World War II1939-1945

How does WWI lead to WWII?Failures of the Versailles TreatyIncreased Japanese Imperialism Ineffective League of Nations

THE RISE OF DICTATORS IN EUROPE

The War Begins in Europe

Moving Towards WarBreaking down neutrality

◦“Good Neighbor Policy”◦Cash and Carry Act (1939)◦Build up US defenses

Build up forces Selective Training and Service Act

The Threat of the United States

◦Axis was determined to keep the U.S. out of the war

Election of 1940Roosevelt v. Wendell WillkieSame platform – keep out of warVoters chose who they the best55% of votes went to FDR

The Lend-Lease Plan, 1941Lend arms to countries “whose

defense was vital to the United States”

Leant arms to Britain and the Soviet Union

The United States Army was given permission to shoot at German U-boats who wanted to attack the supply ships

The Atlantic CharterWinston Churchill and FDR met to

discuss war aimsFormed the basis of a

“Declaration of the United Nations

Official orders to shoot U-boats on sight in response to Germany attacking a U.S. Naval Ship

Japan and the United States

Why does Japan attack the United States?

The Attack on Pearl HarborDecember 7,

1941

FDR’s Speech to Congress

Text of Speech Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - a date which will live in infamy - the United States of America

was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still

in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.

Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.

The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces. Very many American lives have been lost. In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.

Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya. Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong. Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam. Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands. Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island. This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.

Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area. The facts of yesterday speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.

As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.

Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us. No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion,

the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.

I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.

Hostilities exist. There is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.

With confidence in our armed forces - with the unbounding determination of our people - we will gain the inevitable triumph - so help us God.

I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec. 7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.

MOBILIZING THE PUBLIC

How does this compare/contrast to the home front during WWI?

Your Number was Called!

Calling all women!

Rosie the Riveter

In the factory

In the military

Nursing

Female War Photographers

Sale of Victory Bonds

Ration Cards

Propaganda Posters4 Types:

◦Recruitment Guilt Duty

◦Sacrifice◦Financing◦Dehumanizing the Enemy

Recruitment

7 Future American Presidents Views of the World Were

Formed by Their Service in World War II

7 Future American Presidents Views of the World Were

Formed by Their Service in World War II

Sacrifice

Financing the War

Dehumanizing the Enemy

War Entertainment

Abbott & Costello: “Buck Privates”

Abbott & Costello: “Buck Privates”

Hollywood Pitches InHollywood Pitches In

He’s the Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy of Company BHe’s the Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy of Company B

Bob Hope in the South Pacific

Bob Hope in the South Pacific

Thanks, for the Memories!

Thanks, for the Memories!

Loony Toons and Walt DisneyUsed their work to recruit

Americans into the war effort

Your Day at the MoviesNewsreel on Allied Progress

◦http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncLuwSu3j_k&feature=related

Cartoons!◦Collect your Scrap Metal!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bnpdwn1mR6c

◦Buy a War Bond! http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=KI8jKZ9HH3U&feature=related

◦Learn to hate the enemy! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSvs_mHJ3so http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=JPuVFN7Vank&feature=related

THE HOME FRONT

On the Political FrontOffice of Price Administration National War Labor BoardWar Production BoardDepartment of the Treasury Revenue Act of 1942Smith Connally Anti-Strike Act

(1943)

Effects on the American Citizen

The General Public Soldiers Returning

Unemployment rate 1.2%

Pay rose 35%Farmers can grow

better cropsWomen in the

workforceMass migrationsQuick marriagesRise in Juvenile

Delinquency

Period of Readjustment

GI Bill of RightsGiven money to start

businesses and buy homes

Women African-Americans

Mexican Americans

Native Americans

Gains

Setbacks

The Japanese InternmentBackgroundAimed at

Japanese living on the West Coast

Expectations

Korematsu v. The United States, 1944

What is the case?

What is the outcome? Why?

What does this say about the agenda of the Supreme Court during the 1940s?

U.S. apologizes in the 1960s.

THE WAR IN EUROPE

Complete Chart on Battles in Europe

THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC

Group 1: Who is General Douglas MacArthur? What did he do in the Pacific?

Group 2: Who is Chester Nimitz? How is he involved in the Battle of Midway?

Group 3: Describe the “island hopping” that the American troops engaged in during WWII

Group 4: Describe the Battle of Okinawa. Why is it important?

Group 5: Give a brief description of the Yalta Conference, the Nuremberg Trials, and the Occupation of Japan. How did each serve as a rebuilding tool for Europe and Asia?

V-J Day!!!!August 15, 1945

Listen to the broadcast:

http://www.otr.com/vj.html

THE DROPPING OF THE ATOMIC BOMB

DEBATE

What we are debating“Small Nuclear Explosion –

horrifying”“The Atomic Cannon”“Hiroshima Bomb”“Atomic Bomb or Hiroshima and

Nagasaki (real footage)