World History World History Chapter 12- The Age of Industry Chapter 12- The Age of Industry

Section 4- A New SocietySection 4- A New Society

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Create 5 TOUGH /NUDGY Questions Create 5 TOUGH /NUDGY Questions from sections 1 through 3 to ask your from sections 1 through 3 to ask your teacher or a class mate! teacher or a class mate!

Be sure to write the correct answers!Be sure to write the correct answers!

How many Hazards/problems can you spot? What is unsafe here?

Labor issues, find 4!Labor issues, find 4!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIjCQAOGCK8 v=xIjCQAOGCK8

Enclosure movement:Enclosure movement:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcNY52rkN4Q v=UcNY52rkN4Q

Find die roll details….Find die roll details….

TermsTermslabor unionlabor union: organization of workers : organization of workers formed to pressure business owners to formed to pressure business owners to improve ways & working conditions.improve ways & working conditions.collective bargainingcollective bargaining: negotiations : negotiations between union representatives & between union representatives & employers.employers.Industrial age provides opportunities. Industrial age provides opportunities. Richard Arkwright, one of 13 children, Richard Arkwright, one of 13 children, succeeds in the textile industry. “Rags succeeds in the textile industry. “Rags to Riches”. He was wealthy & knighted to Riches”. He was wealthy & knighted by King George IIIby King George III

Rise of Middle ClassRise of Middle ClassSmall number of business people successful Small number of business people successful like Arkwright and like Arkwright and industrializationindustrialization resulted resulted in expanding the in expanding the size, power & wealthsize, power & wealth of the of the middle class.middle class.

Middle class comprised of bankers, lawyers, Middle class comprised of bankers, lawyers, doctors & merchants. Also included owners doctors & merchants. Also included owners of of factories, mines & railroadsfactories, mines & railroads. Professional . Professional workers also part of middle class including workers also part of middle class including clerks, managers & teachersclerks, managers & teachers..

Members of the middle class believed that Members of the middle class believed that educationeducation important to business success. important to business success. Involved reform efforts: Involved reform efforts: education, health education, health care, prison improvements & sanitationcare, prison improvements & sanitation

Middle Class LifestylesMiddle Class LifestylesEuropean & American men take on role of European & American men take on role of solesole providerprovider for families. for families.Stereotypes of men & women emerge as each had Stereotypes of men & women emerge as each had different roles. Men in different roles. Men in workforceworkforce. Women maintained . Women maintained home home & brought up children.& brought up children.Middle class women hired Middle class women hired domestic helpdomestic help if they if they could afford it. These women devoted time to could afford it. These women devoted time to educatingeducating their children, embroidery & planning their children, embroidery & planning meals. Housewives had magazines to meals. Housewives had magazines to instructinstruct them them in cooking, housekeeping, geography & natural in cooking, housekeeping, geography & natural science.science.Boys trained forBoys trained for employment employment. Girls expected to . Girls expected to cook cook & sew& sew and do household chores to be prepared for and do household chores to be prepared for marriage.marriage.

Lives of Working ClassLives of Working Class

Working class increased. Enjoyed few Working class increased. Enjoyed few luxuriesluxuries..

Most people in working class worked Most people in working class worked on on farmsfarms & were now factory workers. & were now factory workers.

Money earned only for necessities. Did Money earned only for necessities. Did not not grow or makegrow or make what their families what their families needed.needed.

Workers & MachineryWorkers & MachineryIndustrial Industrial competitioncompetition increases- work increases- work harder & harder & dangerousdangerous..Division of labor made work Division of labor made work monotonousmonotonous. Heavy, noisy, . Heavy, noisy, repetitive machinery- potentially repetitive machinery- potentially dangerousdangerous. Workers . Workers (mainly children) lost fingers, limbs & even their lives to (mainly children) lost fingers, limbs & even their lives to factory machinery.factory machinery.

Factory workers adhered to Factory workers adhered to rigid schedulesrigid schedules. Textile mills- . Textile mills- workers spent workers spent 10 to 14 hours10 to 14 hours a day in a day in unventilatedunventilated areas areas filled with dust & dirt. Diseases such as filled with dust & dirt. Diseases such as pneumonia & pneumonia & tuberculosistuberculosis. Coal miners got . Coal miners got black lung diseaseblack lung disease..Employees earned little money. Wages Employees earned little money. Wages lowlow. Women . Women made made half half the amount of wages as men in the same job. the amount of wages as men in the same job. Children paid Children paid lessless..

Worker’s LivesWorker’s LivesWhole families worked in factories and mines. Working Whole families worked in factories and mines. Working class children did not go to school as they worked. class children did not go to school as they worked. Many became crippled or ill due to Many became crippled or ill due to unhealthful & unhealthful & dangerousdangerous conditions. conditions.Women had more Women had more opportunitiesopportunities working in industry. working in industry. Now they could earn a living and make friends.Now they could earn a living and make friends.DifficultDifficult working life and working life and uncomfortableuncomfortable home life. Lived home life. Lived in crowded, cold apartments.in crowded, cold apartments.Poor living conditions. Human and industrial waste Poor living conditions. Human and industrial waste contaminated water supplies and spread diseases such contaminated water supplies and spread diseases such as as cholera & typhoidcholera & typhoid. Late 1800’s, a Holyoke, . Late 1800’s, a Holyoke, Massachusetts mill town, had the Massachusetts mill town, had the highest infant highest infant mortalitymortality rate in the U.S. rate in the U.S.

Workers UniteWorkers Unite

Workers faced harsh conditions. Workers Workers faced harsh conditions. Workers grouped grouped togethertogether to fight against factory owners & make to fight against factory owners & make problems known.problems known.

Great Britain, workers joined Great Britain, workers joined worker associationsworker associations, , dedicated to representing the interests of workers in a dedicated to representing the interests of workers in a specific industry. Associations wanted to improve specific industry. Associations wanted to improve wages & working conditionswages & working conditions. *. *Add: they wanted: 10 Add: they wanted: 10 hour work days, end to child labor and safer hour work days, end to child labor and safer conditions!!conditions!!

Worker associations became Worker associations became labor unionslabor unions..

Union TacticsUnion TacticsLabor unions protested by Labor unions protested by organized strikesorganized strikes where all workers refused to work. where all workers refused to work. Participated in Participated in sit-down strikessit-down strikes where where workers stopped working but refused to workers stopped working but refused to leave their work area.leave their work area.Manufacturers discouraged workers from Manufacturers discouraged workers from joining unions by joining unions by blacklistingblacklisting suspected suspected union members to union members to preventprevent from getting jobs. from getting jobs.British Parliament British Parliament banned unionsbanned unions in the in the Combination ActsCombination Acts of 1799 and 1800. of 1799 and 1800.

Union Tactics con’tUnion Tactics con’tBritish workers finally won their cause in the British workers finally won their cause in the 1820s when 1820s when ParliamentParliament agreed workers could agreed workers could meet to discuss meet to discuss working hours & wagesworking hours & wages..British workers form British workers form trade & crafttrade & craft unions. unions.Union leaders and employers met to discuss Union leaders and employers met to discuss problems and reach an agreement through problems and reach an agreement through collective bargainingcollective bargaining..1870s- British unions power increased after 1870s- British unions power increased after Parliament legalized strikes.Parliament legalized strikes.Unskilled workers also form unions. 1900s- Unskilled workers also form unions. 1900s- union membership union membership increasesincreases in Europe & the in Europe & the United States.United States.

Wrap Up Vla and cahpter 12 Wrap Up Vla and cahpter 12 “noted” review challenge…“noted” review challenge…

VLA: Child labor: VLA: Child labor: https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF_U4VGl1Jk v=zF_U4VGl1Jk

Noted Challenge: If you earned this: Using Noted Challenge: If you earned this: Using the item provided by your kind and the item provided by your kind and generous teacher… fill in all you think you generous teacher… fill in all you think you need to know aboyt chap 12 BEFORE end need to know aboyt chap 12 BEFORE end of class… focus mostly on sections 1-3. of class… focus mostly on sections 1-3.