Workshop European Union European Public Health Alliance Directive on services Agnese Knabe
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Transcript of Workshop European Union European Public Health Alliance Directive on services Agnese Knabe
Workshop
European UnionEuropean Public Health Alliance
Directive on services
Agnese KnabeProject coordinator
European Public Health AllianceCivic Alliance – Latvia
The Citizen in the centre in EU, Bratislava 25-26 November,2005
European Public Health Alliance
European Union
4 freedoms
free movement of goods free movement of persons free movement of capitals free movement of services
European Coal and Steal Community In 1951 in Paris 6 countries- Benelux, France, Germany, Italy signed Treaty European Coal and Steal Community with aim to establish Common Coal and Steal market within the Community member states
WHY EU?
EU Principles
The main principle of European Integration
National interests Trans-national interests Balance between both interests
Enlargement1973. Denmark, Ireland, UK 1981. Greece 1986 Portugal, Spain 1995. Finland, Austria, Sweden, 2004. 10 countries – Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Malta, Cyprus
The biggest enlargement on EU history. The common territory enlarged for 34% and population 105 milj.
2007. Bulgaria and Rumania The preconditions for integration – continent of
Europe, juridical, free market, democratic governing principles
EU enlargement
EU Treaties
The legal base for EU regulates the aim and establishment of
institutions to reach the aims (like national constitutions)
regulates the policies of EU regulates the legislation process amendments enlargement
EU Treaties
Treaties in force todayTreaty on European (Economic) Community
Common market establishment Harmonization of common economic policies Promotion of mutual economic co-operation between the member
states (trade barriers, Common customs rules, Coordination of monetary
policy, Control of honest competition)
Treaty on European Atomic Energy CommunityDevelopment of Atomic energy under trans- national control of institutions
Treaty on European Union The base for common foreign and security policy and for strengthening common co-
operation on internal and judicial affairs between the member states.
AmendmentsAmsterdam (1997)Nice (2000)
EU Institutions4 main governing bodies
Parliament of EU Council of Ministers European Commission European Court
2 Consultative bodies• Economic and Social Committee (ECOSOC)• Committee of Regions
EU Institutions
EU Institutions
Parliament of EU1952 established Election procedureDirect elections once 5 years
(since 1979 before the national parliamentarians directly involved in EU)
732 MEP
EU Institutions
Parliament worksPlenary sessions7 political groups17 committees Intergroups
The seats of the ParliamentariansPopulation – big statesMore then population – small states
EU Institutions
The Competences
Legislation Budget Approval of international treaties Approves the Commission Monitors the Commission work
EU Institutions
Council of MinistersMinisters of member states
CompetencesLegislation together with ParliamentTill 90s Council was the only institution with
legislation rights but the role of Parliament has increased since that time
Work of the CouncilApproves the legislation acts initiated by The Commission.
COREPERSThe decisions is made by the permanent missions of member states (COREPERS)
Prepares the meetings of the ministers Regulates the relations between the member states
EU Institutions
EU Institutions
PresidencyTo ensure the efficiency of the work of The Council
of MinistersEach country for 6 months is a Presidential role
The Competencies To prepare and to lead the meetings of the
Council To ensure the coherence and continuity of the
decisions To find out the practical solutions
2005Luxemburg/UK2006 Austria/Finland
EU Institutions
European Commission The executive body 25 Commissionaires (one per country) (27
– rotation procedure) Each country nominates the candidature Parliament adopts the Commission Common interests of the EU
EU Institutions
Competencies Legislation initiation Monitoring Executive Prepare the Budget monitors the financial recourses of
Structural funds
EU Institutions
Directorates GeneralEach Commissionaire has its Directorate
General30 DG20 000 Bureaucrats Weekly meetings on EU policies and accepts
the legal acts and political documents
EU Institutions
Consultative bodies• ECOSOC (Economic and Social Committee)• Committee of Regions(The interests of society, voice of society)ECOSOC • Gives expertise (suggestions) regarding the legal
acts of the Commission, but it is just Consultative 3 groups
1. employees2. employers3. other
317 members elected Council for 4 years
EU Institutions
Committee of RegionsTo represent the regions and its people and
advocate their interests Represents the interests of local and regional
authorities(health, education, social cohesion)
Article 152 of the Amsterdam Treaty states:
“A high level of health protection shall be ensured in the definition and implementation of all Community policies and activities”
But the EU must respect Member State responsibilities for organisation and delivery of health care
What EU rights to health exist?
“Everyone has the right of access to preventive healthcare and the right to benefit from medical treatment under the conditions established by national law and practices”
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU, Adopted in Nice, 12/2000
What EU rights to health exist?
DG Health and Consumer Protection (public health, food safety, animal health, monitoring of health, tobacco and alcohol policies)
DG Environment (chemicals, pesticides, soil, air and water pollution, bio-diversity, nature reserves)
DG Employment and Social Affairs (health and safety at work, combating discrimination and poverty, maternity and parental leave).
DG Internal Market (Recognition of professional qualifications) DG Competition (approving mergers eg; Pharma companies) DG Agriculture (Common Agriculture Policy) DG Development (EU is the world largest source of overseas aid) DG Education and Culture (sport, youth policies)
Health in the European Commission
DG Trade (TRIPS, GATS, access to medicines) DG Research (scientific research on genomics, food safety,
causes of diseases, environmental health) DG Information Society (e-health applications) DG Transport and Energy (energy generation, rail
transport, road safety) DG Enterprise (pharmaceuticals and medical devices) DG Tax and Customs (excise duties on tobacco/alcohol) European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA)
authorisation of drugs, pharmacovigilance
Health in the European Commission
Committees Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
(ENVI) Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) Internal Market and Consumer Protection
(IMCO) Employment and Social Affairs (EMPL)
Inter-group on health
Health in the European Parliament
Advocacy of health rights for all
Representation of citizen and public interest
Awareness raising on health and human rights issues
Monitoring of implementation of health rights
Challenging violations of health rights
The role of NGOs on health
The Health part of the programme would have five key objectives
to protect citizens against health threats to promote policies that lead to a healthier way of
life; to contribute to reducing the incidence of major
diseases in the EU; to contribute to the development of more effective
and efficient health systems; to support the objectives above by providing health
information and analysis
The New Public Health Programme 2007- 2013
Many EU policies have an impact – direct or indirect – on the health of EU citizens
Implementation of internal market legislation is de-facto creating policy on health related issues
The European Commissioner has greater powers to promote animal welfare than to protect human health
Why health needs to be addressed at EU level
European Public Health Alliance
39-41 Rue d’Arlon
B-1000 Brussels
Belgium
Tel: +32 2 230 30 56
Fax: +32 2 233 38 80
www.epha.org