Worldwide Inequality
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Transcript of Worldwide Inequality
Worldwide InequalityWorldwide Inequality
Dawn of time- 2007Dawn of time- 2007
By: Elizabeth AtchisonBy: Elizabeth Atchison
Life is All About Gaining Life is All About Gaining ResourcesResources
ResourceResource: Anything valued in : Anything valued in society ($, Medical Care, society ($, Medical Care,
Education)Education)
There is a limited supply- how do There is a limited supply- how do we decide who gets resources?we decide who gets resources?
Early SocietiesEarly Societies
Early human Early human societies were societies were organized into organized into small groups in small groups in order to hunt for order to hunt for food and gather food and gather fruits and plants to fruits and plants to eateat
Men hunted while Men hunted while women gathered women gathered and reared childrenand reared children
Evolution of societyEvolution of society
Hunter gatherer societies traveled in Hunter gatherer societies traveled in small groups and took care of their small groups and took care of their immediate families. immediate families.
Hunter gatherers gathered together Hunter gatherers gathered together for protection, safety, and foodfor protection, safety, and food
Any farming is strictly subsistence Any farming is strictly subsistence farming- grow what you needfarming- grow what you need
Improving Technology Leads to Improving Technology Leads to SettlementSettlement
Technology helped Technology helped early people to early people to settle down settle down geographicallygeographically
New weapons New weapons helped early helped early hunters kill prey hunters kill prey easier and more easier and more efficientlyefficiently
New farm tools New farm tools allowed early allowed early people to grow people to grow foodfood
Evolution leads to CitiesEvolution leads to Cities
Few groups of people begin to move into a Few groups of people begin to move into a central areacentral area
Small cities are formed- protection, safety, Small cities are formed- protection, safety, and organizationand organization
Trade!Trade!
Technology Advances SocietyTechnology Advances Society
New Farm tools New Farm tools such as plows and such as plows and spades allow spades allow farmers to be farmers to be efficientefficient
With more With more efficiency, less efficiency, less farmers are farmers are needed to provide needed to provide the same amount the same amount of foodof food
Efficiency = Efficiency = specializationspecialization
Less farmers = find Less farmers = find something else to something else to contribute to contribute to societysociety
Movement toward Movement toward cities to trade and cities to trade and sell new waressell new wares
Jobs in citiesJobs in cities
$$ Industrial Revolution $$$$ Industrial Revolution $$
Factories begin creating goods much Factories begin creating goods much faster and better than individuals canfaster and better than individuals can
Scramble for resources to create products Scramble for resources to create products b/c Products = $$$b/c Products = $$$
$$ Industrial Revolution Cont…$$$$ Industrial Revolution Cont…$$
Machines + Workers + Natural Machines + Workers + Natural resources = finished products= $$$resources = finished products= $$$
Natural resources- items in nature, Natural resources- items in nature, such as copper, iron, wood, oils, such as copper, iron, wood, oils, etc…, that are used to create etc…, that are used to create finished productsfinished products
The more natural resources, the The more natural resources, the more goods. The more goods, the more goods. The more goods, the more money. more money.
But where to get the goods…But where to get the goods…
Africa has a good Africa has a good deal of natural deal of natural resources ( and resources ( and had little industry= had little industry= little competition little competition for resources)for resources)
Europe will turn to Europe will turn to Africa for resourcesAfrica for resources
Should Africa be Should Africa be paid for their paid for their resources??resources??
Colonization around the worldColonization around the world
Powerful industrial countries use Powerful industrial countries use their colonies in order to obtain taxes their colonies in order to obtain taxes and resourcesand resources
““Haves” vs “Have nots”- can we steal Haves” vs “Have nots”- can we steal from our colonies?from our colonies?
Colonies treated as savages, kids, Colonies treated as savages, kids, unintelligent, and stupidunintelligent, and stupid
Global StratificationGlobal Stratification
Industrial Industrial countries- “HAVE” countries- “HAVE” based on industry based on industry and tradeand trade
They are able to They are able to charge high prices charge high prices to agrarian to agrarian countries and countries and colonies= profit!colonies= profit!
Agrarian countries- Agrarian countries- “HAVE NOT” based “HAVE NOT” based on natural on natural resources stolenresources stolen
Do not have many Do not have many
goods to sellgoods to sell
Get taken Get taken advantage ofadvantage of
Industrialization leads to InequalityIndustrialization leads to Inequality
Industry creates Industry creates wealth for factory wealth for factory ownersowners
While workers do While workers do have jobs, they are have jobs, they are not given high not given high wageswages
Workers must live Workers must live close to factories- close to factories- housing is badhousing is bad
Factory LifeFactory Life
Machines are Machines are dangerousdangerous
Hands and limbs Hands and limbs get lostget lost
UnsanitaryUnsanitary Child LaborChild Labor Long Days- 14 Long Days- 14
HoursHours CrowdedCrowded Bad HousingBad Housing Low WagesLow Wages
Woes of factory lifeWoes of factory life
ContrastContrast
Industrial Industrial countries- have set countries- have set up economies that up economies that give them a chance give them a chance to make $, have to make $, have more goods and more goods and services, services, opportunities for opportunities for schools and schools and advancementadvancement
Non-Industrial Non-Industrial Countries- have to Countries- have to buy goods from the buy goods from the wealthier wealthier countries, are countries, are behind behind technologically and technologically and economically, and economically, and politicallypolitically
1848- Communist Manifesto1848- Communist Manifesto
Karl MarxKarl Marx Economic Economic
philosopherphilosopher Saw the poverty of Saw the poverty of
the working classthe working class Thought that Thought that
workers will never workers will never be treated as be treated as equals by the equals by the ruling classruling class
1848- Communist Manifesto cont.1848- Communist Manifesto cont.
Marx believed that the bourgeoisie Marx believed that the bourgeoisie (owners) would always hold down the (owners) would always hold down the proletariats (workers) proletariats (workers)
It was up to the workers to unite, It was up to the workers to unite, overthrow the rulers (and overthrow the rulers (and government?) and take over as the government?) and take over as the ruling classruling class
Proletariat should share the factors Proletariat should share the factors of production and should all share in of production and should all share in the wealth the wealth
The Middle Income Countries are The Middle Income Countries are formedformed
Russian Revolution Russian Revolution 1917-First major 1917-First major Communist countryCommunist country• Vladimir Lenin leads Vladimir Lenin leads
revolution to revolution to overthrow the overthrow the Tsar(king) of Russia Tsar(king) of Russia
• Russia will share Russia will share resourcesresources
• Leads to constant Leads to constant scarcityscarcity
Communism SpreadsCommunism Spreads
Russia, China, and Russia, China, and many Latin many Latin American countries American countries like Cuba and like Cuba and Argentina have Argentina have individual individual revolutionsrevolutions
This is thought to This is thought to be a solution to be a solution to poverty in these poverty in these countriescountries
Communism’s ImpactCommunism’s Impact
While Communists have tried to fix While Communists have tried to fix their ailing economies with planning their ailing economies with planning and mandates, they have never been and mandates, they have never been able to accommodate their people’s able to accommodate their people’s needsneeds
Many Communist countries have Many Communist countries have suffered from corruption and abuse suffered from corruption and abuse of power- CUBAof power- CUBA
RecapRecap
High IncomeCountries
Middle Income Countries
Low Income Countries
Low Income CountriesLow Income Countries
Struggling economiesStruggling economies Many people still practice Many people still practice
subsistence farmingsubsistence farming Little infrastructure is set up- Little infrastructure is set up-
government, medical care, roads, etcgovernment, medical care, roads, etc Struggle with much corruption and Struggle with much corruption and
mismanagement of scarce resourcesmismanagement of scarce resources Little moneyLittle money
Colors signify some of our poorest Colors signify some of our poorest areasareas
Middle Income CountriesMiddle Income Countries
Have been or are currently Have been or are currently CommunistCommunist
Many are recovering from Many are recovering from Communism and are trying to up Communism and are trying to up their industrial outputtheir industrial output
There is a ruling class and a working There is a ruling class and a working class that usually gets ordered what class that usually gets ordered what to doto do
Anyone who goes against the Anyone who goes against the government risks prison or deathgovernment risks prison or death
Low-Middle Income FactoryLow-Middle Income Factory
High Income CountriesHigh Income Countries
Usually have economies based on Usually have economies based on industry or information and industry or information and technologytechnology
Typically most people have decent Typically most people have decent houses, cars, and other consumer houses, cars, and other consumer goodsgoods
High Standard of LivingHigh Standard of Living Examples- U.S.A, Japan, EnlandExamples- U.S.A, Japan, Enland
High Income CountriesHigh Income Countries
Stratification within High Income Stratification within High Income
Countries Countries Compton, CA and Compton, CA and
San Diego, CA are San Diego, CA are 15 minutes apart, 15 minutes apart, but are an example but are an example of Social of Social Stratification within Stratification within our High Income our High Income CountryCountry
Issues within our High Income Issues within our High Income CountryCountry
With the advancing of our economy from With the advancing of our economy from industrial to post-industrial, (1950+) there are industrial to post-industrial, (1950+) there are less industrial jobs for unskilled workersless industrial jobs for unskilled workers
There is a new reliance on education and There is a new reliance on education and technological skills- jobs such as accounting, technological skills- jobs such as accounting, medicine, law, computer engineeringmedicine, law, computer engineering
Information is used to better people’s livesInformation is used to better people’s lives There is a widening gap between the “Haves” There is a widening gap between the “Haves”
and “Have Nots” here in America and “Have Nots” here in America
OutsourcingOutsourcing
Many industrial jobs are being Many industrial jobs are being outsourced to countries in which outsourced to countries in which wages are lower, no health care, no wages are lower, no health care, no sanitation requirements, no sanitation requirements, no mandated work hours, no child labor mandated work hours, no child labor laws, no breakslaws, no breaks
Countries like the Philippines, Countries like the Philippines, Mexico, India, China, and others Mexico, India, China, and others depend on industries for subsistence depend on industries for subsistence paypay