World Cultures Mid Term Review. The Middle East What were the Christian holy wars (aimed at...
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Transcript of World Cultures Mid Term Review. The Middle East What were the Christian holy wars (aimed at...
![Page 1: World Cultures Mid Term Review. The Middle East What were the Christian holy wars (aimed at recapturing the Holy Land) called? Crusades.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649e895503460f94b8d994/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World Cultures
Mid Term Review
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The Middle East
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What were the Christian holy wars (aimed at recapturing the
Holy Land) called?
• Crusades
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Why did Israel become a center of conflict after World War II?
• Jews wanted to create an independent state there
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What Middle Eastern people establish a great empire along
the Tigris and Euphrates River Valley?
• Sumerians
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What did Muhammad write at the request of the Allah?
• Koran
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What does OPEC stand for?
• Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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What religion do 90% of Middle Easterners follow?
• Islam
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What resource has made the Persian Gulf important?
• Oil
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Which country held American diplomats hostage for 444 days
in 1979?
• Iran
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What is Zionism?
The international movement for the establishment of a Jewish national community in Palestine and later for the support of modern Israel.
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What two groups fought fiercely over the Holy Land?
• Israelis and Palestinians
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What area did the earliest of Middle East civilization settle? • The Fertile Crescent
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What was the main goal of the PLO?
• Regain Palestinian territory and establish a Palestinian state
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What led to the United States getting involved in the 1991
Persian Gulf War?
• Iraq invaded Kuwait
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Why did the French and the British fight over Egypt for in
the 1880s?
Both countries wanted to build a canal across the Suez
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What was the result of the United States and the Soviet
Union supplying arms and aid to the Middle East for over
forty years?
• The militaries of these countries were strengthened, but the countries were unstable
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What are basic elements of Christianity?
Jesus was the messiah, Jesus was the son of God, Belief in teachings of Jesus
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What are basic elements of Judaism?
Passover, religion of Hebrews, Jews were the chosen people
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What are basic elements of Islam?
• The Five Pillars, the Koran, Praying towards the city of Mecca
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China
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What was the mandate of heaven said to explain?
• The dynastic cycle
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What did one have to do in order to become a government official in traditional China?
• Pass a series of strenuous exams
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What was the cause of the 1911 Chinese Civil War?
• China declared itself a republic with no set form of government
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What German philosopher was said to inspire Mao Zedong?
• Karl Marx
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Who is the founder of Daoism?
Lao-zi
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What was the result of the Opium Wars?
China was forced into a series of unequal treaties with European nations
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What modern policy has China enacted to help solve the
overpopulation problem?
• One child policy
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How were women treated in traditional China?
Inferior to men
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How did traditional Chinese rulers come into power?
• Mandate of Heaven
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Who was the first leader in the Republic of China?
• Dr. Sun Yatsen
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What are major themes of Confucianism?
Inner attitude of being humane and loving
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Where do most people live in China?
• Eastern third of the country
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What is calligraphy?
• The art of writing with a brush and ink
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What historical structure was built in China in the earlier
part of civilization?
The Great Wall
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Japan
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What is the main physical feature in Japan?
• Mountains
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What is the major religion of Japan today?
Combination of Buddhism and Shinto
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How was a person’s social class determined during the Tokugawa shogunate?
• Heredity
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What was the main problem that the Japanese had with
Shinto? Did not give answers to questions about
life and death
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What is Japan’s government today?
• Constitutional Monarchy
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How did the majority of Japanese feel about Americans
in the 1800s?
. Americans were a threat to their culture
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What natural occurrence does Japan experience many of?
Earthquakes
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After what incident did Japan finally surrender during World
War II?
• Bombing of Nagasaki
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What was the main goal of the Allies after WWII?
Make sure Japan would never threaten world peace again
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Geography
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What does interdependence mean?
Depending on other countries for goods, resources, and knowledge
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What are physical features?
• natural elements of the environment
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What are political features?
Boundaries made by humans
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What is culture?
All things that make up a people’s way of life
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How does religion strengthen society?
• Teaches values that all people accept
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What is ethnocentrism?
Judging other cultures by standards of one’s own culture
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How have people used the environment over the years?
People have adapted to and changed the environment in which they live
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What is westernization?
• The adoption of western cultures