World HistoryAbsolutism- Monarchy in England: Terms to

Know

Elizabeth I When Mary died in 1558,

Elizabeth I inherited the crown and returned England to Anglican, English Protestant

Not a typical quality of an absolute monarch, but very beneficial to her reign was Elizabeth’s willingness to let the members of Parliament speak their minds without fear of punishment.

James I Elizabeth dies without an heir so her relative, the King

of Scotland, James I became the King of England in 1603.

Constantly conflicted with Parliament One reform James agreed to was the

publication of an English version of the Bible known as the King James Bible

Charles I James’s son When Parliament

wouldn’t give him what he wanted to attacked them› This started the

English Civil War

› Without the support of Parliament the king had to rely on contributions to pay for his army

Roundheads were members of Parliament who opposed the king.

Royalists mostly made up of wealthy nobles, were supporters of the king.

The English Civil War

King VS Parliament

Oliver Cromwell

Leader of the Roundheads was Oliver Cromwell

Rose to power by being a successful military leader, in 1644 he led a victory for the Roundheads where they killed 4000 of the king’s soldiers.

In 1646 the king surrenders and Cromwell accumulated full control.

Rump Parliament Cromwell dismissed all members of Parliament

who disagreed with him and created what was called a Rump Parliament .

Charles II In 1660, Parliament

invited the son king Charles I (dead/executed) to rule, which he accepted, and that same year was crowned Charles II

Passed the Habeas Corpus Act of 1679

Habeas Corpus 1679, which guaranteed that someone

accused of a crime had the right to appear in court to determine if they were to be held or released.

The Restoration

Richard Cromwell took over after his father’s death in 1658.

Wasn’t the brightest crayon in the boxEventually parliament reconvened and voted to bring back the monarchy , this event eventually became known as The Restoration.

The Glorious Revolution In 1688 a group of nobles invited James’s

daughter Mary and her husband William to rule, they would become William and Mary of Orange

James didn’t put up a fight and fled to France. Because there was no bloodshed during this major political shift it became known as the Glorious Revolution.