World ABC ReviewWorld ABC Review

In your groups of four please brainstorm In your groups of four please brainstorm people, terms, events that we have talked people, terms, events that we have talked about prior to Industrialization.about prior to Industrialization. AA BB CC DD

AGE OF INDUSTRYAGE OF INDUSTRYCH. 12 AND 13.1CH. 12 AND 13.1PAGES 374-401PAGES 374-401

Standard: Strand 2: World History; Concept 6: Age of Revolution; PO Standard: Strand 2: World History; Concept 6: Age of Revolution; PO 6: Analyze the social, political, and economic development and impact 6: Analyze the social, political, and economic development and impact

of the Industrial Revolution:of the Industrial Revolution:a. origins in England’s textile and mining industries.a. origins in England’s textile and mining industries.

b. urban growth and the social impact of industrializationb. urban growth and the social impact of industrializationc. unequal spread of industrialization to other countriesc. unequal spread of industrialization to other countries

d. political and economic theories (nationalism, anarchism, d. political and economic theories (nationalism, anarchism, capitalism, socialism)capitalism, socialism)

Please open your textbook to page Please open your textbook to page 374374

As a class we will read the Storyteller…As a class we will read the Storyteller… We will brainstorm the historical significance We will brainstorm the historical significance

questions.questions.

Terms, people, and events to know for Terms, people, and events to know for Industrial Revolution: Ch. 12Industrial Revolution: Ch. 12

Illustrated Vocabulary:Illustrated Vocabulary:

1.1. Domestic systemDomestic system

2.2. Enclosure movementEnclosure movement

3.3. CapitalCapital

4.4. EntrepreneurEntrepreneur

5.5. Factory systemFactory system

6.6. Industrial capitalismIndustrial capitalism

7.7. Interchangeable partsInterchangeable parts

8.8. Division of laborDivision of labor

9.9. PartnershipPartnership

10.10. CorporationCorporation

11.11. DepressionDepression

12.12. Labor union-tacticsLabor union-tactics

13.13. Collective bargainingCollective bargaining

1.1. Eli WhitneyEli Whitney2.2. James WattJames Watt3.3. Robert FultonRobert Fulton4.4. Frederick Frederick

TaylorTaylor5.5. Henry FordHenry Ford6.6. Samuel MorseSamuel Morse7.7. Alexander Alexander

Graham BellGraham Bell8.8. Thomas EdisonThomas Edison9.9. Rudolf DieselRudolf Diesel10.10. Wilbur and Wilbur and

Orville WrightOrville Wright

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution occurred in The Industrial Revolution occurred in several stages, each of which was several stages, each of which was dependent upon the previous stage.dependent upon the previous stage. Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution Cottage IndustryCottage Industry Factory SystemFactory System Steam Engine Steam Engine

Traditional or Pre-Industrial SocietyTraditional or Pre-Industrial Society Farming in the Middle AgesFarming in the Middle Ages

Villages feed themselves Villages feed themselves One of three fields left fallow One of three fields left fallow

(empty) to regain fertility(empty) to regain fertility Animals grazed in common Animals grazed in common

pastures.pastures. Farmers did not experiment with Farmers did not experiment with

new farming methods.new farming methods. DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Land use was inefficientLand use was inefficient Farmers didn’t experiment with Farmers didn’t experiment with

new farming methods.new farming methods. Forces for ChangeForces for Change

Population growing – more food Population growing – more food needed.needed.

French blockade –no corn– more French blockade –no corn– more food needed.food needed.

The Agricultural RevolutionThe Agricultural Revolution Enclosure MovementEnclosure Movement -pg. 379-pg. 379

Wealthy landlords Wealthy landlords fenced in common fenced in common pastures and experimented with new pastures and experimented with new farming technology.farming technology.

Villages lost common lands and political Villages lost common lands and political power, peasants became poorer.power, peasants became poorer.

Crop RotationCrop Rotation -pg. 379-pg. 379 Fields depleted of nutrients by one crop, Fields depleted of nutrients by one crop,

replenished by planting different cropsreplenished by planting different crops Fields not left fallowFields not left fallow

Other DiscoveriesOther Discoveries Seed drillSeed drill - -Planted seeds more efficientlyPlanted seeds more efficiently New cropsNew crops —corn and potatoes—corn and potatoes

Results of Agricultural RevolutionResults of Agricultural Revolution More foodMore food Population increasedPopulation increased

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agricultural revolutionagricultural revolution

Cottage Industry = Early CapitalismCottage Industry = Early Capitalism MercantilismMercantilism------

Economic theory of the 1600sEconomic theory of the 1600s Stated a nation should maintain and increase its wealth by exporting more goods Stated a nation should maintain and increase its wealth by exporting more goods

than it was importingthan it was importing Placed limits of purchasing goodsPlaced limits of purchasing goods

Cottage IndustryCottage Industry Merchants supplied Merchants supplied materials—wool and cotton to cottages to be carded and materials—wool and cotton to cottages to be carded and

spun.spun. Multiple cottages provided services to produce cloth; Multiple cottages provided services to produce cloth; supplies went from spinning supplies went from spinning

cottage to weaving cottage to dying cottage to sell finished cloth.cottage to weaving cottage to dying cottage to sell finished cloth. Merchants sell product for more than material and labor costs= profit + larger Merchants sell product for more than material and labor costs= profit + larger

investment = higher profitinvestment = higher profit CapitalismCapitalism-money to invest in labor, machines, and raw materials-money to invest in labor, machines, and raw materials

An economic system based on private ownership, free competition, and profitAn economic system based on private ownership, free competition, and profit Cottage industry is an example of early capitalismCottage industry is an example of early capitalism

Effects of Cottage IndustryEffects of Cottage Industry Big profits for new class of merchantsBig profits for new class of merchants Alternative source of income for peasantsAlternative source of income for peasants

YouTube - Conan O'Brien, American Express - "Curtain“YouTube - Conan O'Brien, American Express - "Curtain“

Cottage IndustryCottage Industry

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Cottage IndustryCottage Industry

TEXTILE INDUSTRY AND FACTORY SYSTEMTEXTILE INDUSTRY AND FACTORY SYSTEM Textile Industry inventedTextile Industry invented

Cottage industry could not keep up with new demandCottage industry could not keep up with new demand Spinning jenny, water frame, spinning mule—all improved spinningSpinning jenny, water frame, spinning mule—all improved spinning Power loom sped up weavingPower loom sped up weaving Cotton gin separated seeds from cotton—Eli WhitneyCotton gin separated seeds from cotton—Eli Whitney

Rise of the Factory SystemRise of the Factory System Brought workers and machines together under the control of managers.Brought workers and machines together under the control of managers. Factories located near power source: coal, iron, waterFactories located near power source: coal, iron, water…..…..

• Waterways powered the machines and transported items.Waterways powered the machines and transported items. Led to the invention of the more efficient steam engineLed to the invention of the more efficient steam engine —help set industrial —help set industrial

revolution into full motion.revolution into full motion. Industrial developmentsIndustrial developments

Factory machinery increased demand for iron and steel.Factory machinery increased demand for iron and steel. Private companies began building and paving roads; led to drainage systems.Private companies began building and paving roads; led to drainage systems. First modern canal built in 1761.First modern canal built in 1761. First practical Steam boat invented in 1807First practical Steam boat invented in 1807

Effects of Textile Factories in BritainEffects of Textile Factories in Britain Prices of mass-produced textiles were much lower than hand- produced itemsPrices of mass-produced textiles were much lower than hand- produced items Britain’s textile industry increased enormouslyBritain’s textile industry increased enormously Majority of villagers forced to leave to find work in urban factories.Majority of villagers forced to leave to find work in urban factories.

Textile and FactoryTextile and Factory

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Textile industryTextile industry Factory systemFactory system

Steam Engine: Energy for the Industrial Steam Engine: Energy for the Industrial RevolutionRevolution

The The need for Energyneed for Energy Early factories relied on horses, oxen, and water millsEarly factories relied on horses, oxen, and water mills Steam engine evolved in response to the increasing need for Steam engine evolved in response to the increasing need for

powerpower

How the Steam Engine WorksHow the Steam Engine Works Steam forced from high to low pressure produces power.Steam forced from high to low pressure produces power.

Effect of Steam EngineEffect of Steam Engine Steam power, used where ever coal existed, Steam power, used where ever coal existed, increased increased

textile productiontextile production Improved mining which increased metals which in turn fueled Improved mining which increased metals which in turn fueled

other industries.other industries.

Steam EngineSteam EngineInvented by James Watt in the 1760s

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Energy for the Industrial RevolutionEnergy for the Industrial Revolution

Iron and Coal: Energy for the IRIron and Coal: Energy for the IR The The need for Ironneed for Iron

Farming tools, new factory Farming tools, new factory machinery, railwaysmachinery, railways

Smelting makes iron more pure, Smelting makes iron more pure, but requires carbonbut requires carbon

The The need for coalneed for coal Carbon necessary for smelting Carbon necessary for smelting

ironiron Steam engines powered by coalSteam engines powered by coal

Effect of Iron and CoalEffect of Iron and Coal Britain produced more iron than Britain produced more iron than

all other countries of the world all other countries of the world combinedcombined

Coal powered Britain’s enormous Coal powered Britain’s enormous navy.navy.

TransportationTransportation The need for better TransportationThe need for better Transportation

Increased production increased need to transport goods quickly Increased production increased need to transport goods quickly and cheaplyand cheaply

Pre-industrial society used horses, mules, and dirt roadsPre-industrial society used horses, mules, and dirt roads InventionsInventions

Stone and eventually asphalt roadsStone and eventually asphalt roads CanalsCanals Railroad era ushered in with the Rocket in 1829Railroad era ushered in with the Rocket in 1829

Effects of RREffects of RR Expanded rapidly throughout BritainExpanded rapidly throughout Britain Cheaper transportation increased production and profitsCheaper transportation increased production and profits Railways fueled other industries: coal, steam engines, iron, Railways fueled other industries: coal, steam engines, iron,

steel, and many manufactured products.steel, and many manufactured products.

Steam EngineSteam EnginePlease open your book to page 395 and look at the map showing the Industrial Revolution: England 1850-1870

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Why Britain led the Industrial Why Britain led the Industrial RevolutionRevolution

GeographyGeography Climate good for textile productionClimate good for textile production.. Plenty of Plenty of natural resources such as iron and coalnatural resources such as iron and coal.. Separation from the European continent kept them out of wars.Separation from the European continent kept them out of wars.

GovernmentGovernment internal trade encouraged internal trade encouraged Population allowed to relocatePopulation allowed to relocate Helped build canals and roadHelped build canals and road

Social FactorsSocial Factors British society less rigid than other European countriesBritish society less rigid than other European countries

Colonial EmpireColonial Empire Supplied raw materialSupplied raw material for manufactured goods for manufactured goods Provided market for goodsProvided market for goods

Advantages of Industrializing FirstAdvantages of Industrializing First No other countries competing for manufactured goodsNo other countries competing for manufactured goods Monopoly on technologyMonopoly on technology

Closure:Closure:

Think about writing an editorial on why the Think about writing an editorial on why the Industrial Revolution was able to start in Industrial Revolution was able to start in Great Britain…..another day. Great Britain…..another day.

People of IRPeople of IR Eli WhitneyEli Whitney James WattJames Watt Robert FultonRobert Fulton Frederick TaylorFrederick Taylor Henry FordHenry Ford Samuel MorseSamuel Morse Alexander Graham BellAlexander Graham Bell Thomas EdisonThomas Edison Rudolf DieselRudolf Diesel Wilbur and Orville WrightWilbur and Orville Wright