Word Study Word Study &Grammar&GrammarWord Study Word Study &Grammar&Grammar

guava beat

• Apples ， pears ， and guavas need to be washed before eating them.

• The German team beat the Japanese team 3-1 in the volleyball match.

What is context?

Context is the words and sentences that come before and after a particular word, and that help you to understand the meaning of the word.

• 1. Antonyms( 反义词 ), synonyms( 近义词 ) or words of the same kind can be found in the context.

①The major points of your plan are clear to me, but the details are still hazy.

Antonym②Mother was tall, fat, and middle-aged. The hea

dmaster was an older woman almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.

Synonym③Apples ， pears ， and guavas need to be washed before eating them. Words of the same kind

• 2. Definition, explanation or example can be found in the context.①Kinesics, the study of body movement, was

suggested by a professor. Definition②Microprocessors------those tiny parts of a c

omputer commonly known as ‘silicon chip’ ( 芯片 ) , plays a very important role.

Explanation③Many UN employees are polyglots. Maria, f

or example, speaks five languages. Example

• 3. Relevant details( 相关细节 ) can be found in the context.　① Using a long, slender instrument called a

probe, doctors are able to locate and remove pieces of metal from a patient’s wounds.　② The German team beat the Japanese team 3-1 in the volleyball match.

• beat1. My heart is beating faster because I am very e

xcited. vi ． to strike repeatedly (esp. the heart)2. The music is so fast that I can’t follow the be

at. n. a regular, rhythmical unit of time3. The German team beat the Japanese team

3-1 in the volleyball match. vt. defeat

Read the following sentences and guess the meaning of the words in italics in each sentence

• pick1. Autumn is the season to pick apples. v. to gather; harvest2. I’ll pick you up after work. v. to take on passengers3. The top ten pop songs for this year

have been picked out. v. to carefully select

• rock1. The death of John Lennon, the lead singer

of the Beatles, rocked the nation. vt. to shock, surprise2. Cui Jian is one of the most famous rock an

d roll stars in China. n. a kind of music, rock’n’roll3. The ship hit some rocks in the sea and sank.

Luckily all the passengers were rescued. n. hard and large stones

• style1. The dress she bought yesterday is in

the latest style. n. the fashion of the moment2. I like different styles of music, such as

rock music, folk music, pop music and classical music.

n. type, kind3. The style is the man. He always does

things like that. n. a way of doing something

More exercises1. He was very hungry, but later a delicious meal satisfied him. vt. 满足 , 使满意2. A person has many kinds of emotions, for example, happiness, anger, sadness, etc. n. 情感 , 感情 , 情绪 3. He hasn’t eaten for one day. Now he has a very strong desire to eat. n. 愿望 , 心愿 , 要求

4. Musicians, people who play a musical instrument as their job or hobby, sometimes are also called artists.

n. 音乐家5. Music is considered as a universal language.

People from all around the world can understand this language.

adj. 通用的 , 普遍的 , 世界的6. At first Marilyn Monroe was just a very com

mon girl, but a few years later she was turned into a super star.

把……变成

Active voice&Passive voice John repaired my bicycle.

My bicycle is repaired.

The earthquake has damaged the city. The city has been damaged.

Activity 1• Work in group of 3. Discuss the

exercise 1 on page 75. You’ll be given 2 minutes. When discussing, think about the following questions.

Active Voice→Passive Voice• Do you use the object as the subject in the new se

ntence?• Do you change me/him/her/us/them into I/he/she/we/they when it is used as the subject in the new sentence?

• Do you change the verb into the pattern be+pp in the new sentence?

• Do you use the verb be in the pattern be+pp in its right form?

• Do you leave out the by-phrase in the new sentence, without change of the meaning?

Answers

1. The key to the classroom is kept by our monitor.

2. The song of the 1998 World Cup was performed by Ricky Martin.

3. The performance will be given to the Capital Concert Hall.

4. He knew that he would be invited to perform in the New Year’s Concert.

5. The beautiful song is being sung by everyone in the country.

6. This song was written while he was fishing.

7. The new music video is played several times a day.

8. The boy was given a golden pen by the schoolmaster.

Or A golden pen was given to the boy.

Elvis Presley

Answers• Elvis Presley,… and his fans from different

countries will always love him.• For his eleventh birthday, Elvis wanted a

bicycle but his parents gave him a guitar.• The next year he recorded another song.• After that more and more people asked him to

make records.• They have turned the house where he once

lived into a museum and thousands of people visit it every year.

Activity 2The class will be divided into 2 groups.When a student from group1 says an active/passive voice sentence, another student from group2 has to change it into passive/active voice.

Homework

• Preview the passage “POP VERSUS ROCK”.