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Definition of Wireless Sensor Network:

A sensor network is a group of specialized transducers with acommunications infrastructure intended to monitor and recordconditions at diverse locations. Commonly monitored parameters are

temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction and speed,illumination intensity, vibration intensity, sound intensity, power-linevoltage, chemical concentrations, pollutant levels and vital bodyfunctions.

A sensor network consists of multiple detection stations calledsensor nodes, each of which is small, lightweight and portable. Every

sensor node is equipped with a transducer, microcomputer, transceiverand power source. The transducer generates electrical signals based onsensed physical effects and phenomena. The microcomputer processesand stores the sensor output. The transceiver, which can be hard-wiredor wireless, receives commands from a central computer and transmitsdata to that computer. The power for each sensor node is derived fromthe electric utility or from a battery.

Sensor network is used in Industrial automation, Automated andsmart homes, Video surveillance, Traffic monitoring, Medical devicemonitoring, Monitoring of weather conditions, Air traffic control,Robot control.

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Problems in Wireless Sensor Network:

Energy conservation is a very challenging problem in a wireless sensornetwork because the batteries of wireless sensor nodes have very

limited capacities. Two main problems in wireless sensor network arevery highly energy consuming activity scheduling and broadcasting.

Activity scheduling:

In activity scheduling problem, some nodes decide to turn off theirradio equipment to preserve energy, but should have at least one activeneighbor to collect messages for them or take over some sensing tasks.

Broadcasting:

In broadcasting problem, one host needs to send a particularmessage to all the other ones in the network. In a straightforwardsolution to this problem, hosts only need to blindly relay packets onceto their neighborhood. However, this leads to the well-known

broadcast storm problem. While consuming a lot of energy; thismethod does not even ensure a complete coverage of the network dueto multiple collisions.

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The main goal of our project:

The main goal of our project is to get a quite energy efficient activity

scheduling and broadcasting .

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Definition of Connected Dominating Set in a Graph:

A connected dominating set or CDS in a graph G is a subset Cof allthe nodes such that every node in G is either in Cor adjacent to anode in C.

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Picture of CDS in a Graph:

Fig. 1(a) shows a sample CDS in a graph where all the black nodes form

a CDS and they are called the dominators. The nodes that are adjacent

to a dominator are called dominatees.

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Construction and implementation of CDS in

fulfilling our aim: