WORKSHOP ON LASYRE PROJECT START IN

• INERA Activities from 2010 to 2013

Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)

BURKINA FASO

Ouagadougou, 22 – 24 february 2010

Outline of Presentation

• Introduction

• Logical frame work

• Activities Plan from 2010 to 2013

• A guess of timeline and milestones.

• Discussion of proposed 2010 – 2013 Plan of work.

PROJECT START’IN WORSHOP

A REGION WIDE ASSESSMENT OF LAND SYSTEM RESILIENCE AND CLIMATE ROBUSTNESS IN THE AGRICULTURAL FRONTLINE OF SAHEL (LaSyRe-Sahel)

INTRODUCTION

• Project LaSyRe broad vision : « The triple exposure of local livelihood strategies and food provision to climate change, population pressure and globalization, in the Sahel.”

• Project vision of success : – synthesis book and maps of the Sahel resilience to

global change processes incl. climate, scientific briefs for policy makers. system resilience.

– PhD and Master theses, scientific publications, successful and well attended workshops.

The Logical framework

Main Output Rised Questions Activities Main actors

Satellite based mapping of regional trends and variability in biomass

1.How the spatial and temporal pattern of biomass changed within the region in the last 20 years?

2.How can satellite based methods be optimized to provide accurate assessment of biological productivity?

3.How do the observed regional and temporal variations conform with local insight (expert based assessment)?

1.Landscape analysis at different scales for a more comprehensive utilization of GAC-8 km data in the Sahel (30m, 1km, 8km).2.a. Field campaign on representative hot spots (positive, negative, stable)2. b. Optimized integration of observed data with remote sensed data.3.a Literature review (summary)3 b. Expert based assessment of biological productivity integration with satellite based data( Correlation studies)

-DGG researcher-Sahel researchers for empirical validation of possible causes (INERA)

COMPONENT I : Sahel – wide assessment and characterization of trends in biophysical potential

Rationale for a more comprehensive utilization of Global Area Coverage (GAC) – 8km data.

A mosaic of NDVI on november 2005 computed from AVHRR

What we observe from the outer space?

According to the instrument spatial resolution… and satellite mission assignment?

The spatial and temporal scales of various environmental phenomena

Source : John E. Estes et al, 1992. Advanced data acquisition and analysis technologies for sustainable development. MAB, Digest 12, UNESCO.

Spot 5MSG1

NOAA-AVHRRLANDSAT-MSS, TM, ETM

TERRA-ASTER

SPOT-HRG

ORBVIEW

IKONOS

CORONA

……

AQUA/TERRA - MODIS

Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA)

BURKINA FASO

Spectral Bands

NOAA

AHVRR SPOT

VEGETATIONEOS MODIS

Blue - 0.43 - 0.47  0.459 - 0.479 

Green - 0.545 - 0.565

Red (0.55) - 0.68 0.61 - 0.68 0.620 - 0.670 

Near Infrared 0.73 - 1.10 0.78 - 0.89 0.841 - 0.876

(Wavelength in µm)(Wavelength in µm)

NOAA-AVHRR : since july 1981SPOT-VEGETATION : since may 1998EOS – MODIS : since 2000, 2002 (TERRA, AQUA)MSG1-SEVIRIS (Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager) Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager) : since 2003

NOAA AHVRR SPOT

VEGETATIONEOS MODIS MSG SEVERIS

Spatial resolution (at nadir)

1.1 km 1.1 km  250 m, 500 m,

1 km 3 km

Revisit Time 1 day 1 day 1 to 2 days 2 hrs

Vegetation Index

NDVI NDVI NDVI, EVI  NDVI

Temporal synthesis

10 days 10 days 16 days 8days/16days

AVHRR processing steps and data characteristics

All modeling is referenced to the time of acquisition. As the satellite clock time drifts, a delta time adjustment is applied. Collectively, these models comprise the geometric correction model in ADAPS. The positional accuracy of a systematic georegistration is approximately 5000 m, RMSE. Precise georegistration positional accuracy of 1000 m RMSE, requires correlation of image features with accurately registered cartographic or image-based maps.

REMEMBERING…

The GAC data are derived from an on board sample averaging of the full resolution AVHRR data. Four out of every five samples along the scan line are used to compute one average value and the data from only every third scan line are processed, yielding 1.1-km by 4-km resolution at nadir.

VGT on 17/11/200 RGB image B3/B2/B0

Desert of Lybia. High resolution

VGT 10/04/1998 on RGB : B3 (Near InfraRed) /B2 (Vis Red) /B0 (Vis Blue)

VEGETATION system allows operational & near real-time applications, at global, continental and regional scales, in very broad environmentally and socio-economically critical fields such as :

1. Agriculture, 2. Water resource

management,3. Forestry, 4. Land planning,5. Environment,6. Terrestrial

ecosystems, and7. Global change.

The Logical frameworkCOMPONENT II : Sahel – wide characterization of contemporary land use systems (map)

Main Output Rised Questions Activities Main actors

General overview of Sahelian land use systems and livelihoods, based on meta study of published studies. Analysis of driving factors (population, climate, etc)

1. How do land use systems and livelihood strategies vary across the northern sahelian region?

2. How land use systems changed in the past 20 – 50 years?

3. How can the variations be best summarized in terms of archetypes of human-environmental interactions, suitable for identifying where good practices can be transferred?

4. How do significant, possible driving forces of land use change vary across the region (e.g. population density, market access, migration, ethnicity, tenure, development interventions)?

5. How can modelling contribute to capture the linkage between the drivers of land use dynamics?

1. National literature review on land use dynamics

2. MARP on land use systems and livelihood strategies

3. Inventory of best practices in terms of archetypes of human- environmental interactions (MARP)

4. Multitemporal and multiscale analysis based on aerial photographs and high spatial resolution satellite data.

5. Analysis of driving forces based on MARP, literature review and surveys.

6. Testing land use models (CLUE Model, CLUE-CR, General Ecosystem Model)

- DGG researcher (synthesis)

- Sahel researchers (INERA-BF, Niamey, Dakar) (national literature study)

The Logical frameworkCOMPONENT III : Sahel frontline of agriculture

Main Output Raised Questions Activities Main actors

Representative studies of possible field encroachments in Senegal, Burkina Faso and Niger. A Sahel wide overview and assessment of agricultural expansion.1 PhD thesis2 MSc thesis

1 How has the northern limit of cultivated land changed in the last 20 years?

2. What are the plausible couplings between biomass potential, climatic change, population pressure, economic conditions and field expansions in the desert fringe?

3. How do local people perceive and explain the directions of change?

4. Can model analyses contribute to a better understanding of the global picture, and to determine trajectories of land use change trends?

1. Use of historical images (Corona and Landsat) and settlements information for agricultural frontline delineation.

2. Correlation study at site level, between field expansions in the desert fringe and biomass potential, climatic change, population pressure, and economic conditions.

3. Literature review of land use changes assessment

4. Local perception of causes and consequences of land use changes and theirs suggestions

5. Testing land use models (CLUE Model, CLUE-CR, General Ecosystem Model)

-DGG researchers-Research assistants from Sahel-Master students, BF (U of Ouagadougou)-PhD, BF (U of Ouagadougou)

LASYRE Project Start Workshop

From Macroscale===> Mesoscale ===> to Microscale

Extracted from Programme d’Action National d’Adaptation aux changements climatiques annual report, 2006.

ACTIVITIES PLAN FROM 2010 - 2013

Thank you for your attention

• Presented byNicolas KONE, kone.nicolas@yahoo.fr

Full success to the workshop !