Wood Types and More

Commercial Importance of Wood

• People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper.

• Wood is also used as a composite material when mixed with other materials such as plastics in new decking materials.

How is wood harvested?

• Cutting Trees is labor intensive, and is often done with large machines to ease the labor load and increase production.

• Jobs related to lumber industry.• Processing lumber.– Transportation– Lumber mill– Sales

Wood

Cutting Lumber

Relatively consistentStableGood for woodworking and cabinet making.

Less stableDue to direction of cuts. Great yield from the log.

Great looking wood, a lot of waste material.

Types or classifications of wood

• Softwoods Conifers– Pine– Hemlock– Fir– Cedar

Types or classifications of wood• Hardwoods Deciduous• Red Oak

• White Oak

Hardwoods Deciduous

• Walnut

• Cherry

Hardwoods Deciduous

• White Maple

• Padouk

Hardwoods Deciduous

• Canary

• Ash

Variations in grain

• Burl wood….

Birds Eye

Where to buy wood for Projects?

• Lumber yards –

• Big Box Stores–

• Mills Online directly from the source• Specialty Stores such as

• Common Methods for Pricing LumberLumber is usually sold in one of two ways: by the lineal inch, or by some method based on the square foot dimensions of the lumber being sold. Of the two, the "lineal inch" method of pricing lumber is the simplest and most familiar. Lumber sold by the lineal inch is cut to a specific width before it is offered for sale. The price is determined by the length of the material being purchased. A 12'' long hardwood board priced at $.10/in. in. costs $1.20.

• "Random-width lumber" is lumber that's not cut to a specific width before it is sold. As the name implies, the width of boards sold as random-width lumber varies. Woodworkers who buy random-width lumber cut the lumber to width themselves, and understand that some amount of waste will be generated in the process.

• A pricing system for random-width lumber has to take the varying widths of the boards being sold into account. The most common method of pricing random-width lumber is by the "board foot." Board feet are calculated by multiplying the surface area of the lumber (measured in square feet) by the thickness of the lumber (measured in inches).

• Examples: • A board that's 1'' thick, 12'' wide and 24'' long is:

(1 foot wide) x (2 feet long) x (1 inch thick) = 2 board feet of lumber.

• A board that's 2'' thick, 12'' wide and 24'' long is:(1 foot wide) x (2 feet long) x (2 inches thick) = 4 board feet of lumber.

Cost of lumber in this shop

• Sold by the board foot.

Board Footage

Thickness” x Width” x Length’ ________________________ = Board Feet 144

Calculating board footage for garden box

Pine is $1.96 Board Foot

Job Application

• Complete Application• Use Capital Printing.• Use correct spelling• Neat• Complete all sections except social security if

requested.

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Can you read a ruler?

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2/16 is Improper and needs to be reducedDivide both denominator and numerator by 2 to become 1/8.Reduce 12/16 and 14/16 to ?

What are the steps to problem solving?

• State the Problem• Collect information• Develop possible solutions• Select the best solution• Implement the solution• Evaluate the solution