Sea

Kara

Bay

Bay

A r c t i c

Beaufort

Laptev

Barents Sea

Greenland

Baffin

Hudson

Sea

Sea

Sea

Sea ofOkhotsk

Lake

Lake

Great Bear

Great Slave

SeaBaltic

Black Sea

Sea

BeringStrait

Chukchi

average minimumextent of sea ice

Lena

Kolyma

Aldan

Vilyuy

Yuko

n

Lena

Rive

r

Yenisey

Lake

LakeLadoga

Onega

Volga

RiverMackenzie

NorthSea

East Siberian

N o r t h P a c i f i c

LakeAthabasca

O c e a n

Bering Sea

O c e a n

Denmark Strait

Davis Strait

N o r t h A t l a n t i c O c e a n

LabradorSea Norwegian

Sea

Pechora

Ob'

Ob'

Irtysh

Kam

a

Don

Dnieper

Sea

Amur

AlaskaGulf of

Peace

erv

Ri

Sukh

ona

Dvina

Vycheg

da

Severnaya

R U S S I AC A N A D A

U.K.IRE.

ICELANDNORWAY

SWEDEN

FINLAND

LATVIA

LITH.

BELARUS

UKRAINEPOLAND

DENMARK

GERMANY

EST.

KAZ.

JAPAN

(DENMARK)Greenland

(NORWAY)

Svalbard(NORWAY)

(NORWAY)

CHINA

UNITED STATES

FaroeIslands

Jan Mayen

RUS.

(DENMARK)

10˚C (50˚F) isotherm, July

Belfast

Dublin

Juneau

Anchorage

Dawson

Inuvik

Barrow

Provideniya Anadyr'

Cherskiy

Arkhangel'sk

St. Petersburg

Magadan

Khabarovsk

NizhniyNovgorod

Kazan'

Perm'

Whitehorse

Yellowknife

Echo Bay

Nome

BayPrudhoe

Fairbanks

Alert

Nord

Tasiilaq

Kangerlussuaq

(Ammassalik)

Okhotsk

Oymyakon

Verkhoyansk

Bjørnøya

Tiksi

Moscow

Tallinn

Vilnius

Qaanaaq(Thule)

Kaujuitoq(Resolute)

CambridgeBay

(Frobisher Bay)Iqaluit

Kangiqcliniq(Rankin Inlet)

Narsarsuaq

(Frederikshåb)

Itseqqortoormiit(Scoresbysund)

Noril'sk

Dikson

LakeWatson

HayRiver

Rostov

Volgograd

Saratov

Samara

Yakutsk

Helsinki

Oslo

Riga

Kharkiv

Kiev

Minsk

WarsawBerlin

Copenhagen

Kodiak Bethel

Valdez

Pevek

Repulse Bay

Tromsø

(Søndre Strømfjord)

Reykjavík

Nuuk(Godthåb)

StockholmTórshavn

Paamiut

Longyearbyen

Murmansk

Sakhalin

administered by Russia, claimed by Japan.

KU R I L I S L A N D S

A

L EUTIAN

IS L A N DSoccupied by the Soviet Union in 1945,

KamchatskiyPetropavlovsk-

IslandWrangel

NOVAYAZEMLYA

FRANZJOSEFLAND

SEVERNAYAZEMLYA

NEWSIBERIANISLANDS

EllesmereIsland

ISLANDS

QUEEN

ELIZABETH

BanksIsland

VictoriaIsland

SHETLANDISLANDS

BaffinIsland

CircleArctic

3030

60

70

60

50

CircleArctic

150

120

180150

120

60

NorthPole

80

90 E90 W

0

80

70

60

50

0

0

500 Kilometers

Azimuthal Equal-Area Projection

500 Miles

average temperature for the warmest month is below 10ºC.The Arctic region is often defined as that area where the

ARCTIC REGION

Scale 1:39,000,000

802916AI (R02112) 6-02