Workshop METODOLOGIES AGILEifest.cat/images/files/recursos/1012 iFEST - Agile.pdf · Lockheed...

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Workshop METODOLOGIES AGILE 10/12/2018 MONLAU CE

Transcript of Workshop METODOLOGIES AGILEifest.cat/images/files/recursos/1012 iFEST - Agile.pdf · Lockheed...

Page 1: Workshop METODOLOGIES AGILEifest.cat/images/files/recursos/1012 iFEST - Agile.pdf · Lockheed Martin Skunk works Kelly Johnson and his team designed and built the XP-80 in only 143

W o r k s h o p

M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

1 0 / 1 2 / 2 0 1 8M O N L A U C E

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

“Everyone has a plan until

they get punched in the

mouth.”

—Mike Tyson

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Explore

the problem

Build

the right thingsBuild

the thing right

Design

Thinking

Lean

Startup Agile

@jonnyschneider

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Design

Thinking

Lean

Startup

Agile

SoluciónProblema

Abstracto

Concreto

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Medir

Construir

Aprender

Insistir o

pivotar

Iterar

Hipótesis

Insights

Experimentos

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

“That’s cute.

But don’t tell anyone about it.”

—Kodak, 1975

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

Objetivo:

Eliminar desperdicio

W A S T E

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

Toyota

Production

System

1948-1975

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

PrincipiosMaximizar todo aquello que nuestro cliente valora y reducir

al mínimo imprescindible todo aquello que no valora.

Optimizar el flujo de valor —desde que se tiene la idea hasta

que genera dinero— eliminando tiempos de espera y

minimizando colas.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

PrincipiosHacer fluir el sistema de producción eliminando el

aislamiento entre sus partes.

Producir algo sólo en el momento en el que se necesita y al

mismo ritmo que la demanda.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

Mejora continuaNo importa el estado actual de las cosas, siempre habrá un

estado mejor.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Lean

Proceso

AprendizajeThe Toyota Way. Liker. McGraw-Hill, 2004.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Qué esOriginalmente, adaptación de los principios de Lean al

desarrollo de software.

Kent Beck, Mary Poppendieck, Martin Fowler, Martin Sutherland, Ken

Schwaber...

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Objetivo:

Gestionar la incertidumbre

Reducir time to market

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

IncertidumbreGrado de conocimiento del problema a resolver.

Cuán adecuada es la solución encontrada.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Time to marketReducir ciclos de desarrollo de producto.

Obtener conocimiento del mercado lo más pronto posible.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Principios1. Entrega temprana y continua

2. Adaptación

3. Colaboración

4. Mejora continua

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Primer principio

Entrega

temprana y continua

de producto con valor

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Entrega temprana y continua de producto con valor

“Working software

over comprehensive documentation.”

Agile Manifesto, 2001

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Entrega temprana y continua

Cuanto antes se empieza a entregar valor, antes se

empieza a reducir la incertidumbre.

Cuanto antes se empieza a entregar valor, antes se

empieza a conocer el mercado y sus consumidores.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Entrega de producto con valor

Valor es aquello por lo que el cliente o el consumidor está

dispuesto a pagar.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Proceso iterativo e incremental

🤔💭

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Proceso iterativo e incremental

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

✍️8:30 AM

30 minutos para llegar a tiempo

a una entrevista de trabajo

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

✍️1. Enumerar todas las tareas que hacemos hasta que

llegamos a la reunión.

2. Poner las tareas en orden temporal.

3. Agrupar las tareas por temas.

4. Dividir las tareas entre imprescindibles y el resto.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Segundo principio

Adaptación

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Adaptación

Plan vs. Valor

“Responding to change

over following a plan.”

“Customer collaboration

over contract negotiation.”

Agile Manifesto, 2001

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Adaptación

Plan vs. Valor

Orientación al plan

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Adaptación

Plan vs. Valor

Orientación al valor

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Adaptación

Plan vs. Valor

Orientación al valor

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

✍️8:30 AM

30 minutos para llegar a tiempo

a una entrevista de trabajo

La entrevista es por video conferencia

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Tercer principio

Colaboración

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Equipos multidisciplinarios

“Individuals and interactions

over processes and tools.”

Agile Manifesto, 2001

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

“Take it to the team.”Lyssa Adkins

Coaching Agile Teams, 2010

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

XP-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed Martin

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Lockheed Martin

Skunk works

“Kelly Johnson and his team designed and built the

XP-80 in only 143 days, seven less than was

required.”

1943

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Giulia

Alfa Romeo

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Alpha Romeo

Skunk works

“Clear objectives and single purpose

with tight deadlines.”

2018

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Equipos multidisciplinarios

y motivados

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Equipos multidisciplinarios y motivados

Autonomía

Maestría

Propósito

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Colaboración

Equipos multidisciplinarios y motivados

Autonomía

Maestría

Propósito

Necesidades básicas cubiertas

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Cuarto principio

Mejora continuaIntroducir un marco de trabajo ágil no es el final del camino

sino que empieza entonces un proceso de revisión y de

cambio constantes.

Kaizen

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Queremos Agile en nuestras organizaciones porque

queremos

• Equipo y clientes contentos

• Proyectos más efectivos, más cercanos al mercado

• Velocidad frente a productividad

• Maximizar el conocimiento del mercado y de la técnica

• Productos de buena calidad

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

MetodologíasXP

Scrum

Kanban

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

eXtreme ProgrammingInvolucra al cliente en el desarrollo de producto, integrado

con el equipo técnico.

Toma de requisitos

Análisis funcional

Elaboración documento

funcional

Aprobación documento

funcionalAnálisis técnico

Elaboración documento especifica-

ción técnica

Aprobación documento especifica-

ción técnica

Producción

X X X X X X X Producción

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Nordstrom Innovation LabSunglass iPad app case study

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Agile

Principios1. Entrega temprana y continua

2. Adaptación

3. Colaboración

4. Mejora continua

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

RolesEquipos autoorganizados:

“Equipos autónomos, diversos y que buscan la excelencia y

la maestría.”

—Hirota Takeuchi, Ikujiro Nonaka. The New New Product

Development Game. Harvard Business Review (1986)

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

RolesEquipos autoorganizados:

• Alineamiento: propósito común.

• Límites: alcance del proyecto.

• Restricciones: reglas del juego.‼️

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Equipo

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Equipo

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

EquipoEstima el esfuerzo necesario para cada historia de usuario.

Comprometido con la entrega de producto terminado,

construye historias de usuario.

Reporta el progreso.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

EquipoNúmero reducido, entre 5 y 9.

Celebra los éxitos y los fracasos. La causa del éxito o del

fracaso se atribuye siempre al equipo, nunca al individuo.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner

Proyecto Producto Problema

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner• Recopila especificaciones y con ellas escribe historias

de usuario.

• Aporta la visión y gestiona el roadmap de producto.

• Prioriza y gestiona la pila de producto.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner• Define criterios de aceptación y valida las entregas.

• Responsable económico.

• Interfaz con la organización y con el cliente.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product Owner- Su herramienta de trabajo es la historia de usuario.

- Escribe, prioriza y valida con la organización las historias

de usuario.

- Las historias de usuario tienen que tender a ser pequeñas

en esfuerzo, de manera que se puedan abarcar en pocas

horas.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product OwnerObjetivos:

• Obtener para el equipo la mejor compresión posible

del problema.

• Priorizar las características de la solución al

problema.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Product OwnerObjetivos:

• Validar las características de la solución y recoger

feedback según se va produciendo.

• Contar con la información necesaria para predecir

cuánto tiempo llevará o cuánto dinero costará

terminar el proyecto.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Scrum Master

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Scrum Master• Muy cercano al equipo.

• Gestiona la pila de impedimentos.

• Vela por el buen funcionamiento y la mejora del proceso

de trabajo.

• Hace mejorar al equipo.

• Es un moderador y un facilitador de debates y discusiones.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Scrum MasterEvolución

Planifica las reuniones Modera las reuniones Facilita las reuniones

Hace las 3 preguntas diarias Protege al equipo de interrupciones, ayuda a mantener el foco

Hace crecer al equipo

Elabora la lista de impedimentos Elimina los impedimentos Trabaja la motivación y el largo plazo

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Scrum MasterHabilidades

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Scrum

Scrum Master• Ayuda al equipo a aprender cómo auto organizarse de

una forma constructiva.

• En función del nivel de madurez del equipo o del suyo

propio, hay una evolución de su rol a lo largo del tiempo.

• Se desarrolla hacia un equilibrio entre sus habilidades

humanas, tecnológicas y del marco de trabajo.

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Scrum

Artefactos

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Scrum

ArtefactosTablón - Visualización

Product backlog - Alcance

Sprint backlog - Planificación

Incremento de producto - Incertidumbre

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Artefactos

Tablón

Backlog Pendientes En curso Pruebas Integración Validación Terminado

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Artefactos

Tablón

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Artefactos

Burn-down Chart

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Artefactos

Product Backlog- Lista ordenada por prioridad de todo

lo que sabemos que vamos a

necesitar en el producto.

- Compuesta por historias de usuario.

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Artefactos

Product Backlog- Las primeras historias de la lista

Son las más importantes y las que

primero tenemos que abordar.

Son las que están más definidas.

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Artefactos

Product Backlog- El responsable del backlog es el Product Owner.

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Scrum

User Story

Como entrenador quiero notificar a mis clientes

que llegaré 10 minutos tarde a la sesión de las 9

am.

Criterios de aceptación:

- Sólo son notificados los clientes que están

apuntados a las 9.

Puntos: 3

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Scrum

User StoryNarrativa de un usuario con una necesidad.

“Como director de compras quiero”

“Un listado ordenado por fecha de emisión de las facturas

pendientes de pago que vencen este mes.”

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Scrum

User StoryValoración o estimación del esfuerzo necesario para llevarla

a cabo.

Criterios de aceptación: cómo sabemos que se ha

completado la historia de usuario.

Criterio de éxito: cómo sabemos que la historia de usuario

resuelve el problema planteado.

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Scrum

User StoryFin de la iteración

Equipo y PO acuerdan la definición de DONE para todas

las historias de usuario.

¿Dónde está el final de la iteración?

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Artefactos

Sprint Backlog- Compuesto por

Historias de usuario seleccionadas que el equipo cree

que podrán ser entregadas al final de Sprint.

Cada historia está dividida en tareas técnicas que serán

las que avanzarán a lo largo del Sprint.

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Artefactos

Sprint Backlog- El responsable del Sprint backlog es el equipo.

- Al contrario que las historias planificadas, las tareas

técnicas sí que pueden variar, entrar o salir, a lo largo del

Sprint y de hecho es lo normal.

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Artefactos

Sprint Backlog- La importancia de mantener el flujo de trabajo y del foco

del equipo

Empezar y terminar cada historia de usuario sin

interrupciones.

Si aparecen impedimentos, eliminarlos.

Ejecutar un único proyecto de forma simultánea.

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Escribo 3 letras - Intercambio con la 2ª persona a mi derecha

Escribo 3 números - Intercambio con la persona enfrente de mi

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Recibo letras - Escribo las 3 siguientes y devuelvo la hoja

Recibo números - Escribo los 3 siguientes y devuelvo la hoja

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Escribo 3 letras - Intercambio con la persona enfrente de mi

Escribo 3 números - Intercambio con la persona enfrente de mi

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Escribo 3 letras - Giro el papel 180º

Escribo 3 números - Giro el papel 180º

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Escribo todas las letras - Giro el papel 180º

Escribo todos los números

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Cuantas más personas hay colaborando simultáneamente en

diferentes proyectos, estarán más ocupadas pero la productividad será

menor.

Un proyecto tarda menos si se crea un equipo de personas

concentrada en acabarlo.

Poner el doble de personas no hace que los proyectos acaben en la

mitad de tiempo.

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✍️ Foco

Context switching & Multitasking

Cuando hay multitarea

menor predictibilidad

más errores/menor calidad

se tarda más

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Artefactos

SprintIncremento de producto

- Duración fija entre 2 semanas y 2 meses, aunque

preferencia por duración corta.

- Al final del Sprint, el producto potencialmente se puede

comercializar.

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Artefactos

SprintIncremento de producto

- La iteración en curso no se puede interrumpir.

¡Las metodologías ágiles permiten cambios frecuentes de

prioridad y requisitos!

- Es responsabilidad del cliente conocer las prioridades

antes de empezar cada Sprint.

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Scrum

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Scrum

Dinámicas

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Dinámicas

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Scrum

Dinámicas- Sprints de duración fija

- ¿Cuánto dura?

Depende de la naturaleza del producto y la tecnología

utilizada para construirlo.

Entornos digitales puede estar entre 1 y 4 semanas, pero

no más.

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Scrum

Dinámicas- Sprints de duración fija

- Se tiene que cumplir que

1. Hay que entregar valor al final del Sprint.

2. Hay que entregar valor lo más frecuentemente posible.

3. No puede haber tiempos muertos entre sprints.

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Scrum

Dinámicas- A lo largo del Sprint equipo, PO y SM realizan diversas

reuniones.

Planificación Sprint planning

Sincronización diaria Daily stand-up

Revisión Review/ Demo

Retrospectiva Mejora continua

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Scrum

Sprint Planning

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Scrum

Sprint Planning

1ª parte 2ª parte

PO plantea las próximas historias de usuario a realizar durante el sprint.

Equipo estima el esfuerzo de las historias de usuario.

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Scrum

Sprint Planning

1ª parte 2ª parte

Equipo discute cómo va a abordar las historias planificadas y las subdivide en tareas técnicas.

Puede pedir a PO cambios de estimaciones.

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Scrum

Sprint Planning- Se marca un objetivo para el Sprint que sirve de guía en

caso de pérdida puntual de foco o de contexto.

- Time boxing

5% aprox. de la duración total del Sprint.

Sprints 1 semana, planificación de 2 horas

Sprints 2 semanas, planificación de 4 horas

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Sprint PlanningEstimaciones de esfuerzo

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Scrum

Sprint PlanningEstimaciones de esfuerzo

Lavar platos Limpiar horno

Pasear perro Compra mensual

Cambiar bombilla Regar plantas

Fregar suelo Hacer camas

Limpiar ventanas Colada

Pintar dormitorio Planchar

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Daily Stand-up

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Scrum

Daily Stand-upReunión diaria de coordinación

- Time boxing (10 o 15 minutos)

- Cada miembro del equipo responde a las preguntas

¿Qué hiciste ayer? Comunicación

¿Qué vas a hacer hoy? Compromiso

¿Tienes algún impedimento? Foco

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Scrum

Daily Stand-upReunión diaria de coordinación

- Se revisa el Backlog y el equipo se reparte las siguientes

tareas según prioridad y disponibilidad.

- No es una reunión para reportar, es una reunión para

poner en común.

- Participa sólo el equipo.

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Scrum

Daily Stand-upReunión diaria de coordinación

- SM anota los impedimentos. Puede actuar como facilitador

si lo considera necesario.

- PO puede estar presente pero se mantiene com oyente.

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Scrum

Daily Stand-upReunión diaria de coordinación

- Sirve para

Sincronización del trabajo del equipo

Actualización de la información del proyecto (métricas)

Detección temprana de impedimentos y de necesidades

de ayuda.

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Daily Stand-up

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Scrum

Sprint Review

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Scrum

Sprint ReviewAl finalizar el Sprint

- Se explica y se muestra qué se ha podido hacer y qué ha

quedado pendiente.

- PO con los criterios de aceptación valida el Sprint.

- Idealmente participa el cliente recogiendo un valioso

feedback de primera mano.

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Scrum

Retrospectiva

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Scrum

RetrospectivaEs la reunión más relevante porque mueve al equipo en el

ciclo de mejora continua.

Moderada por el Scrum Master.

No se habla de producto, sino que se abordan temas

humanos, de relaciones, del proceso y de las herramientas

del equipo.

¿Qué ha fallado? ¿Qué se puede mejorar?

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Scrum

Retrospectiva¿Por dónde empezar?

Cada miembro del equipo aporta

de forma constructiva

- Lo bueno del Sprint

- Lo malo del Sprint

- Ideas

- Reconocimiento positivo

😄 😕

💡 🌼

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Scrum

RetrospectivaScrum Master se responsabiliza de eliminar los

impedimentos comentados durante la retrospectiva.

Equipo se responsabiliza de aplicar los puntos de mejora

identificados y las ideas aportadas.

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Scrum

ResumenEquipos pequeños, interdisciplinarios y auto organizados.

Trabajo dividido en una lista de entregables pequeños y

concretos, ordenados por prioridad y con estimación del

esfuerzo relativo.

Iteraciones cortas de longitud fija.

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Scrum

ResumenPlan de entregas y prioridades en colaboración con el

cliente.

Proceso optimizado después de cada iteración mediante

una retrospectiva constructiva.

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M E T O D O L O G I E S A G I L E

Gracias

🙏