Woollongabba's Strategic Planning

DAN 100 Architecture Master Studio 1

ASSIGNMENT 1

WOOLLOONGABBA’S UDA STRATEGIC PLAN Benedicto Gunawan (n6433766)

Queensland University of Technology

Introduction 1

Pattern Language 7

Strategic Planning 18

Building Proposal 30 Contents

Introduction 1.1. Infrastructure Redevelopment 3

1.2. Mapping and Analysis 4

1.3. UDA Respond 6

Pattern Language 2.1. Selecting the Pattern 7

2.1.1. Identifiable Neighborhood 8

2.1.2. Neighborhood Boundary 9

2.1.3. Promenade 10

2.1.4. Shopping Street 11

2.1.5. Accessible Green 12

2.1.6. Small Public Squares 13

2.1.7. Individually Owned Shops 14

2.1.8. Pedestrian Street 15

2.2. Arranging The Pattern 16

2.3. Strategic Vision Poster 17

Strategic Planning 3.1. Proposed Masterplan 19

3.2. Mapping and Analysis 20

3.3. Street Sections 21

3.4. Site Sections 26

Building Proposal 3.1. Opera House / Theatre 31

3.2. Market of Many place 32

3.3. Sustainable Commercial Building 33

Introduction

The Woolloongabba UDA’s high level of accessibility provides a unique opportunity to develop the site as a key southern ‘gateway’ into the city. It also presents an opportunity to create a community ‘heart’ that services and connects the Kangaroo Point South and Woolloongabba communities. However, development will be required to provide activated ground floor street frontages in key areas including along Stanley Street, along the main pedestrian walkways and around the central urban park and plaza areas. On this strategic plan I will try to emphasize on re-adjusting the existing infrastructure to maximize the potential of the site 1

2.2.Patterns Selected

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1.1. Infrastructure Re-Development

Infrastructure is key on the UDA ‘s Development since the site incorporates several major roads and important intersection with complex inter-relationship to the Pacific Motorway. Several 3D-model is necessary to illustrate and to aid in preparing the strategic resolution to maximize the potency of the site. Additionally I attempted to explain the relationship between the road and its context using the pattern that I’ve found in the book Pattern Language by Christopher Alexander. The findings within the book will later be manifested to the design resolution of the Masterplan 3

Main Access

Main St

Main St

Motorway Entrance / Exit

Main Circulation

Main St

1.2. Mapping and Analysis

The Woolloongabba UDA occupies a 10.25 hectare site in a highly visible inner-city location only 2 kilometers from the CBD. The Pacific Motorway passes through the UDA which is bounded by several major roads – Vulture Street to the North, Main Street to the east and Stanley Street to the south – all of which are heavily trafficked. Allen Street is included within the UDA along the western boundary. Vulture and Stanley St are in one-way direction and together with Main St and Allen St establish a solid circulation of vehicle’s movement

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Transition Lane / Key Street

Inaccessible Green / Wasted area

Bus lane

Main St

Main St

Main St

Leopard St passes through the site and become major connection from Kangaroo Point residential precinct to Pacific Motorway. The edge of this street meet with the transition lane from Exit 2 and often create a huge line of vehicle on the Stanley St intersection. The existing greenery is inaccessible and became wasted as well as a waste of space. There is also a semi-underground Bus lane from South Bank – City – Woolloongabba. Some potential street also has been identified, such as Hubert St that possess a numerous prospective benefits to be incorporated in the strategic plans. This street is a main way for several high-rise residential building located next to the area.

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1.3. UDA Respond The Good (+) 1. Creative Resolution in

respond to re-allocation of some key infrastructure elements, such as the Motorway’s ramp extension

2. Very high awareness to existing condition such as a full-mature existing oak tree along the Main St

The Bad (-) 1. The Plan does not incorporate

encouragement for positive development in terms of social and culture. The site is bland and abstract and deserve a significant identity’s development

2. Bus Station allocation is arguable, centralization of public transport node can be troublesome for adding some distance to the Gabba Stadium

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2.1. Selecting the Pattern

Pattern language is not a matter of invention and choosing the right pattern to work with is never an easy task. Alexander himself was not really inventing a pattern language but instead was discovering the pattern language used by people through the ages to create livable spaces. Therefore, it is practical to begin with identification of several elements that is considerably related to the original pattern languages, and the best part is to let the pattern guides you to explore and form the intended language. On the right is all the patterns that I have found

Identifiable Neighbourhood

Neighbourhood Boundary

RING ROADS

FOUR-STORY LIMIT

Shopping STREET

PROMENADE

ACCESSIBLE GREEN

SMALL PUBLIC SQUARES

INDIVIDUALLY OWNED SHOPS

STREET CAFE

CORNER GROCERY

BEER HALL

TRAVELER’S INN

FOOD STANDS

WEB OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

NETWORK OF PATH AND CARS

PEDESTRIAN STREET

NIGHT LIFE

MARKET OF MANY SHOPS

BUS STOP

SMALL PARKING LOTS

OPENING TO THE STREET

Protect the land and mark the limits of the cities

Determine city development and

orientation as well as encouraging the

formation of local centre

Reinforcing the monumentality of the City with vocal point and community centre

As a Space Activator And pedestrian attractor

Establish community and neighbourhood

policy to control the character of

the local environment

Encourage network growth

and adjacent connection

between

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1. Identifiable neighborhood (14)

“People need an identifiable spatial unit to belong to,

where they can be free with themselves and be free to whom they really are”

This is where it all begins. Human is a social creature and at the same time an individual with personal preferences and privacy. In a community of ten people, each individual will present themselves in their own unique appearances and behavior. In a community of a hundred, these individual will feel the necessity to form in smaller group with those who have common goals and interest and yet still keep a fair amount of their own unique identity. This relationship repeated in a larger community of a thousand, and the larger the group; the less identity could be preserved by each individual. The needs to take on approval from other people is getting bigger, otherwise exclusion is inevitable. In such community it is difficult for each individual to find his true self; people are having difficulties to distinguish themselves from other people. They lingered in a limited space where other people’s acceptance is the main parameters. Therefore, people need an identifiable space to belong to, where they can be free with themselves and be free to whom they really are.

2.1 Selecting the Pattern

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2. Neighborhood Boundary (15)

“the Physical boundary needed to protect

subcultures from one another”

The strength of the boundary is essential to a neighborhood. If the boundary is too weak the neighborhood will not be able to maintain its own identifiable character. This is the root concept of fortification. It is not a wall to separate the existing entity with the outside world but a boundary to preserve the functional integrity of the community and strengthen them by providing a multitude interaction between the inside and the outside.


Boundary of Brooklyn, NYC. Boundary is a tool to define a sense of belonging in a land. A tool of acknowledgement of existence

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3. Promenades (31)

“A promenade could be a main street that has grown too

busy for cars to be able to pass through”

A promenade could be a main street that has grown too busy for cars to be able to pass through. This street will then be specified only for pedestrians. A promenade is a common element in the small towns of Italy, Spain, or Mexico. It is where people could go to get in touch watch others, to stroll and browse, and to wander. It connects one activity nodes and another. It is one of the most beautiful elements a town could have. Not only because of the many things you can find inside it but because it’s simply where people with a shared way of life gather together to rub shoulders and confirm their community.

Views of promenade in Holland. Promenade is the like street theaters; they invite people to watch others, to stroll and browse and to loiter

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It is because the shoppers themselves do not benefit from traffic, instead they need a quiet, comfort, and convenient place with access from the pedestrian paths in the surrounding area. In most cases there are many shops that were arranged along the major traffic arteries. However, this is convenient only for cars, but is inconvenient for pedestrians. To be convenient for both traffic and people walking, a shopping street needs to be connected to the fabric of the surrounding town, and has to be arranged along a street, but opening off a major traffic artery, with parking behind or underneath to keep the cars from isolating the shops from surrounding areas.

4. Shopping Street (32)

“It is essential for the shopping street to be located near major traffic and yet is

sufficiently apart from them.”

View of Wanfujing Shopping Street, Beijing

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There is in fact a very good example on this case. Greenery located about 3 minutes from the heart of Fortitude valley, a beautiful wide open park but circled with three main streets; and yet there are very few people that could be found there, not because that people are unaware of its existence but the needs for greenery was overwhelmed by the fact that people has to cross a huge street to be able to reach it. It is the walk-ability factor that counts. Therefore, not only it is very important that this greenery is accessible within 3 minutes of walking, the obstacles between the pedestrian and the greenery also needs to be reduced

5. Accessible Green (60)

“People need green open places to go to; when they are

close they use them, but if the greens are more than three minutes away, the distance overwhelms the need.”

View from Forsyth Park, Savannah, USA. This beautiful park becomes the heart of the city of Savannah and highly accessible from the city

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But when they are too large, the look and feel deserted. A public square has to be the outmost vocal point in the city. This is where the public could feel unified with the town itself. It is the ultimate landmark, and a significant guidance for visitors to understand where they are in the city. It is natural that every public square will swell out at the most important nodes where there is the most activity. And it is the only element in the city which can accommodate the public gatherings, small crowds, festivities, bonfires, shouting which must have their place in the life of the town.

6. Small Public Squares (61)

“A public square is the largest, most public rooms that the town has.”

Placa de Catalunya is considered to be the center of Barcelona, and is where the Eixample and the old city meet

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In such condition, interaction does not encourage much of communication. Shop keeper in a chain shop/supermarket can never replace the hospitality and warmth atmosphere from the shop owner himself. It works the same even in higher level, the larger the shops, the less personal their service is. This is also due to the limitation that the shopkeepers have almost no control over the good they sell, the food they serve; policies are tightly controlled; the personal quality of individually owned shops is altogether broken down. To get this quality back, encourage the development of individually owned shops. Approve applications for business licenses only if the business is owned by those people who actually work and manage the store. Approve new commercial building permits only if the proposed structure includes many small rental spaces.

7. Individually Owned Shops (87)

“In a chain shop/supermarket transaction is between the shop keeper and the customer.”


A simple grocery belongs to one of the merchants in Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, Australia

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This happens partly because the cars have taken over streets, and made them uninhabitable. Most of the time, it is the scale of the street that prevent pedestrian to feel comfortable walking on it. Some of them are too wide and all of the cars are moving too fast and this will make the street becomes abandoned and dangerous. To recreate the social intercourse of public movement, the movement between rooms, offices, departments, buildings, must actually be outdoors, on sheltered walks, arcades, paths and streets, which are truly public and separate from cars. Even though there should still be some junction that could be pass through the network of paths and cars (52). At this case the width of the street has to be sufficient for car to pass through while at the same time encouraging interactions between pedestrians in both sides of the streets.

8. Pedestrian Street (100)

“In today’s society, people movement is taking place in indoor corridors and lobbies, instead of

outdoors.”


View from a pedestrian street in Flensburg, Germany

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Defines NEIGHBORHOOD BOUNDARY (15) to form a distinctive society; arrange a NETWORK OF

PATHS AND CARS (52) to ease access from and to the area; place PEDESTRIAN STREET (100)

intersects the NETWORK OF PATHS AND CARS (52) to create a meeting point between cars and

pedestrians while at the same time generate a safe and comfortable pedestrian areas. Establish a WEB

OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT (16) in a strategic place adjacent to ACTIVITY NODES (30); convert one

block of the main road into a PROMENADE (31), arrange MARKET OF MANY SHOPS (46) along this

PROMENADE (31). Place STREET CAFÉ (88), CORNER GROCERY (89), BEER HALL (90),

TRAVELER’S INN (91), FOOD STANDS (93), and with OPENING TO THE STREET (165) along the

PEDESTRIAN STREET (100), make sure all of these space activators are INDIVIDUALLY OWNED

SHOPS (87). Limit the height of these buildings into FOUR-STORY LIMIT (21); eventually, don’t

forget to place a SMALL PARKING LOTS (103) nearby. The arrangement of all these patterns will

theoretically complete the pattern an “IDENTIFIABLE NEIGHBORHOOD (14)”

IDENTIFIABLE NEIGHBORHOOD

2.2. Arranging the Pattern

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2.3. Strategic Vision Poster


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A B

C

3. Road Extension to Hubert Street. Provides additional access to the site via pedestrian oriented lane.

Pacific Motorway to The Brisbane’s CBD

Pacific Motorway to Gold Coast

1

2

3 4

5

1. Leopard St Extension, serves vehicle with two extension lanes heading to Gold Coast

2. Vulture St and Main st Intersection. Heavily congested during traffic hours. Proposed additional lanes

4. Connection to existing bus lane is preserved. Modification on ramp slope’s is necessary

5. Bus Ramp to existing underground bus lane is preserved.

Vulture St via motorway

Main St intersection

Stanley St (one way)

Vulture St (one way)

Water St (one way via southbank)

3.1.Strategic Planning

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3.2.Mapping and Analysis








Building’s footprint needs to adjust with the layout of the road. The grey area represents the mid-low storey's zone.

Different height and topography’s condition of the site significantly determined the location of the tower. These towers need to be strategically positioned to maximize the visibility of the site

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A

B

The Site possess two potential entrance for pedestrian. Judging from the walk-ability and the surrounding of the site. The first main entrance (A) is located on the main intersection of Vulture St and existing Leopard St. This entrance presents a sensible direction for pedestrian access due to its adjacency with the Kangaroo Point’s Residential Precinct

The second main entrance (B) is located next to the bus station as the main distribution point. Therefore it needs a welcoming transition such as a small public square and accessible green

Urban Connection as the heart of the pedestrian movement. This is where the highest concentration level of activity is occurred. Responded with market place design.

A generous portion of the site is allocated for greenery to reduce the urban heat effect due to the contour’s condition of the site

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Exit 2 is re-located right next to the motorway to maximize space efficiency

Vulture St exit is preserved yet it is proposed to be under the ground now

Existing bus way lane is preserved but will be completely underground Transition Lane provides

immediate possibility to turn around

Pacific Motorway Entrance is re-located right next to the motorway to maximize space efficiency

Exit 2 to Stanley St is preserved

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1 1

2

3

4

5

Vulture St, Main St, Stanley St, and Allen St formed a High Speed Traffic Circulation around the site. (the big picture)

I proposed inner circulation for flexibility inside the side, incorporating a major access via one way road combined with two ways lane on several entrance

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Leopard St is converted particularly for inner circulation. The vehicle flow from Leopard St intend to go to motorway is now altered to the new extension.

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2

3

1

3.3 Street Section

Street 1 Presents major opportunity to draw the traffic into the site. It operates mainly from Vulture St and posses two lanes with single direction to ensure traffic clarity to the area with two temporary parking spots on both side of the street.

Street 2 A very wide open street next to the main park at the site. This street is also consisted of two lanes with single direction and a parallel parking next to the park

Street 3 Mainly functioned as the main gateway to the site. Incorporates four major lanes to serves both direction (in-out). There is no temporary parking space on both side to reduce congestion

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5

4

6

Street 4 Mainly functioned as secondary entrance to the site. Consisted of two lane ways to serves both direction and ensure flexibility (in-out). It also incorporated parallel parking space on both sides.

Street 5 As some part of Leopard St is taken away and diverted into the new extension. There is a significant possibility of increase traffic flow on the Vulture – Main St intersection. Therefore it Is sensible to propose additional turning lane to Main St.

Street 6 Mainly functioned as the main gateway to the site. Incorporates four major lines to serves both direction (in-out). There is no temporary parking space on both side to reduce congestion

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3.3 Street Section

3.4. Site Section

Matter Private Hospital

Allen St

Underground Bus Lane

Public Arcade

Roof Garden

10 m Setback to building over podium

Pacific MWY

Leopard St Extension to

Motorway

Greenwall Feature’s on Tower’s Façade to

filter airborne and distribute fresh air. Also

promotes sustainable technology


Roof Garden

Urban

This section incorporates several key streets such as Allen St and Main St and its relationship to the purposed building.

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Allen St – Main St Section

Connection

Indoor Arcade / Plaza

Indoor Promenade

Inner Vehicle Circulation (Ex-Leopard St)

Arcade

Inner vehicle circulation

Main St

5m Setback Awning

Roof Garden

This section incorporates several key streets such as Main St and

Allen St and its relationship to the purposed building.

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3.4. Site Section Allen St – Main St Section

Stanley St

Vulture St


Entrance Park

Inner vehicle circulation

Main Arcade

Void

Main Park

Inner vehicle circulation + Parking Spot

This section incorporates several key streets such as Vulture St

and Stanley St and its relationship to the purposed

building.

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3.4. Site Section Vulture St – Stanley St Section


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Building Proposal

Leopard St is converted particularly for inner circulation. The vehicle flow from Leopard St intend to go to motorway is now altered to the new extension.

A

B

C

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S

Theatre / Opera House Designing a Theatre/ Opera House presents a profound opportunity and benefits to the site. However several pre-requisite need to be satisfied in order to successfully activate the site. The building needs to carry a significantly important meaning to the surrounding. Either from the sculptural element of the building or its social value. For instance the Oslo Opera House. It generates an instant public square as well as open arcade for the public by incorporating its sculptural element as a huge ramp to capture the coast view of Oslo.

A

The opera house will be able to maintain visitors to the site as a compliment to the Gabba Stadium. These two major element can create a consistent human flow to the site when each of them held an event simultaneously

W Designing a successful theatre can be a challenging task and sometimes can cost a lot of money. Therefore careful consideration and judgment needs to be conducted prior to building construction

O Sculpturally pleasing building can significantly draw people’s attention to the site. This can be a good starting point for the UDA’s development. Additionally, its adjacency to the Motorway can be beneficial as self-promotion

T Unsuccessful public facilities can cause an enormous lost of profit and disadvantages.

The roof of the building angles to ground level creating a large plaza inviting pedestrians to walk up and enjoy the panoramic views of Oslo. The angles and paving materials are also skateboard-friendly allowing skateboarders to use some areas. This is a very good resolution on how to make lively and active public spaces.

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S

Market of Many Shops In order to draw people to the site, they must be given a reason on the first place. One of the easiest way to draw people’s attention is to create a shopping arcade with a busy promenade surrounded by a walk-able pedestrian street. The quality and the experience on the promenade is not necessary to be modern. There are many traditional quality that can be mix with simple design of the building.

B

Presents a feasible ideation to create a level of consistency of people visiting the site. This level of consistency might encourage a new cultural development on the area to replace the blandness of the surrounding area

W Uncontrolled market growth may possess some disadvantages such as garbage and waste issues. Maintenance can also be quite expensive when the market has exceed their capacities

O Adjacency with Kangaroo’s Point Residential precinct and several high-rise residential surrounding the area offers an opportunity to generate visitor’s on a daily basis, in which means people who come to the site regularly

T While the cultural opportunity might present, there is also a market-driven society threats. A market-driven society such as chain restaurant may not add any cultural value to the site, instead it erodes them.

High-Rise Residential / Kangaroo Point Residential Precinct

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S

Sustainable Commercial Building The adjacency of the site with Kangaroo Point offers a numerous possibility as an urban catalyst to Brisbane’s southern hemisphere. A sustainable Commercial Building could become a pioneer for introducing sustainability lifestyle to Brisbane’s CBD to another level. Features, such as green wall also provide important benefit to filter airborne from the motorway and distribute fresh air to the site

C

Apart from self-promotion design, a successful sustainable design can have an immediate impact to the surrounding. For instance, the benefits of thermal comfort produced could overcome the heat-bowl effect from the topography of the site

W Inappropriate design resolution might increase expenditure in terms of maintenance and life-cycle of the technology

O The existence of Motorway could also help promote this precinct as initial precedence of green technology. The building design could be sculpted in a way that vehicle users can see the intended purpose of the building to introduce sustainable technology to Brisbane.

T Many Green features carries several eco-system benefits such as increasing biodiversity life of several insects or bugs that may cause some inconvenience.

Along the edge of the park, the building steps up, floor-by-floor, in a stratification of low, landscaped terraces. Each terrace floor contains an array of gardens for meditation, relaxation, and escape from the congestion of the city, while the top terrace becomes a grand belvedere, providing an incomparable view of the bay of Fukuoka and the surrounding mountains.

CONTOUR

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Woollongabba's Strategic Planning

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