Name Date Class

CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULASim

6&_D_G4/

(-

n-LL

Chapter Test A

A. MatchingMatclt each description in Column B to the correct term in Column A.Write the

letter of the correct desciption in the blank.

Column A Column B

ft I. cation a. any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge

2, anion b. lVhen two elements combine to form more than one

compound, the different masses of one element thatcombine with the same mass of the other element are inthe ratio of small whole numbers.

3. law of definite c. tightty bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and

proportions carries a charge

4. acid d. a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved

in water

5. base e. a compound composed of two different elements

6. lawofmuttiple f. anyatomorgroupofatomswithapositivecharge O

proportions 53

7. polyatomic ion g. In all samples of the same chemical compound, the Felements are always combined in the same proportion gby mass. b

tB. monatomic ion h. a compound that produces hydrogen ions when dissolved

=in water €g. Lrinary compound i. consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge g

=

B. Multiple ChoiceChoose the best arcswer and write its letter on the line.

E6

>

ooa

rl- r0. The correct name for the N3- ion is the:

a. nitrate ion.b. nitric ion.

c. nitride iond. nitrite ion.

224 Core Teoching Resources

Name *

fLJ

kht_A

Date

11, Elements of Group 4A:a. generaliy form positive ions.b. generally form negative ions.c. do not commonly form ions.d. do not combine with other elements.

12. What is the ionic charge onthat has the formula CrrOr?a. 3+b. 2-

Class

the chromium ion in the ionic compound

c. 5-d, 5+

c. phosphorusd. bromine

13. \tVhich element when combined with chlorine would most likely forman ionic compound?a. lithiumb. carbon

15.

16.

17.

14. \\trat is the formula for calcium hydrogen phosphate?a. CaHPOnb. CarHPOn

c. Ca(HrPOizd. Ca(HPOJ,

A cation is any atom or group of atoms with:a. a positive charge"b. no charge.c. a negative charge.d. more electrons than the corresponding atoms,

The cation Fe3+ is formed when:a. an atom of ircn loses two electrons.b. an atom of zinc loses two electrons.c. an atom of iron loses three electrons.d. an atom ofiron gains three electrons.

A molecular formula:a- gives information about molecular geometry.b. can be written for ionic compounds,c. shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule of a

compound.d. uses superscripts to show the number of atoms of each kind.

The'metals in Groups 1A', 2A, and 3A:a. gain electrons when they form ions.b. form ions with a charge found by subtracting 8 from the

group number.c. all form ions with a 1* charge.d. lose electrons when they form ions.

\Nhen naming an ion of a transition metal that has more than onecommon ionic charge, the numericalvalue of the charge is indicatedby a:

a. prefix.b. suffix.c. Roman numeral following the name.d. superscript after the name.

s

0

-.F

L

o2L

-e

e

/in

L.

L18.

19.

Chapter 9 ChemicalNomes ond Formulas 229

Name

C-Date Class

20. in naming a binary molecular compound, the number of atoms ofeach element present in the molecule is indicated by:

2L.

tt

a Roman numerals.b. superscripts.

a. H2S2

b. H2s04

c. prefixes.d. suffixes.

H2SO3

HrS

An -ite ot -ate ending on the name of a compound indicates that thecompound:a is a binary ionic compound.b. is a binary molecular compound.c. contains a polyatomic anion.d, contains a polyatomic cation.

lVhat is the formula for sulfuric acid?c.d.

C. CompletionFiII in the word(s) that will make each staternent true.

23. The ionic charge of lead, Pb, in the compound pbS, is .. -23

24, The typical ionic charge of an ion formed by an element inGroup TAis 24

,r. +/+24. -l

iovtS*\dr-

25,

26,

27.

28.

9s

Atoms that have a positive or negative charge are called ?F -.

fhe name of a monatomic anion ends in 26

The ionic charge of chlorine, Cl, in the compound MgCl, is27

2,5.

26,

27. I

In a polyatomic ion, the -ite ending indicates one feweratom than the -ate ending.

Binarymoiecular compounds are composed of mro 29

zB ze.@5

zo. Yt 0 tA - vl,,ru.*Z'[r

\-/T-aG

o=

€

a

-@I=-=

->

=

30.

elements.

30. Acids are compounds that produce 30 . ions when dissolvedin water.

D. ProblemsWrite the answers in the space prouided.

31. Write the formulas for these compounds.

a. magnesium cyanide

b. mercury(Il) bromide

c. sulfur hexafluoride

||r

23O Core Teaching Resources

Name Date Class

COVALENT BONDING

Chapter Test A

A. MatchingMatch each description tn Column B with the correct term in Column A.Write tkeletter ofthe correct description on the line.

Column A

coordinate covalent bond

trT2

A

t,J- ,.

P { dfu"s

2. nonpolar covalent bond b(.

hydrogen bond

double covalent bond

dispersion force

6. molecular formula

7. structural formula

B. polar bond

9. triple covalent bond

Column B

shows the kinds and numbers present in amolecule of a compound

chemical formula that shows the arrangement ofatoms in molecules and polyatomic ions

a covalent bond between tvvo atoms of differentelectronegativities in which the bondingelectrons are not shared equally

I irlt"ru"tion caused by the motion of electrons

/ a covalent bond formed by the equal sharing of' bonding electrons by two atoms ,.

f. a covalent bond involving two pairs of electrons;each atom donates one pair of electrons to thebond

i.

a covalent bond in rnrhich three pairs of electronsare shared by two bonded atoms

substance in which all of the atorns arecovalently bonded to each other

a covalent bond between two atoms in which thesli'ared electron pair comes from only one of theatoms

force that occurs when a hydrogen atom that is

covalently bonded to a very electronegative atornis also weakly bonded to an unshared pair ofelectrons in the same or a nearby molecule

4.

5.

6)

oq=-oo\

4eg=€-iio=-=

>=,a

=a

s

h.

t

l-It I 10. network solid

196 Core Teaching Resources

Name Date Ciass

B. Multiple ChoiceChoose the best answer and write its letter ait the line.

L/ ll. \Mhich of these elements does nat exist as a diatomic molecule?

12. Which one of the following compounds is nor covalent?

a. Ib.F

a. SCl,b. Kcl

a, NO,b. K"o-h

'o*'c-

u$ g*J..^'-'-E

- Yu* t b'^'tl

d_E t3

c.Hd. He

c. HCId. s2cl2

D@ 13. How many valence eiectrons does an atom of any halogen have?a. 1 c.4

fuo')

15.

b. Brr. d. oz'

A moiecule of nitrous oxide, NrO, I N - N --+ ij .orrtuirrs all of thefollowiirg except

D,..a. acoordinate covalentbond.b. a triple bond.

b. tH:o.t-

c, a double bond.d. nonbonding pairs of electrons.

d. t'o:H;-

t7.

If a bonding pair of electrons is unequaliy shared between t'vvo atoms, , Lorhe bond is A - fltd, "w'(a. ionic. c. coordinate covalent. - lt d

-

"l-( u"

b. nonpolar covalent. d. polar covalent. Ld ,", -,,\ r'

\Alhatistheelectrondotstructureforwater? 6u L JU/"

;.;:idl:;i ". u:H: / p9 n6,H /)t

b. H:H:O: d. H:O: tr"j,'H w 0' '*^u\{hich of the following compounds is not ionic? fu! -t ',,

a, Nar c. co, Cg- )-lY*i

b. CaCl, d. NarO W , Oo' ,- *uf

t.'ilf,:"fii:i:ffHff".omesanobregas. .#^ :M b"

b. when atoms share electrons. n v' / 0t -

c. berween metals and nonmetals. .1 v

d. when electrons ale transferred from one atom to another,

l.Vhatis the electron dot structure for the polyatomic ion OH-?a. I:o: Hl- c' tH::ol-

18.

19.

20.

Eoo

I

<

o-o

Lo

L

-=+

o

-uco

6)

2f. Which of these compounds would nothave covalent bonds?c. NrOud. H2o2

Chapter I Cavalent Bonding 197

N

'9 zz. A*orr",,)Ral;;;;; *ot",', bond isarA/^

ame

VDl-Jate

purturca law

-L-LC. QuestionsAnswer the following questions in the space prauided.

28. Draw structural formulas for the following substances.

a Br2 ; 6; * B'r!l.?'

b.Nz "N=U:

c. CO ", C7O:

29. State whether the following compounds contain polar covalent bonds, nonpolarcovalent bonds, or ionic bonds. (You may refer to the table of electronegativitieson the top of the next page.)

a. KF

b. so2

c. NO,

d. HBr

23. Chlorine is a gas, bromine is a liquid, anddifferences in the strength of theira. hydrogenbonds.b. dispersion forces.

a. COr. c. NO.b. Fz, d. Nr,

Class

iodine is a solid because of

dipole interactions.polar bonds.

c.d.

24.

25..

26.

lVhen H+ forms a bond with HZO to form hydronium ion, H*O+, thisbond is called a coordinate covalent bond becausea" both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom.b. it is an especially strong bond.c. the electrons are equally shared.d. the oxygen no longer has eight electrons surrounding it.

l\rhich of the following molecules has one lone pair of electrons?a. CHnb. HCI

Which of the following is the weakest?a. hydrogen bondb. polar covalent bond

The carbon tetrachloride molecule isa. four-cornered..b. square.

dipole interaction

;# r-

c. HrOd. NH3

,-,

?t

A\l

ottI=aGo=.o

='e

aarco=oF

E-='

a

c.d. *J9*'c.d.

c cdsJ,& Wpv-<, (i

t98 Care Teaching Resources

Name Date Class

The following covalent molecules have only single covalent bonds. Draw anelectron dot structure for each one,

a. HBr *-k1 c. PClu

rl

b' H2oz u _-b':_ - Htt ,,9, i9:, .

C \.,ti Q s

r9

r\

(,D. Essay

Reference Section

Electronegativities0

l- H"-4h 5A 6A zA l-

1A

H__lz:l z^ 3ALi

I.0Be

1.5

B

2.0C

2.5N

3.0o

3.5

F

4.4 TNa. 0.9

Mgt.2

AI1.5

Si1.8

P

2.1

S

2.5CI

3.0Ar

K0.8

Ca1.0

Ga1.6

Ge1.8

As2.0

Se

2,4Br

2.8Kr

eoe@@

.g

<Je-@

EE

4qhoL

o

+

-1o

=ol!eo

@

E. Additional Questions and ProblemsAnswer the follawing in the space prouided. Show your work.

32. Calculate the total energy needed to dissociate all the bonds in one mole ofethyl alcohol, CzHsOH. (Assume lhat the total energy is the sum of theindividual bond dissociation energies.) The structural formula of ethyl alcohoi is

HH11

Hr-C- C*H4lH O_H

BondH*HC*Hc-oo*HC_C

Energy (kJ/mol)435393356464347

C r)x5 *[c-d + (o'{)

Chapter 8 Covalent Bonding 199

Name Date Class

33. With the aid of a diagram, describe how the overlap of one 2p orbitalfrom eachof two atoms forms a sigma bond, but the overlap of the remaining two 2porbitals from each atom forms pi bonds.

C $- e-Wft o -- cnf*[q

lndicate the hybrid orbitals used by each carbon atom in thecompound. The carbons are numbered for easy reference.

'tv - ST&n -b7 - s,{u orr "r lap

t(7<p qe

,l)

5p3 /

H4 lsc-c-H8)r\5pb

H1 .2 lsH-C:C -C -

35. Draw elecfton dot structures for PClu and SFu. (.Iy'lnr; These compounds areexceptions to the octet rule.)

t F

ri : iF,'

i -, . | .t;,.

'e-Ptl'r rb{t'{

lf!:. 'r 'r,iq t' ,t ',1 " t;lu f/,t's

" glr^" l'{ s**'lvts q'b

ti^'-l ilto't 'l' W r

ds\r\ '? ,[i ,,.,,' i'l' f['

eY, :ti'Yti* tno!9r,, ,b4 i"l./

@rcoaod

na=ne

='€oT

ae=-c@

-=l>;€-6@

@

=

itl 4w+ pt

d{q cp}jr&l|l., eo rfl" "-$r'^

2OO Core TeochinE Resources