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Working To Learn: Unlocking the Potential of New York’s Adult College Students
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Transcript of Working To Learn: Unlocking the Potential of New York’s Adult College Students
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Working To Learn: Unlocking the Potential of New York’s Adult College Students
Tom Hilliard Senior Policy Associate
Schuyler Center for Analysis and AdvocacySeptember 2007
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Adult Students in New York 1.8 million adults (ages 25-49) with a high
school diploma and no college education 207,000 adult undergraduate students
enrolled in 2005 Majority (53%) of adults study part-time,
compared to 11% of younger students
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1995 to 2005: More Younger Students, Fewer Adult Students
28%
4%
24%
-20%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Ages 18-24 Ages 25-49
U.S.
New York
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New York Falling Short Adults as a share of all undergraduate
students: from one-third in 1995 to one-fifth in 2005.
New York now ranks 43rd in rate of adult college attendance.
If New York met the national average, 56,000 more adults would be enrolled in New York’s colleges.
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“Some of our students are working full-time, studying full-time, and raising a child. They’re burning the candle at three ends. Is it any wonder they have
academic trouble?”
Brian McGarvey, Director of Financial Aid Schenectady Community College
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Why worry about affordability? Independent students in NY are 22% more
likely than those in other states to study and work full-time – a practice that triples the risk of dropping out.
Working poor independent students in NY have remaining financial need of $5,227 – 25% higher than national average
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The Two T’s of affordability:
TAP and Tuition
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Tuition Assistance Program Largest state need-based financial aid
program in the US In 2005, TAP provided financial aid to
394,000 undergraduates – 47% of all undergrads in NY
Maximum annual benefit of $5,000 Income eligibility up to $80,000
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TAP and Adult Students Part-Time TAP not available in first year Discrimination against single childless
adult students “Don’t Come Back” Rule Remedial education penalty
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No Part-time TAP for Freshmen
Until this year, TAP available only to full-time students – 12 credits per semester
Part-Time TAP took effect as of September 2007. Provides benefits for 6-11 credits, but…
Only students who have studied full-time for one year are eligible for Part-Time TAP
Students who need Part-Time TAP the most will never qualify for it
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Part-time TAP: The Solution
Provide part-time TAP benefit from the first day of college enrollment
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The Independent Schedule
Adult students with no children or spouse are placed on the “Independent Schedule”
Maximum benefit of $3,025 annually Income eligibility threshold of $10,000 net
taxable income
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Income Eligibility Threshold, Independent and Dependent Schedules
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Maximum Benefit, Independent and Dependent Schedules
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Independent Schedule: The Solution Raise income eligibility threshold and
maximum benefit
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“Don’t Come Back” Rule
A student’s TAP benefit will always be fixed at the time of first enrollment, even if that student leaves and returns years later
Anne enrolled in 1987: Maximum benefit of $2,850
Anne returns in 2007: Maximum benefit now $5,000, but Anne still gets $2,850
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Don’t Come Back Rule: The Solution
Put all independent students on current schedule
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Remedial Education Penalty
TAP is a time-limited benefit. 8 semesters for Bachelor degree, 4 semesters for Associate degree
Remedial education ensures that TAP will run out before graduation
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Remedial Education Penalty: The Solution
Offer performance-based scholarships
Tested in Opening Doors initiative, found to be effective in improving student outcomes
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Tuition and Adult Students More adults attend community college
than any other sector of higher education
CC tuition in NY 50% higher than national average, five times higher than CC tuition in California
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Why is CC Tuition So High?
1990 Share
2005 Share Change
State Contribution
37% 30% -7%
Local Contribution
33% 30% -3%
Student Contribution
29% 39% +10%
State and Local Government Withdrawing Financial Support
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Pulling out of the Tailspin Reform TAP to meet the needs of adult
students Engage employers as partners in funding
and shaping higher education Support colleges that want to try new
strategies Accountability for results
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The Working Poor Families ProjectAnti-poverty initiative active in 23 States, funded
by Ford, Joyce, Mott and Casey Foundations• www.workingpoorfamilies.org
Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy• www.scaany.org
Center for an Urban Future• www.nycfuture.org