Workshop Pt 5 - Esri Supportdownloads2.esri.com/MappingCenter2007/resources/... · The Symbol...
Transcript of Workshop Pt 5 - Esri Supportdownloads2.esri.com/MappingCenter2007/resources/... · The Symbol...
AgendaAgenda
•• IntroductionIntroduction–– Exercise 1 Exercise 1 –– Map Types Map Types
•• Part 1 Part 1 –– ArcGIS Information and OrganizationArcGIS Information and Organization•• Part 2 Part 2 –– Purpose, Audience & ConstraintsPurpose, Audience & Constraints
–– Exercise 2 Exercise 2 –– Map CritiqueMap Critique
BreakBreak
•• Part 3 Part 3 –– Basic Cartographic Design PrinciplesBasic Cartographic Design Principles•• Part 4 Part 4 –– Map CompilationMap Compilation•• Part 5 Part 5 –– SymbolizationSymbolization
–– Exercise 3 Exercise 3 –– Map DesignMap Design
Map Making with ArcGISMap Making with ArcGIS
Part 5 Part 5 –– SymbolizationSymbolization
The Four Aspects of SymbolizationThe Four Aspects of Symbolization
featuredimensionality
levelof
measurement
graphicmark
visualvariables
mappingmethodsymbolization
=+ + +
Symbolization requiresSymbolization requires……
•• Level of measurement Level of measurement ---- selecting (and maybe selecting (and maybe changing) the level of measurement of the changing) the level of measurement of the original data valuesoriginal data values
•• Feature dimensionality Feature dimensionality ---- conceptualizing the conceptualizing the feature that is to be portrayed in terms of the feature that is to be portrayed in terms of the extent of the phenomenaextent of the phenomena
Levels of measurement for cartographyLevels of measurement for cartography
•• Nominal Nominal qualitativequalitative•• Ordinal, interval, ratio Ordinal, interval, ratio quantitative quantitative
(numerical)(numerical)
Feature DimensionalityFeature Dimensionality
•• 0 to 3 dimensions0 to 3 dimensions–– Point (0Point (0--D)D)–– Line (1Line (1--D)D)–– Area (2Area (2--D)D)–– Surface (2Surface (2--½½))–– Volume (3Volume (3--D)D)
Putting the Four Factors togetherPutting the Four Factors together
featuredimensionality
levelof
measurement
graphicmark
visualvariables
mappingmethodsymbolization
=+ + +
Graphic MarksGraphic Marks
•• PointPoint•• LineLine•• PolygonPolygon•• (Pixels, facets, etc.)(Pixels, facets, etc.)
Visual Variables (a la Brewer)Visual Variables (a la Brewer)
For CartographyFor Cartography•• QualitativeQualitative
–– HueHue–– OrientationOrientation–– ShapeShape–– ArrangementArrangement
•• QuantitativeQuantitative–– Value (Lightness)Value (Lightness)–– Chroma (Saturation)Chroma (Saturation)–– Spacing (Texture)Spacing (Texture)–– Size (includes Perspective Size (includes Perspective
Height)Height)
Color variablesColor variables
•• HueHue
•• Value / lightnessValue / lightness
•• Saturation / chromaSaturation / chroma
HueHue
ValueValue
SizeSize
ShapeShape
Orientation of point symbolsOrientation of point symbols
Orientation of a patternOrientation of a pattern
ArrangementArrangement
The Symbol Selection ProcessThe Symbol Selection Process
•• 4 major factors underlying the symbol selection 4 major factors underlying the symbol selection processprocess–– Level of measurementLevel of measurement
•• of data describing each featureof data describing each feature•• of information about the feature that we want to of information about the feature that we want to
communicate to the map readercommunicate to the map reader–– Spatial dimensionSpatial dimension
•• point, line, area, surface, volumepoint, line, area, surface, volume–– Graphic marksGraphic marks
•• point, line, area, surface (pixels, facets, etc.)point, line, area, surface (pixels, facets, etc.)–– Visual variables Visual variables
•• for the different graphic marksfor the different graphic marks•• for the different conceived spatial structuresfor the different conceived spatial structures•• and for the different levels of measurementand for the different levels of measurement
Mapping MethodsMapping Methods
•• Choropleth mapsChoropleth maps•• Proportional symbol mapsProportional symbol maps•• Isopleth mapsIsopleth maps•• Dot mapsDot maps•• Dasymetric mapsDasymetric maps•• Prism mapsPrism maps•• Flow mapsFlow maps•• CartogramsCartograms
Exercise 3Exercise 3
Map DesignMap Design