.901997

Unchain my heartJoe CockerUSAEMI8.201987

If we want to display the cd details from the

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Example 4.1 of choose(xsl file)

My CD Collection

TitleArtist

< tr>

XML file in a table and highlight the artistwhere cd price is > 10 in a different color.

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xchoose.xml

If we want to present the contents of our XML

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Foo Item< t >

Carbs (g)Fiber (g)Fat (g)Energy (kj)

< t >

food.xml

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Applying TemplatesThe select attribute that appears in elementprocesses only the child element that matches the value shown.

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element would be selected.

If value has to be set only to certain child elements then separatewith pipe character.

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Example 5 : xsltemplate.xml

678

782

HarshMehta

BTech12IT

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SmitaLondhe

MBATech12Computer

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Example 5 : xsltemplate.xsl

28xsltemplate.xml

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Example 6 : xslplanes.xml

1977 Cessna

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Light blue and white

1975 Piper

Apache White

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Example 6 : xslplanes.xsl

Airplane Descriptions

- " "

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Year:
Make:
Model:

Color:

xslplanes.xml

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XPathXPath is used to navigate through

elements and attributes in an XMLdocument.

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XPath is a major element in the W3C'sXSL standard. An understanding of XPathis fundamental for advanced use of XML.

Without any XPath knowledge, you will not

be able to create XSLT documents.

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XSL-FOXSL-FO describes the formatting of XML

data for output to screen, paper or othermedia.

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XSL-FO documents are XML files withinformation about the output layout andoutput content.

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