Workshop 8Computers and Biology

Neural Networks

Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts – 1943 - artificial neural networks

Warren McCulloch Interview (1969) – YouTube

(21 minutes) cache

Feed Forward NetworkFrank Rosenblatt1962?

1969 Perceptron book Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert

Embarrassing mistakes in perceptron research - Marvin Minsky

Gregor Mendel

Gregor Mendel’s pea experiments – Experiments on Plant Hybridization (published 1865)- Showed the binary nature (dominant/recessive) of inherited traits

How Mendel's pea plants helped us understand genetics (3 minutes) cache

Phenotype – Visible traits such as pea color

Genotype – Inherited material – What was it?

Gene (1909 Johannsen) – Information passed from father and mother that determines the trait

1910 Morgan found that genes lie on chromosomes

1944 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stored the genes

Mendel as prelate of the Augustinian order, 1880

Watson & Crick

1951 Rosalind Franklin began X-ray diffraction studies to determine the structure of DNA

1953 Crick & Watson built a physical model of the double helix which explained everything

The twisting tale of DNA - Judith Hauck (4 minutes) cache

DNA Story - Watson and Crick

James Watson: How we discovered DNA Ted Talk

Alan Turing & Claude Shannon

Claude Shannon – 1940 - An Algebra for Theoretical Genetics – Ph.D thesis at MIT

Alan Turing

Bioinformatics (Computational Biology)

Decoding the genome – Computers come to the rescue

Dynamic Programming – Slides including Needleman-Wunsch cache

Decoding a Genomic Revolution: Manolis Kellis at TEDxCambridge 2013 (10 minutes) cache

Manolis Kellis, Ph.D.ProfessorComputer Science, MITMIT Computational Biology GroupComputer Science and AI LAbBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard

Doing a FASTA Search