Success with WritingOnline Workshop

Part 7: Referencing

Created by : Jane Mangano

Now you have the big picture

• Time to look at some of the important, finer points of academic writing.

How do I include the ideas of experts into my writing?

• In an academic essay all topic sentences need to be supported with evidence from your reading.

• This evidence needs to be accurately referenced.• There are three ways in which evidence can be

presented: direct quote, summary or paraphrase.• Remember to make use of the Library web page

for referencing style guides.

Quoting, summarising and paraphrasing...

• View the online tutorial from Harvard Graduate School of Education http://gseacademic.harvard.edu/~instruct/gutman_library/paraphrasing/module2/player.html

• After viewing the tutorial, write two paragraphs. In the first paragraph explain the difference between quoting, paraphrasing and summarising. In the second paragraph provide examples of where you would quote, paraphrase and summarise.

• This should take about 20 minutes.

Introducing the work of others

• According to Black (2001) ...• Smith, Brown and Ellis (2010) argue that...• In their review of the literature, Smart and

French (2000) point out that...• In light of the evidence presented by Shore

(2002) it could be argued that...• Children from isolated areas are less likely to

have weight issues later in life than children from heavily populated areas (Green, 1999).

Interactive Exercise

• Work through the interactive exercise from Douglas College on the AESC Delicious page.

• http://www.douglas.bc.ca/__shared/assets/WR659321.pdf

• By the end of this exercise you should have developed a repertoire of useful words and phrases to introduce the work of others into your writing.

• This should take about 20 minutes.

How can I make my paragraphs flow?

• By using transition markers.• Transition words and phrases: first, first of all,

second, third, next, finally, also, in addition, moreover, furthermore...

• Coordinators: and, both... and, not only...but also...

Cont.

• Others: The first cause, reason, factor...• The second problem, result, advantage...• One problem, reason, important factor...• Another way, reason, disadvantage...• An additional problem, result...• In addition to politics and economics...• Taken from Oshima, A. & Hogue, A. (2006) Writing Academic English, White Plains, Pearson.

Putting it all together

• Work through the ‘Writing in Pencil’ activity.• Remember to follow the steps.• This should take you about 30 minutes.• Submit this as a document.

End of Part 7

Please ensure you have completed each of the tasks in section 7 online.