Word formation:

In a sentence or text you have to change the form of a word, e.g. from a noun to an adjective, or from a verb to a

noun. For example:

The _____ was very nervous. (sing)

You have to complete the sentence with the person noun (singer). You change the verb (sing) into the person noun

(singer).

Look at the word you have to change. Which words do you know that are in the same word family?

The beginning of the word is often the same and the end of the word changes.

What form is the new word? A verb? A noun? An adjective? An adverb?

Nouns often end: -ment, -ion, -ness, -ity.

People nouns often end: -er, -or, -ist, -ian.

Adjectives often end: -able, -ible, -ive, -al, -ic, -ed, -ing.

Some verbs end: -ise, -ate, -en.

Adverbs often end: -ly.

Is the new word negative? If so, you may need a prefix, e.g. un- (unhappy), im- (impolite), in- (inexperienced), dis-

(dishonest), etc.

If you don’t know the new word, guess. You may be right!

Check your answers carefully when you finish.

Put the correct form of the word  in brackets into the blank. The ……………………lounges at airports are always full (DEPART)

Will was late for his …………………so he asked me to drive him there (APPOINT)

Thanks for looking after my dog. I’m really ………………… (GREAT)

I’m asking for your …………………! (FORGIVE)

Doug is such a ………………… I never believe a word he says (LIE)

Lying to your dad like that was really ………………… (HONEST)

My brother is …………………but that doesn’t stop him from doing a lot of sports (ABLE)

I haven’t got the …………………to go up to a stranger at a party and introduce myself (CONFIDENT)

My …………………with Chris lasted for over a year (RELATION)

Liz has got a really lively ………………… (PERSON) My uncle has an amazing mental ………………… (ABLE)

I gave the shop …………………the money and left (ASSIST)

The company has …………………to start selling its goods in China (PERMIT)

The …………………in this place is absolutely terrible. I want to see the manager (SERVE)

Could you help me with my …………………? (DECIDE)

I read a …………………of all the supermarkets, but this one is the best (COMPARE)

Before you borrow any money from the bank you have to make a …………………about whether you can pay it

back or not (JUDGE)

My grandmother had no idea that her old vase was so ………………… (VALUE)

Companies should always tell the …………………in advertisements (TRUE)

Credit cards are really …………………but you have to be careful with them (USE)

Use the word in BOLD print at the end of the line to form a new sentence that has the same meaning. You must use

TWO to FIVE are words and are not allowed to change the key word in any way.

1. I can’t wait to go on holiday (FORWARD) I’m really _______________ on holiday.

2. Prices may go up next year, so you should buy now. (CASE)

You should buy now _____________________________________ next year.

3. People believe she lives in New York (BELIEVED) She ____________________________in New York

4. Helen hasn’t tried Japanese food before. (TIME) It’s the ________ Japanese food.

5. Can’t he do any better than this? (THE) Is ________________________ he can do ?

6. I don’t know all the facts. (AWARE) I ____________________________ all the facts.

7. Whose fault was the fire at the factory? (BLAME)

Who ________________________ the fire at the factory?

8. His father doesn’t want him to drink alcohol. (DISAPPROVES)

His father _____________________________________ alcohol.

9. Most people think that broken homes cause a lot of social problems (THOUGHT)

It _____________________________________ cause a lot of social problems.

10. Why did you insist that I buy this horrible chees? (MAKE)

Why _____________________________________ this horrible cheese.

11. She pays someone to clean the windows every month. (CLEANED)

She _____________________________________ every month.

11. You have to wear safety helmets at all times. (WORN)

Safety helmets _____________________________________ at all times.

12. I’m sure they have worked hard on the project (HAVE)

They _____________________________________ on the project.

13. She locked the gate so that the dog wouldn’t escape (PREVENT)

To _____________________________________ , she locked the gate.

14. I do not run as fast as I did when I was younger (USED)

I _____________________________________ I do now.

15. She will probably get the job (LIKELY) She ________________ the job.

16. She is proud of her beautiful house (PRIDE) She ________________ beautiful house.

17. She won’t tolerate his rudeness any longer (PUT) She won’t ________________ any longer.

18. She is scared to be alone in the house at night (AFRAID)

She _____________________________________ in the house at night.

19. Tim will be able to operate the machine but someone must show him (ONLY)

Tim will be able to operate the machine ____________________ how.