The Great War Nationalism Imperialism Militarism Alliance System Materialism.
World War II: Rise of Militarism
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Transcript of World War II: Rise of Militarism
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World War II:Rise of
Militarism1939-1945
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Mussolini in Italy•Fascist Party – 1921
•Military dominated gov’t• Blackshirts
•King appointed him prime minister & granted him dictatorial powers!!
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Mussolini in Italy•High unemployment
•Widespread opposition to Socialists & Communists
•Fascists beat Communists
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7lw30qKFLw
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Mussolini in Italy•Pledged an imperial power= sent forces to Ethiopia in 1935• U.S. passed a neutrality act banning arm shipments• Only hurt Ethiopia
•Showed other fascist countries aggression= unpunished
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7lw30qKFLw
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Stalin in the Soviet Union
•Communist nation
•Joseph Stalin totalitarian state
•1927, Controlled private land organized into state-run farms• food & widespread famine• Protesters sent to labor camps= 15 million, 1933• Gulag
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Stalin in the Soviet Union
•Late 1930s, Paranoid purged all possible enemies (Communist party & Red Army) = The Great Purge• Approx. 30 million died as a result of his policies
http://www.history.com/topics/joseph-stalin/videos/stalins-purges
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Hitler in Germany•1932, Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist Party= Nazi Party
•Chancellor of Germany• Blamed Jews, Communists, and intellectuals for German’s
decline• Won supporters
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Third Reich Hitler’s gov’t claimed dictatorial powers
◦ Prohibited Jews from holding gov’t positions, outlawed strikes, made military service mandatory
Used industry to rearm= violating the Treaty of Versailles
Troops move into Rhineland, Austria, then demanded Sudetenland- region of western Czechoslovakia and was refused
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Anti-Semitism•Official gov’t policy= 1935 Nuremberg Laws- lost citizenship & allowed the destruction of Jewish property
•Nov. 9, 1938, Kristallnacht “the night of broken glass”
•Majority had no where to go strict immigration laws
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Franco in Spain •Fascism spread to Spain
•1936, Gen. Francisco Franco led Fascists to overthrow the gov’t Spanish Civil War= Fascists vs. Loyalists• Fascists won
•U.S. stayed out, volunteers joined Ernest Hemingway• Loyalists were bitter
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Militarists in Japan•1920’s – Military grew & didn’t want to rely on imports, & reduce western influence & expand in Eastern Asia & the Pacific
•1931 – Invaded Manchuria
•1934/1935 – Naval build-up
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Militarists in Japan•7/7/1937, Japanese & Chinese troops clashed near Beijing= War
•12/1937, troops brutally assaulted & occupied Nanjing• Rape of Nanjing
•U.S. condemned these actions, but did nothing
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Quick Review•Why did Italy become a fascist state?
•What are some examples that Joseph Stalin was a dictator?
•How did Adolf Hitler gain power in Germany?
•Why did Japan’s military promote expansion?
•How did America respond to all the different acts of aggression?