World War I Centennial: April 6, 1917 –Nov. 11, 1918 … · torians and descendants of the men in...
Transcript of World War I Centennial: April 6, 1917 –Nov. 11, 1918 … · torians and descendants of the men in...
The fateful day that sealed thedoom of more than twodozen Crittenden
County men and 116,000other Americans in WorldWar I is often left to theforgotten pages of his-tory. April 6, 2017, marks 100
years since the UnitedStates joined what untilthat time had been knownhere as the “European War.”But when American “dough-boys” began shedding their bloodon the battlefields of central Europe, theterm “World War” was soon adopted.The brutal war sparked three years earlier
by the assassination of Austrian royalty,had long before April 6, 1917, plunged theglobe into conflict. It ceased only afterclaiming the lives of 27 local soldiers andsailors and another 17 million men, womenand children from four continents. Another20 million civilians and military personnelwere wounded, many grievously.The war whose battles were confined pri-
marily to Europe and the Middle East wasof little interest to most Americans untilGermany resumed unrestricted submarinewarfare in early 1917. When the empireonce again began claiming American shipsand lives, war became inevitable.The Great War, as it was known before
World War II, at its height was adding10,000 Americans a day to the fight. In Crit-tenden County, an isolated corner of ruralKentucky seemingly unaffected by Euro-pean matters, few volunteered for duty.Most of the men from here who served –many of them farmers or spar miners –were drafted into Army service. All told, 2.8million American men were drafted.When they left Marion for training, it was
not without a grand sendoff. On Sept. 12,1917, the community gathered at the court-house and marched to the train depot tosee off the first group of local draftees, allto the music of the Marion Orchestra. “Everybody was there, feeble fathers,
gray haired mothers, sisters, brothers andsweet hearts and not a few were the tearsshed," reported The Crittenden Record-Press.The war would drag on another 14
months, ending on Nov. 11, 1918, a datemarked each year by Veterans Day. But thatwar gave us much more than a Novemberholiday. Man discovered ever-better ways to kill
his fellow man, mechanizing war with newweapons like, warplanes, submarines,tanks, flamethrowers, hand grenades andmachine guns. It also gave us chemicalwarfare.The “War to End All
Wars” fueled the riseof an obscure Germancorporal nearly killedin the war to the mostinfamous man inmodern history. He, ofcourse, was AdolfHitler, the architect ofthe Holocaust and an-other world war thatwould claim 60 mil-lion more lives. It fed the birth of commu-nism in Russia and today’s unrest in theMiddle East.It spelled the end for world powers (Aus-
tro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires), thedecline of others (Great Britain) and therise of both America and Russia/SovietUnion.The spread of disease through its global
nature led to the 1918 “Spanish Flu” pan-demic that claimed more lives than thewar itself. As many as 40 million died, in-cluding Crittenden Countians not just inuniform, but those on the homefront.There were notable figures like Lawrence
of Arabia, the Red Baron and Gen. John J.Pershing. It introduced us to WinstonChurchill and the grave of the UnknownSoldier.But World War I also did some good. It
helped to perfect blood transfusions, plas-tic surgery, telecommunications, prosthet-ics, mass production and psychotherapy. Itgave us daylight saving time and an in-
creased role for women in Amer-ica’s future. It introduced us towords and phrases like “shellshocked,” “dud,” “camou-flage,” “souvenir” and“ace.”This war changed every-
thing.There is no one left
today in CrittendenCounty to share firsthandaccounts of World War I at
home or abroad. We are leftwith only history books, news-
paper clippings, ancestry recordsand secondhand stories to tell the tales
and teach us the lessons learned in thosetwo years.But it is a mistake to look past this period
in American history and a disservice tomankind to let April 6 go unnoticed.
Crittenden County men whogave their lives in World War IMilitary and ancestry records from 100
years ago are not what they are today,with much of the information missing totime. What is found can often be contra-dicted in another place. This list of menkilled in World War I was compiled by TheCrittenden Press from local genealogicalfiles; draft cards, birth files and death cer-tificates accessed through Ancestry.com;and information gathered from local his-torians and descendants of the men inuniform.
Pvt. Edwin R. BairdHe died of disease at the age of 27 on Oct.13, 1918, at Camp Zachary Taylor inLouisville, which opened in 1917 to trainsoldiers for the war. The Army soldier isburied in Crayne Cemetery.
Sgt. Maj. Freeda Ellis BakerJan. 28, 1894–Oct. 16, 1918A physical disability claimedon his draft card didn’t saveBaker from his fate at thehands of disease that thrivedin the squalor of trench war-
fare in France. In fact, disease led to thedeaths of 2 million men. As a single manliving in Marion, he had been operatinghis own farm when he was called on bythe Army. His body was brought home Jan.10, 1921 and rests in Mapleview Cemetery.
Pvt. William CurryJan. 23, 1892–Oct. 20, 1918He was single and farming his own land inTolu when he joined the Army. While with
the 326th Field Ar-tillery Regiment, 84thDivision, he died ofpneumonia in aFrench hospital. Hisbody was movedfrom its original rest-ing place in France tothe Suresnes Ameri-can Cemetery thereon Oct. 18, 1921. Hisfamily was sent mul-tiple letters offering
to send his body home for burial in Arling-ton National Cemetery, but they chose toleave him buried in France.
Pvt. Harvey Soloman CongerJune 8, 1892–Nov. 5, 1918An unmarried farmer, he died of diseaseat Army Camp Zachary Taylor in Kentucky.He is buried in Pleasant Hill Cemetery.
Seaman 2nd Class Irving DavisDec. 16, 1895–Sept. 28, 1918He died of disease at Great Lakes, Ill., as amember of the Navy. From Marion, he wassingle and a farmer. He is buried inCrooked Creek Cemetery.
Pvt. Robert M. DavisDavis, an Army soldier, was killed in ac-tion at St. Mihiel, France, on Sept. 12, 1918,the day of the first standalone Americanoffensive. He left behind his wife Georgiaand is buried in Pleasant Grove Cemeteryin a unmarked grave.
Pvt. John Everett Franks Jr.Sept. 20, 1887–Sept. 14, 1918Upon being drafted, Franksclaimed exemption due to hisdependent mother. His fatherhad died two years after theboy’s birth, but with siblings
left to care for his mother, the Army en-listed him on Oct. 2, 1917. A resident of Mar-ion, Franks mined spar for Fairview MiningCo. in Crittenden County. He was single. Hewas sent to France where he died from achest wound from machine gun fire fromthe Central Powers. His body was returnedhome in August 1921, and he was laid torest in Union Baptist Church Cemetery.
Pvt. Oscar Wilborn GreenOct. 14, 1886–Sept. 12, 1918Green, a farmer from Dycus-burg, was drafted into theArmy. He was among the firstsoldiers to serve with “RedStar” 6th Infantry Division
formed for the war. Green was killed inFrance in the waning days of the war, one ofonly 38 men killed in action during the di-vision’s 43 days of combat. He was not mar-ried. His body arrived home Aug. 19, 1921,and is buried in Caldwell Springs Cemetery.
Samuel R. Haney1894–Oct. 21, 1918Though he is found in research as having aCrittenden County connection, his addresswas Fredonia at the time of his inductioninto the Army. He died at Camp McClellan,Ala. No cause of death can be found.
Pvt. Winstell HearellHe was struck and killed by a train May 19,1917, while guarding a bridge in Wickliffe.He was in the National Guard.
Pvt. James Guthrie HighfilFeb. 4, 1896–Oct. 31, 1918Highfil was working as a farmlaborer on his father Lafe’sfarm in Tolu at the time theArmy drafted him. He servedwith the 125th Infantry Regi-
ment, a unit of mostly Michigan NationalGuard soldiers mustered into federal serv-ice for the war. He was killed in action inFrance on either Oct. 21 or 31, as datesfound differ. His body was returned homeand buried July 30, 1921, in White ChapelCemetery in the Irma community. He wassingle.
Pvt. Odie HolomanAug. 14, 1892–Oct. 27, 1918Buried in the Meuse-Argonne AmericanCemetery in France, no cause of death canbe found. A Crittenden County native, hewas a farm laborer living in Fredonia at thetime he was drafted. A single man, he hadsought exemption, claiming he supportedhis mother and sister. He was a soldier withthe Army’s 38th Infantry Regiment, 3rd In-fantry Division. The unit still holds the nick-name “Rock of the Marne,” earned whilefighting German forces in its first battle ofthe war.
Pvt. Joseph Allen HooverFrom Tolu, he died of disease on Oct. 10,1918, at Camp Zachary Taylor in Louisville,where most of the men from the countywere sent to train. He was laid to rest inWhite Chapel Cemetery.
Pvt. Luther HorningJuly 18, 1891–Sept. 14, 1918He died of pneumonia in France, and hisbody was returned home for burial Nov. 19,1920, in Love Cemetery. At least one recordshows his date of death on Sept. 16. Hecame from a large family of 10 children.Single, he was a miner at Beard Mines. He isburied in Love Cemetery.
Pvt. Amplias Marble MooreJan. 4, 1894–Oct. 8, 1918When he was drafted into theArmy, Moore was farming hisown land in Tolu. He died ofwounds received in battle inFrance. He was never married
and had eight siblings. He is buried in Wat-son Cemetery.
Pvt. Lonnie MooreFrom Repton, he died of disease at a U.S.Army hospital in North Carolina.
George Bassett NewcomDec. 28, 1897–April 2, 1917He died at the Great Lakes, Ill., naval hospi-tal of measles and is buried in MapleviewCemetery. This was nearly 50 years beforethe measles vaccine was discovered. Thedisease was a deadly U.S. military epidemicduring the war.
Ellis B. OrdwayAug. 18, 1895–July 26, 1918As the first Crittenden Countiankilled in America’s foreign warsof the 20th century, Ordwaywas recognized by his commu-nity when American Legion
Post 111 was formed in 1924 and named inhis honor. He volunteered for the Army inJune 1917 and left Crayne to join the Alliesas a soldier in the 16th Infantry Division,the first “Doughboys” thrown into battle. InFrance, he was injured twice in the leg onJuly 17, 1918, and died nine days later, oneof 1,037 men from the division killed in thewar. Ordway’s body was not returned homeuntil April 1921. He was from a family ofnine children and a large funeral was heldat Crayne Presbyterian Church, where hehad been a member. His body was wrappedin the 48 stars and 13 bars of Old Glory andrests in Crayne Cemetery.
Ellet Newton PaceSept. 24,1897–Sept. 22,1918Buried in Salem Cemetery, he was servingas a landsman machinist’s mate in the U.S.Naval Reserve when he died of influenza onSept. 21, 1918, at the naval hospital in GreatLakes, Ill.
Pvt. John Elmer “Frankling” SamuelUnmarried, he died at the age of 31 of dis-ease on Sept. 26, 1918, in France. He hadmailed home a letter a week before hisdeath, but the letter did not arrive to hisfamily until Oct. 24, 1918.
Pvt. Sheffer S. SullengerSept. 22, 1894–Oct. 4, 1918.Born in Marion, he was working as a minerat the Rosiclare Lead & Fluospar Min-ing Co. across the river in Illinois, where hewas living when he was drafted. He was in-terred at the Oise-Aisne American Ceme-tery and Memorial in Fere-en-Tardenois,France. He died of pneumonia.
Pvt. Charles Eugene ThrelkeldAug. 11, 1895–1917From Tolu, he died sometime in 1917 ofmeasles and pneumonia at Camp ZacharyTaylor in Kentucky. He was not married andwas in the Army’s 36th Infantry Regimentof the 84th Infantry Division.
Harry Worten ThrelkeldJune 22, 1893–Dec. 12, 1918He died of pneumonia in St. Florent, France.His body was brought home to be buried inMapleview Cemetery in November 1920.Born in Lola, he was living in Marion at thetime he was drafted and was working as aminer at the Pigmy Mining Co. in Mexico.
Cpl. Clarence Lonnie TurleyNov. 13, 1894–Aug. 30, 1918Born in Marion, Turley was a single manworking as a car inspector in Pasco, Wash.,at the time he entered the Army. He waskilled in France and his body rests there inthe Oise-Aisne American Cemetery andMemorial. He served in the Army's 128thInfantry Regiment, 32nd Division and has amemorial marker in Piney Fork Cemeterynear the rest of his family.
Pvt. James Cecil TurnerOct. 30, 1893–Oct. 20, 1918He died of disease in France. From Marion,he is buried in Union Baptist Church Ceme-tery. Unmarried, he was a farmer.
Pvt. Edgar Sherman WoffordAug. 12, 1893–July 16, 1918According to his death certificate, he died ofcomplications from appendicitis. He was afarmer from Sheridan and was not married.He is buried in Dunn Springs Cemetery.
Seaman 2nd Class Winston WoodsonFrom Repton, he died of disease at theNavy’s hospital at Mare Island, Calif. Nodates or additional information could befound.
There is no monument in CrittendenCounty to the individuals or collectivegroup of local men who died in The GreatWar.
World War I Centennial: April 6, 1917–Nov. 11, 1918
crittenden county and
The Great War
COMPILED AND PRODUCED BY CRITTENDEN COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY WITH HELP FROM THE CRITTENDEN PRESS
World War I CasualtiesU.S. servicemembers (worldwide)......4,734,991Battle deaths ...............................................53,402Other service-related deaths .....................63,114Non-mortal woundings...........................204,002
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs