Issue #2, Volume #2 Class of 2014 Spring 2011

Innovators continue to impact

our world in a wide variety of

ways. How we view these

changes constantly evolves.

Take a look at innovators

such as:

-Albert Einstein

-Henry Ford

-Walt Disney

-Francisco Madero

-Jackie Robinson

...and many more!

New Tech Academy @

Wayne HS

9100 Winchester Road Fort Wayne, IN 46819

(260) 467-6500 (Phone) (260) 467-6493 (Fax) www.fwcs.k12.in.us

Volume 2, Issue 2

Spring 2011

Publishers

Melissa Cox & Riley Johnson

Contributing Writers

Students of First Period World Studies Class

Cover Picture

Jackie Robinson

Trust,

Respect,

& Responsibility

Note: This magazine is not meant for redistribution or for resale. We are not the owner of many pictures throughout article and all copyrights are protected by original owner.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Innovators

Pg. 4-8: Native Americans

Pg. 9-13: Louis Armstrong

Pg. 14-21: Wright Brothers

Pg. 22-27: Leonardo Da Vinci

Pg. 28-32: John Deere

Pg. 33-38: Walt Disney

Pg. 39-42: George Eastman

Pg. 43-47: Albert Einstein

Pg. 48-54: Henry Ford

Pg: 44-44: Bill Gates

Pg. 55-60: Vladimir Lenin

Pg. 61-65: Francisco Madero

Pg. 66-71: Michelangelo

Pg. 72-76: Jackie Robinson

Pg. 77-82: Jonas Salk

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Dear Reader, Albert Einstein once said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge.” Some will argue that this statement is crazy, but the two together can be a powerful thing. Our World Studies class examined some of the most important innovators throughout his-tory to see what their impact on society was. In today’s ever-changing world, it is important that you provide literature that reaches beyond your culture. For this reason, we chose to create a bi-lingual magazine in English and Spanish. As historiographers, we chose to look at each innovator through THREE distinct views. In order to understand the impact, we had to see how societies view of the innovator has either changed or continued from the ORIGIN, into the PAST VIEW, and currently in the PRESENT VIEW. We hope that you can gain a better understanding of the exact impact that these powerful inno-vators have had and still continue to have on our very own global culture. Thank you and enjoy our magazine. World Studies Class New Tech @ Wayne HS 2011

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Works Cited William G. "Living with Fire: Making Wise Choices - Native Americans." Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry - USDA Forest Service. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.na.fs.fed.us/fire_poster/nativeamer.htm>. Williams, Gerald W. "American Indian Use of Fire in Ecosystems References." Wildland Fire: Home of the Wildland Firefighter. 18 May 2001. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.wildlandfire.com/docs/biblio_indianfire.htm>. Williams, Gerald W. University at Buffalo - Wings Central Campus Web Server. 23 Aug. 1994. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://wings.buffalo.edu/anthropology/Documents/firebib.txt>.

Los Nativos Americanos uso fuego a estancia caliente. Ellos cree sus fácil a crear.

Have you ever thought to yourself, “What if fire never came about?” “Who was the inspiration of fire,” is also a com-mon question. The Native Americans were the first to discover fire and used it in various ways to benefit their culture. They used fire for eleven documented rea-sons. A wild fire was never really in-tended but it became a good use for clear-ing the land for the Indians and their many innovations. The Native Americans used fire rarely. It was only used certain times of the year for special reasons. Say farming season was coming the Natives would set fire to clear the land and use ashes as a fertilizer. The reason we can tell that someone has had a fire in North America is by examining the tree rings. The oppo-site side of the tree that was burning will have a scar on it. By the tree scar you can tell how often the fires started, how severe they were, and what direction the fire had came from.. Natives used fire for countless reasons that still help us in day to day life. They use to trap their animals in like a little cir-cle that was easier for them to kill them. Also cook and roast crickets and grass-hoppers. Last they would use smoke to drive the bees out of their nest to collect their honey.

1910--> Un fuego empezando en la Minnesota frontera.

1900 Los Nativo Ameri-cano empiezan empleo fuego.

Tajo arroyo agricultural es crea en los ilustración

By Teshlynn Shuttleworth

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Quatinya Ellis-McCall 4-28-11 World Studies/ Spanish

A young boy living in the streets of New Orleans with his single mother and her only job is being a prostitute. Around the time of Louis Armstrong childhood, jazz was not very popular yet. When Louis Armstrong was a child, his father left him and the family and took off with another woman. This happened when he was just an infant. An-other sad thing happened when he was still a baby his mother left him and his sister Beatrice. At the age of five he moved back in with his mother and some other relatives. When he was young he went to Fisk School for boys were mu-sic such as Creole music was there. He had many jobs when he was young. He was a paper boy, and he sold discarded food to restaurants, but he could only do so much. His mother was still a prostitute. Louis Armstrong joined a band in New Orleans. A man named Professor Peter Davis taught Armstrong musical training. Arm-strong learned from Bunk Johnson, Buddy Petit, Kid Ory , and his favorite Joe “King” Oliver. Louis Armstrong is mostly famous for his ability to make such great jazz music. Louis Armstrong has really inspired all jazz artists across the world, especially Africans Americans.

Mr. Armstrong was famous musician by 1929, he went on tour in America and Europe as a trumpet soloist accompanied by big band for sev-eral years beginning in 1935. He made beautiful music such as the songs That’s my home and Body and Soul and Star Dust were really big hits. 1947 he was featured as good humored entertainer. He played a dramatic role in the film New Orleans. He also produced hits such as Mack the knife and Hello Dolly. His last movie that he was ever in was “Hello Dolly!” This by the way was one of his best pieces of work. African Americans really look up to Louis Armstrong because he has accom-plished a lot in his lifetime that we are really thankful for because he has paid the way for musi-cians everywhere.

Louis Armstrong jugando a noc-

turne.

Louis Armstrong’s Hollywood posi-

ciónde estrella.

Louis Armstrong Nace Augusto 4, 1901.

Nace en Luisiana Nueva Orleáns.

El va musica escuela para chicos.

El gustas tu jugar musica.

La Armstong cálido cinco y siete de 1925-1928.

Cuáles el was la primero mejor; músico de jazz.

Fallecido Julio 6, 1971 en Nueva York.

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Every one has their own preference of music: Rock, Rap, Hip-Hop, Blues, Country, Hardcore, Punk, the list goes on and on. A lot of people have different opinions on genres, but think about how music has progressed. It all started with classical orchestra bands, such as Mozart, Beethoven, and Bach. Eventually music modernized with the inception of Blues. The Blues brought it all together with artists such as Blind-Eye Willy, James Brown, Blind Boy Fuller, and John Lee Hooker. The blues morphed and merged into a new, faster, upbeat genre called “Jazz”. One man made Jazz what it is today, and that man was Louis Armstrong.

““If you have to have to ask what jazz is, ask what jazz is, you'll never know.”you'll never know.”

-Louis Armstrong Louis Armstrong was an African-American born in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1901 to a very poor family, when the blues was in its golden age. At the time Armstrong had no fascination with music, but then, it happened. One fateful New Years Eve, he decided to shoot a gun into the air, and was then sent to a reform school. There he became interested in the blues and started playing cornet in the school band. After playing with the school brass band, eventu-ally, Armstrong played all over the jazz circuit with his mentor, Joe "King" Oliver. Word of Louis’ expertise was spreading, and fast.

Fame called in 1922 when Oliver, who was leading a band in Chicago, requested that Arm-strong play cornet in his band. This is where Louis began his rise in popularity. Many people saw him as a visionary and a prodigy. No one had seen such a phenomenal trumpeter before, and he was chang-ing the jazz scene. After playing with Oliver, and a pianist, named Lil’ Hardin’, Armstrong then mar-ried the pianist in 1924. After being pushed by his wife, Armstrong decided to take his fame farther and recorded with large orchestras in Chicago and New York.

Louis Armstrong tocando trumpeta

Un Corneta

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Many people saw Louis as an innovator of jazz because he jumped the wall and took the trumpet to a new level. He tried new things no one had thought of before. Instead of just mak-ing new ideas for jazz, he made them his own. Armstrong was also an actor, respectively, and played small parts in movies as a good natured humorous man. Soon Louis became ill, and his trumpeting took and downhill turn, but he continued signing. Sadly, Louis Armstrong died in 1971 of a heart attack, 11 months before his 71st birthday.

Louis Armstrong will go down in history as one of the most influential jazz musicians. Without him, much of the music we have today would vanish. When you look at what he did in the past you can see why he was so important and revered as such an innovator. He changed people, he changed music, and he changed the world.

Armstrong’s mentor, Joe “King” Oliver

Arsmtrong’s primero esposa, Lil’ Hardin’.

Las madre de Louis Armstrong esta mandando lo un reforma escuela.

Oliver esta pregun-tando Arm-strong a juntar el grupo

Arm-strong esta casando Lil' Hardin.

Armstrong esta gra-bando el mas impor-tante con-cion

Arm-strong esta mundan-zando a Nueva York.

1913

1922

1924

1924

1929

By Nolan Dye

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Works Cited

Devito, Mary. "Louis Armstrong." The Red Hot Jazz Archive. Red Hot Jazz. Web. 04 May

2011. <http://www.redhotjazz.com/louie.html>.

"Louis Armstrong: A Cultural Legacy." The National Portrait Gallery. NPG. Web. 04 May

2011. <http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/armstrong/index.htm>.

Satchmo. "Louis Armstrong Biography." Biography.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 04

May 2011. <http://www.biography.com/articles/Louis-Armstrong-9188912?part=0>.

1900- Buddy Bolden está creando jazz. Él es el inventor de jazz.

1914- El teatro de Apollo está abriendo. Car-reras de Billie Holi-day, Ella Fitzgerald, y Sarah Vaughan comienzan aquí.

1917- “The Original Dixie-land Jazz Band” está grabando jazz para la primera vez. Ellos venden un millón copias.

The dark smoky room surrounds you, tables are filled and the room is full. The soft murmurs of voices start to subside as the next musicians enter the stage. The bass opens with a strong beat while the trumpet sings a soft jazz rhythm. This is one of the clubs that jazz still lives in; places like this are not easy to find just anywhere. The music scene has been eaten up by rock and hip-hop. Nevertheless, night after night, the strong smell of cigars blends with the smooth-ness of the music called jazz. Charles “Buddy” Bolden started jazz in 1900, since then it has gone through many changes. Louis Armstrong, being one of the most influential innovators of jazz, has helped shape jazz

into what it is today. When Buddy Bolden first started jazz, the normal for a band was to play whatever they wanted. This probably does not sound very appealing, but band members would play to each other’s music. Technically, each band member was putting on his own solo the same time as the rest of the band. However around 1920 that all changed thanks to Louis Armstrong. Louis decided it would be better if bands played together and each per-son had their own solo separately. This stuck and now in today’s music it is still played the same.

There are many types of genres of music we have today, and they all came from somewhere. Every type of music

has its own origin that it rose from, as an example; jazz came from blues in 1900. Blues music came around the late 1800’s as a vent for African Americans living hard lives. They sang about their problems to help them get through the day on plantations and life in general. So where did we get all the music we have today? It all originated from blues and jazz.

Charles “Buddy” Bolden empieza jazz. Esto es solamente foto de Buddy.

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1919- La prohibición em-pieza. La prohibición está deteniendo el venta de alcohol.

1920—1930’s- El renacimiento de Harlem sigue a inspi-ran gente

There are many types of genres of music we have today, and they all came from some-where. Every type of music has its own origin that it rose from, as an example; jazz came from blues in 1900. Blues music came around the late 1800’s as a vent for African Americans living hard lives. They sang about their prob-lems to help them get through the day on plan-tations and life in general. So where did we get all the music we have today? It all origi-nated from blues and jazz. Jazz grew so much from the 1900’s to the 1940’s, a lot of the popularity coming from the prohibition and the Harlem Renaissance. Dur-ing the prohibition the sale of alcohol was banned in the United States, the fact that drink-ing was illegal now made everyone want to do it more. Secret clubs called “speak-easys” were parties in Chicago where moonshine and illegal booze was plentiful. Now how did this affect jazz music? Well at every great party, there has to be great music and jazz was the epitome of great music. There were hundreds of these speak-easys every night during the prohibition. Then the Harlem Renaissance came in New York, this put Jazz music at its all time high. The Harlem Renaissance was a highly publicized event for African Americans. Jazz was the music of the Harlem Renaissance, because of that jazz was also highly publicized. Now almost all of America was in love with the music, it was the most popular music of the time.

Louis Armstrong está comenzando para Kind Oliver. King Oliver está sentando para corneta.

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In the late 1940’s and 1950’s jazz starts to de-cline. New music is coming out, Rock n’ Roll has started and Elvis is ripping up the stage. As time goes on, more and more music is being recorded and jazz is being left in the dust. It is how everything goes; the once new thing (jazz) is now old and tossed in the trash like an old box of crackers. One of the biggest things that Louis Armstrong and jazz did was brake down the walls of segre-gation in music. I think that this achievement was one of the biggest influences on culture not only back then but today too. Jazz musicians might not have played together on stage but black and white musicians would play together in the clubs after hours. They would play to-gether, give each other advice, and just have fun. Now musicians of every race play music together on the same stage thanks to Louis Armstrong and jazz. In today’s world, I do not think people really realize what jazz and Louis Armstrong have done for the music today. If Louis did not play jazz and never changed it the way he did I do not think we would have the same music we do today. I do not think everyone appreciates what he has done for music. To me it seems like Louis is stuck in the back of the crowd while all these new artists are taking all the credit for making today’s music. In the future, it is still going to be the same. Jazz will just keep get-ting older and older until no one even knows what the word jazz means anymore.

Which came from Blues and Jazz

which came from Rock n’ Roll

which came from Clas-sic Rock

Metal came today’s Rock

Think about this heavy metal fans

Works Cited Biography.com. "Louis Armstrong Biography." Bi-

ography.com. A&E Telivision Network, 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. <http://www.biography.com/articles/Armstrong-Louis-9188912>.

National Portrait Gallery. "Louis Armstrong: A Cultural Legacy." The National Portrait Gallery. National Portrait Gallery, 2010. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.npg.si.edu/exh/armstrong/index.htm>.

Redhotjazz.com. "Louis Armstrong." The Red Hot Jazz Archive. 2010. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. <http://www.redhotjazz.com/louie.html>.

By Dustin Swartout

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How would we be able to exchange items with other countries far away? How would we be able to travel to faraway places faster than driving? What would our world look like with-out airplanes? Airplanes have made a huge impact on our world. They make us able to travel to different countries, send items to people who do not live down the street, and give us something to look up to in the sky that is entertaining. And none of this would exist if it was not for the Wright Brothers.

Orville and Wilbur Wright began their interest in Arial Engineering, the study of airplanes, after the death of Otto Lilienthal. His death was caused of the injuries of he received from the failure of his newest plane. They also wrote a letter to the Smithsonian saying they have an idea on how they can make a working airplane. They found the problems they needed to watch for, and they even used their knowledge from when they were involved with the bi-cycle to their advantage. The bicycle was unstable, but con-trollable. So they saw no reason why the airplane could not be unstable, but controllable.

T h e y decided to warp the wings so they could keep the wings parallel. It would make the plane lighter than having multiple wires running from left and right to keep the wings lined up. They first started with a kite design much like the suc-cessful one called the Chanute-Herring glider. When Wilbur tested the kite in a field in front of a group of school boys, it did everything he commanded. It was a success, so he went back and told Orville, and they began to make a full-sized piloted glider. Soon after this success, they began to study aerodynam-ics and structure preparation for building a glider for one to fly on.

Wilbur Wright (righto) y Orville Wright (izquirrda) eatan cami-nando. Ellos hablan so-bre US Avions. Este se cambio la technologia y la communicacion siem-

“The airplane stays up because it doesn’t have the time to fall” - Orville Wright

By Paul Wiedeman

When the Wrights moved to a farm near Richmond, Indiana, the Wright boys saw their friends flying kites. They didn’t have enough money to buy a kite, so they went to the junkyard and made their own. When their friends saw the Wright’s kites flying higher than theirs, they asked them to make one for them because they thought they were so cool. In 1884 they moved back to Dayton, Ohio and the Wrights started their Printing Business. In 1890 other print-ing businesses came about, the Wright Brother’s drifted away because they had a new interest: bicycles. In 1980’s, the Wright Brothers found a way to keep dirt out of the ball bearings of the wheels so they rolled more easily. In 1899, Wilbur was bored with bikes and he had a thought, what about solving the mystery of flying?

Wilbur Wright was born on April 16, 1867. He was the third child in the Wright Family. He roamed their house won-dering how everything worked. He was cu-rious as a child. When the Wrights moved from Hartsville, Indiana to Dayton, Ohio Wilbur was very careful about what water he drank because he didn’t want contami-nated water. On April 19, 1871 Orville Wright was born. The two got along very well. They were home schooled by their mother. They were very curious in how things worked when they were young, so their mother and father let them take things apart to see how they work. One day, their father came home with a type of flying toy that really interested the boys. So when they got their hands on it, they looked at it, played with it, and then took it apart to see how it works. After that, they made many of copies of them!

Planes have done brilliant things for us. They give us the opportunity to travel to other countries, trade with other worldwide businesses, and entertainment when we look up in the sky. When the Wright Brothers solved the mystery of flying, it got the atten-tion of people everywhere. Planes became known everywhere; it was the newest inven-tion that would change the world.

Los Hermanos poiluetaje US Avion en Kitty Hawk. Ellos tienen Wilbur o Orville en el

terreno rieloj

July 1899—Wilbur con-struye cometa con ala August 1900—

Ellos decidena construer la cometa a lleven un hombre October 1903—

Wright Her-monos incluyen un motor en sus 1903 US AVion January 1904—

Ellos empiezan otro maqueta, y vuelan en cam-pode Huffman’s

August 1908—Ellos vuelan a Francia

"The Wright Brothers." Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.

National Air and Space Museum. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://

www.nasm.si.edu/wrightbrothers/index_full.cfm>.

Por Raquel RL Shie

When we were kids, we all wanted to have super powers. Some kids wanted to be invisible, while others wanted super strength. I for one wanted to breathe under water. But, the most common thing every kid wanted the ability to do? They wanted the power of flight. The Wright Brothers made flying possible December 17th, 1903. Their success completely revolu-tionized the way we see the world.

Being able to soar in the skies among the birds was only a dream in the 1800’s. Engineers would gaze at them in jealousy. Many had attempted the concept of human flight, but none had succeeded. The idea traces all the way back to the 1400’s. Leonardo Da Vinci was inspired by the wings of a bat to create a glider. He, as you can see, failed. Another aeronautical engi-neer, Otto Lilienthal focused his life’s work on trying to get mankind into the air. His un-timely death in 1898 ultimately sparked the interest of the Wright Brothers. They were the proud owners of a bicycle shop in Dayton, Ohio, and lived a simple life. The Wrights looked at Lilienthal’s death in the

Los Hermanos Wright De el pasado

“A pair of self‐taught engineers 

working in a bicycle shop, they made 

the  world  a  forever  smaller  place.”      

‐Bill Gates 

news, and found that the way he died was very peculiar. Lilienthal’s death was due to wind gusts overtaking a glider he had self fashioned out of metal and aerofoils, the mercy of the wind caused his glider to crash and lead to his passing. He had been testing it frequently to uncover the secret that was the lift. This eluded all aeronautical engineers from their dream fulfillment.

At this upbringing, the Wrights decided to take up aeronautics themselves to examine whether or not they could uncover the secret to human flight. Their experimental phase between

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1899 and 1902, landed them crashing and fumbling with the concept. Though they never gave up. And a good thing they didn’t, because December 17th, 1903 the Wright brothers made the first suc-cessful flight in history. All of their failures only taught them what not to do, and they learned all the way. The Wrights flew a total of 120 feet in 12 sec-onds.

Their final succession made the world in-finitely smaller, and changed travel forever. "They have conquered the land and reached for the sky. Is there nothing that they will not seek to change?" says a foreign observer. Indeed, is there no feat that we won't try to accomplish? The invention of the airplane created a faster way to navigate overseas, and over long distances. Though, it wasn't com-pletely safe, it was economized to the government for military use.

From the first version to now, the airplane has completely evolved. And as such, so did the world around it. In convergence it made it possible for people to be able to travel to different countries easier, and brought them overseas. Bringing broken

families back together again. As in when a member of the family leaves their country for the US, they be-lieved they would never see their loved ones again. Af-ter the invention of the airplane took off, it was possi-ble for the grandchild of the immigrant to navigate over sees many times a moon. In divergence, people left their homes, and families to explore foreign lands. Families shredded to bits and pieces, and scattered all over by forcing international warfare into every waking moment of their lives. The Wrights supplied us with the knowledge, it was up to us to put it to use. Whether the use is for good, or the opposing, be up to the user. We could never withhold the information from the wrong hands. Because how were we to know that the man in the turban was the wrong hands?

Los Hermanos Wright (Orville izquierda y Wilbur derecha) estan caminar. 

Knauer, Kelly. Time 100: Builders & Titans : Great Minds of the Century. New York: Time, 1999. Print.

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Conmemorativo de los  Hermanos Wright. 

El vuelo murciélago inspira Da Vinci 

empezar  planeando las ciencias de 

el planeador. 

1480’s 

Los Hermanos Wright  

encuentran una empresa de 

Bicicletas y ellos son  

inventores de la bicicleta 

seguridad. 

1892 

Orville y Wilbur están expiremen‐

tando con la aviacíon y no tienen 

exitos de volar y empiezan estar 

aprendiendo el camino correcto de 

volar. 

Wilbur y Orville están pensando pat‐

entar sus control avion sistema. 

Orville vende el interés en industrial 

avion. 

Los Hermanos Wright inspiras por ideas 

de Otto Lilienthal, y empiezan seguiendo 

sus trabajos. 

Ellos aprenden el camino  

correcto de volar y el primero 

vuelo exitoso de los Hermanos 

Wright con un avion  está  

improvisando. Wilbur muere de tifoidea. 

Orville muere de un ataque de corazon. 

1898

1899‐1902 

1903

1906

1912 

1915 1948

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By Haleigh Hunley

Have you ever went outside on a clear sunny day, feel-ing the warm summer breeze, then looking towards the sky and all you saw were white streaks running through the glassy atmosphere? Have you ever been outside playing ball or just relaxing, smelling the crisp leaves as they fall to the ground, and then were startled by the great roar of the jets soaring above? Have you ever had that feeling, just before you take off, the one where you feel your adrenaline rushing, then you feel the lift, and next thing you know you hundreds of feet in the air? If you have ever experienced any of these things, you should know who is responsible. Without the Wright Brothers, we may not be able to experience any of these things.

Orville and Wilbur have made a huge impact on to-day’s life, and most people do not even know who they are. Half the people I asked about them said “Wait, who is that, like what did he do?” I personally would have thought almost everyone would know the two men that changed the world, but I see now this is not the case. Though many people do not know Or-ville and Wilbur, they have their own memorial at Trophy Beech, North Carolina. Their impact has not only effected North America, but the whole world. How could anyone not know who these courageous men are?

Thanks to Orville and Wilbur Wright there are over 300 airlines across the world. These are used for several dif-ferent things. The main use is for trans-portation of people. I myself flew in a plane to and from San Diego this spring. If I would have drove, it would have taken me two days to get there, but with their innovation it only took four hours. Air craft’s are also used to transport traded goods much more effi-ciently and less costly. As well as trans-porting people and goods, the helicop-ter was created and used for hospitals to transport medicine, organs, and greatly injured/ill people.

La gente está edificando los aviónes de todos los dias. La gente está encontrando nuevos caminos

de viaja.

Los Hermanos Wright piensan de y experimentan con el

avión.

1903- Los Hermanos Wright

están volando el

primero avión en

Kitty Hawk. Ellos son

inventores porque el-

los crean el avión

1910- El primero avión

lleva de un barco.

Eugene Ely investiga-

mucho para mejorar.

1927- Charles Lindbergh

está planeando el

vuelo de New York a

Paris. La technologia

es difícil aprender.

1937- El motor a reacción

está creado por Frank

Whittle y Hans von

Ohain.

1950’s- Boeing empieza hacer “B-52 Bomber”. El “B-52

Bomber” tiene ocho motores de turborre-

actores.

Transportation of things is just one impact, travel rates and trades are also affected by the Wright Brothers. Without planes people would not be able to travel how they please and get things that are wanted because the speed in which cars and boats go is not as efficient as the planes. Since the creation of the first man powered aircraft, the speed has increased by nearly 7,000 mph. This lets people travel further and faster, and it also helps us with trade. Trade with other countries to-day would be much harder and expensive if we did not have air craft’s. Have you ever noticed when you buy things from the store, most things say “Made in...” or “Came from...”? Most these things were traded to the United States from other coun-tries by plane/air craft. The planes and air craft’s have given us access to many resources.

The Wright Brothers have changed this world, like Bill Gates said “...they have made the world a forever smaller place.” Without the Wright Brothers, we would not have as good of travel, access to many resources that we now need, and transportation that sometimes will save a person’s life. The Wright Brothers have made one of the biggest impacts on today’s life, and everyone around the world needs to know it. Now anytime you see the streaks going through the sky, or hear the roar of the jets above, just know the two men who are responsible; Orville and Wilbur Wright.

La idea de el avión está originando de Otto Lilenthal pero los Hermanos Wright

crean al avión.

Work Cited: Great Achievements. "Airplane Timeline." Greatest Engineering Achievements of the

Twentieth Century. Great Achievements, 2011. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.greatachievements.org/?id=3728>.

Swartz, Karl L. "Airlines of the World." KLS² = Home of Kathy L. and Karl L. Swartz. 2010. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.kls2.com/airlines/>.

Leonardo da Vinci es en el Inventor un es naci en Vinci en quince de abril, catorce cincuenta dos, y fallecida en dos de el mayao, quince diecinueeve, en

A Long Time Ago …. One man painted and fought his way into history his name is Leonardo da Vinci, He was born on April 15, 1452 and lived in Anchiano, near Vinci. He was an Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer. He made paintings, such as the “Last Supper” and the other was the “Mona Lisa”. Both of these took three years to create and these are the famous paint-ing’s he is known for, His Notebooks reveal a spirit of scientific inquiry and a mechanical in-ventiveness that were centuries ahead of their time. Leonardo da Vinci’s parents were unmar-ried at the time of his birth. His father, Serpiero, Was a Florentine notary and Landlord, and his mother, Caterina, was a young peasant woman who shortly thereafter married an artisan, Leo-nardo grew up on his father’s family’s house.

Leonardo’s artistic inclinations must have appeared early. When he was about 15, his father, who enjoyed a high reputation in the Florence Community, apprenticed him to be an artist, An-drea del Verrocchio. In Verrocchio’s renowned Workshop, Leonardo received a multifaceted training that included painting and sculpture as well as the technical mechanical arts.

Uno de Leonardo da Vinci el invento es la ballesta .

Uno de Leonardo da Vinci el in-vento es la máquina de volar .

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1452

Leonardo is born on April 15 in the village of Anchiano, near the town of Vinci.

1467

At 15 Leonardo is sent to Florence to work as apprentice to Andrea De Ver-rocchio.

1472

20 year-old Leonardo is ac-cepted into the painters' guild of Florence.

1476

Leonardo is accused of sodomy; he is publicly humiliated although the charges are later dropped.

1478

The Annunciation is painted. The work, initially credited to Da Vinci, is now believed to have been painted by

By James Romero

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Referred by most as the “Renaissance Man” of the 1400’s, and the great-est mind of all time. Leonardo da Vinci, is considered as the greatest art-ist, inventor, and physicist ever on the planet Earth. Some people would argue and say that da Vinci was insane or crazy With such inventions like the first sketch of the airplane, helicopter, the first alarm clock, and possi-bly the tank and machine gun. Leonardo has had a major contribution in invention and innovation both in the 1400’s and Now. “How can someone from the 1400’s, have any type of impact on us right now?” To answer such questions, we must go back in time to 1898, when the Wright Brothers invented the first airplane. What does this have to do with Leonardo? Well when the Write Brothers were in the planning stages, they had some inspiration from Otto Lilienthal. Now here’s where Leonardo da Vinci comes in. See Otto Lilienthal believed that there was a way to get humans in the air, so did da Vinci. Otto found out about his original flying contraption (which da Vinci got the idea from bats called the Ornithopter) and took the idea, and made some improvements

1488- Leonardo da Vinci esta comenzando el diseño de via-jando máquina.

1506- Él termina la Mona Lisa. Esta pedazo de arte es todavía inspirador pin-tors todos partes

1915- Grand Breta presenta un nuevo deposíto esta inno-vadores de Leo-nardo da Vinci original diseño

1487-El bosquejo llamada “el orni-thopter” está tene por da Vinci.

1498- Leonardo ter-mina él mayoría con-trovertido pedazo llamada La Last Sup-per, que representar el último comida de él Jesus Christ.

Da Vinci didn’t just spend all his time trying to create a flying ma-chine, he’s too complex for that. Let’s look at the parachute for example, its origins can be traced back to the early schematics of a triangular object, that a person would hold on by two strings or rope.

No one actually knows whether or not he actually made the sketched designs (aka schematics), which included a primitive helicopter called Chinook; An eight barreled machine gun (nameless); Possibly even a mechanical knight.See Leonardo was fascinated by the war technology, and one of his most fascinating designs: the worlds first Military tank. Made of mostly wood and iron, this was a fully functional, and versatile tank. In 1915, a ver-sion of the tank was made in Britain to aid in World War I, named “ Little Willie”. Problem with the tank was that in the schematics, the gears were drawn backwards. Da Vinci had done this on purpose, just in case if anyone stole his plans and intended 21

Leonardo wasn’t just a typical inventor, he had a passion for the arts as well. With some of his well known pieces as the Mona Lisa, and the Last Supper(which was suppose to show Jesus last meal before he died on the cross), these are just some of his more famous works of art. These paintings in general have influenced such artist such a Scott Lance, who‘s a photographer that had a major impact from da Vinci’s art style. In an interview from Suite 101, Scott makes a good point saying, “Take a look around, and you’ll see right away, like da Vinci, there’s a lack of divisions,Many people don’t realize that Leonardo did very few paintings. He was also a sculptor, a biologist, an architect. … And I think like him in some ways.” This is so true. Leo-nardo da Vinci has only 20 (surviving) art pieces to his name, but those are some of the most famous pieces, such as The Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, and the less recognized horse sculp-ture, Gran Cavallo.

"Simplicity is the ulti-mate sophistication.”("La simplicidad es la máxima

Leonardo da Vinci wasn’t just a typical human being. He delved in things that most people back the, and now, would think to be crazy or impos-sible. He was even arrested for witchcraft and necrophilia at one point, due to the fact that Leonardo had pages of women and children being dissected. I don’t see this as that big of a problem personally, strange, yes, but he was a visionary that most don’t under-stand.

Da Vinci even said once “Anyone who conducts an argu-ment by appealing to authority is not using his intelligence; he is just using his mem-ory.” What he’s say-ing is that some-times, you need to take some risks that might not be okay with everyone, and he has lived up to his word.

Now let us not focus on the accusations and the bias that people have said, but let us look at the fact that Leonardo da Vinci was and is a genius. Let us remember him as an amazing artist, sculpture, inventor, innovator, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engi-neer, and writer.

By Kamari Allen

Close your eyes and imagine what the world would be like without knowledge on anatomy, how about war fare, or even to the subtleties of the world of art. Yeah, we would be in trouble! Yes without this person we could be in the Stone Age! Leonardo da Vinci is the name, and the Renaissance is the game!

Works Cited Bellis, Mary. "The Inventions of Leonardo DaVinci." Inventors. About.com, 2011. Web. 28

Apr. 2011. <http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventors/ig/Inventions-of-Leonardo-DaVinci/>.

"The Leonardo Da Vinci Timeline!" Leonardo Da Vinci Paintings, Inventions and His Com-plete Biography! Leonardo-Da-Vinci-Biography.com, 30 May 2009. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://www.leonardo-da-vinci-biography.com/leonardo-da-vinci-timeline.html>.

Mr.Olejarz. "Mona Lisa." Welcome to the Wyckoff School District of NJ. Wyckoff Public Schools. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://www.wyckoffschools.org/eisenhower/teachers/olejarz/digitalimaging/mona/largemona.html>.

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Leonardo da Vinci did not just leave things behind; he left a legacy that has inspired people since the Renaissance. Just like Edgar Allen Poe is to poetry, Leonardo da Vinci is to: Invent-ing, painter, sculptor, as well as a great designer. He makes peo-ple want to get out and create their own inventions with the in-spiration from Leonardo da Vinci. People from all around the world love to see his work and are often inspired to remake his works or make an invention that was inspired by da Vinci. Here are some of the great highlights throughout his life.

Leonardo Vinci was a painter, a designer and a whole lot more. But, Leonardo da Vinci is the most well known for some of his world renown art pieces. There is one specific piece of his artwork just so hap-pens to be the Mona Lisa. This painting is the most famous painting in the world (picture A)! This piece is extremely inspiring to the people all around the world. This inspires people to make their own art and to follow in da Vinci’s footsteps. Not only did he leave behind his famous art, but he also left behind schematics and books filled with theories and radical new ideas that were unheard of at the time of the Renaissance and even more inspiring to the people modern day. For instance he made the schematics to a tank and those schematics have been adapted into the modern day tank as well as put into movies just as it was in the book. Another one of his schematics was for a flying device is inspired people today to build the next special flying device/machine. This flying helicopter of today could have originated from this flying machine that da Vinci designed. Some of his schematics include this Flying Machine (corkscrew) and the Armored Tank that started the making of our heavily armored tanks of today(Picture B).

1503 El funcion de mona Lisa es para dinero. Es el Exito de el arte industria. Esta

1483 El propostito de esta para‐caídas es revolucionario.

1498 Uno Arte por davinci es un ultimo cena.

1493 Esta ciencia tene muy dis-vanteja

1485 Leonardo makes the de-signs to his tank.

Monal lisa Esta arte es muy famoso. Muy gente siguen Leonardos arte. Da

Picture B Esta es el cisterna de Leonardo.

By Max Lanning

Have you ever thought for a second who is the creator of the steel plow that farmers use? Also have you ever been driving down the high way and see great big tractors in big fields? Well this is the man that created both of them. John Deere born in Rutland, Ver-mont around the time 1804 died in 1886. Growing up he became a black-smith at about 17 years old. Then he set up his own little business doing work around Vermont. When he was 33 around the year 1837 he headed west to Detour, Illinois. There he set up a blacksmith shop and also a year later moved his wife and kids in with him.

When he was in Illinois he saw that the wooden plow that was used in the eastern part of the United States wasn’t really that sturdy and didn’t work to well for the farmers. So he started to experiment with making a steel plow so that it would be able to push the hard, ruff soil of the field’s. He was blowing up selling about 40 plows in the year 1840. Then by the year 1846 he sold around a thousand plows.

Then he realized that business in Detour wasn’t so well so he sold his business to a place called Andus in 1847. He left Detour and moved to Moline, Ill. When he settled there he started to experiment and use different type of steel. The new steel was called English Steel. Around that time he got with some Pittsburgh manufactures and they helped him with a comparable steel plate. Further down the road by 1857 John Deere had sold about ten thousand plows.

By: Jacob Charles

"I will never put my name on a product that does not have the best that is in me."-John Deere One Said .

25

John Deere es un Herrero en edad diecisiete

1821 El movimiento a Illinois y iniciar un Herrero la tienda

1837

Then in 1858 he took his son Charles Deere in to the busi-ness and took his son in-law Stephen H. Velie in 1863. He ended up naming the business Deere & company. John Deere is still the owner / manager of the company. They build plows and also tractors.

John Deere had an impact on the country. His impact to the country by making the plow is how hard you think farmers work a year to harvest most of your food. Well before they start to grow all of that food, they need to push all the soil and dirt of the fields John Deere had an impact on the country. His impact to the country by making the plow is how hard you think farmers work a year to harvest most of your food. Well before they start to grow all of that food, they need to push all the soil and dirt of the fields

By using the plow it makes it eas-ier. Can you imag-ine trying to do all that with a wooden plow or even by hand? It’s kind of like shoveling snow try to picture your-self using a wooden shovel and not a steel one. That’s what he tried to do and he accomplished it. He wanted to make life easier on the farmers.

su hijo comenzo a trabajar para le

1858- El Tome en su hijo en ley a tra-bajar para le.

1863 John Deere passé fuere

1886

What do you think of when you think of John Deere? Do you think of the logo of a deer or do you think of the bright yellow and green colors? Do you think of the steel plow or other agricultural equipment? All of these things come to mind when I think about John Deere. Well, John Deere could easily be considered one of the most influential agricultural in-novators because he invented the steel plow and innovated the clip-per plow. John Deere is an inventor and innovator. He has changed agricul-ture over the last one hundred years. Not only has he invented the steel plow, but he also modified the clipper plow. He made agriculture and just everyday life much easier by providing people with great farming and lawn care equipment so that they can get the job done faster and cheaper. Today, we would be no where near how we are now without the help of Mr. Deere. . John Deere changed the ag-ricultural industry for the better. He started out as a blacksmith running from debt. While he was a black-smith, he noticed that people

had a lot of extra scrap metal and farmers were complain-ing about the ground being too hard and not being able to soften it up for seeding. That is how John Deere came up with the steel plow in 1837.

“I will never put my name on a product that does not have the best that it is in me.”- John Deere

The year 1837 is also when he started his agri-culture machinery com-pany. The steel plow has impacted our lives whether you know it or not. The steel plow made the land better to farm on. With it, we would have a more limited supply of food. The food that we would have would be more expensive because of the availability. After Deere’s suc-cess with the steel plow, he innovated the clipper plow in 1857. John Deere changed the clipper plow so that it featured a rolling blade. This blade made cutting vegetation easier. Mr. Deere hit another big success when his com-pany bought out Waterloo Boy Tractors and began manufacturing gasoline- powered tractors. They sold over 5,500 models in the first year. (Next Page)

By: Erin Purcell

27

John Deere is easily one of the most influential people for our agriculture. Without him, food would be more expensive, slower to harvest, and some foods would be more limited. He started off just inventing a very simple, but very im-portant, steel plow but then before long, he was inno-vating clipper plows and then making gasoline pow-ered tractors. Someday you should jjust sit down and think, what would our food industry look like without the impact of John Deere?

(Continued from Page 1)Back then, John Deere never used gas until the 1900s. Now, they are still the biggest and most well known manufacturer for both gasoline ran tractors and farming equipment that doesn’t use gas. With out John Deere’s inventions, harvesting crops would be so much more difficult. We wouldn’t have the crops so fast and there would proba-bly be less of some crops only because it would be difficult to harvest them.

Works Cited Drache, Hiram M. "The Im-

pact Of John Deere's Plow." Illinois Peri-odicals Online at Northern Illinois Uni-versity - (Main Page). 2001. Web. 25 Apr. 2011. <http://www.lib.niu.edu>.

"Hall Of Fame Inventor File-

John Deere." Invent Now. 2002. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/39.html>.

John Deer Co. "About Us."

John Deere Home Page Redirect. 2011. Web. 21 Apr. 2011. <http://www.deere.com/>.

"John Deere History." Green-

FunStore. 2001. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.greenfunstore.com/>.

"John Deere." MIT. Dec.

1997. Web. 27 Apr. 2011. <http://web.mit.edu/>.

"Pure Genius: The Inventors'

Hall of Fame." The Independent | News | UK and Worldwide News | Newspaper. 22 Feb. 2008. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.independent.co.uk>.

Este es el acero arado por John Deere.

1837- John Deere esta creando el acero arado.

1857- John Deere modi-fica el arado de cortar para aumentar la función.

1918- La compania de John Deere esta comenzando los tractores corrido por gasolina.

1837- John Deere comienza la agricultura compañía.

1869- Charles Deere, el hijo de John Deere, y Alvah Mansur empiezan el primero sucursal casa.

Este es la mayoría de a petición el

tractores de John Deere.

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Walter Disney started as a paper boy, waking up  at  three a.m.  in the morning to do his pa‐per  route.   He  lived with  his  Fa‐ther Elias Disney, and his Mother Flora Call Disney. Walt was one of five  children.  He  had  3  brothers named,  Herbert,  Raymond,  and Roy. He  also had  a  sister named Ruth.  Walter  had  a  pretty  big family  living  from  Florida  to  Chi‐cago,  to  a  farm  in  Chicago,  to Kansas  City,  and  once  more  re‐turned  to  Chicago.  Seeing  that there  family had moved  to many places  different  things  had changed  within  moving  from school  to  school  for  the kids and for  the  parents  they  would  be getting  different  after  different jobs.  Today  the  house  he  had been born  in  isn’t  a  full house  it contains two apartments. 

 After Walter was born his family had moved  from Chicago  to Marceline,  Missouri.  Walter  loved his  family  over  everything;  Family always came  first  to him. When he was younger he life was very harsh, his  family was very poor. When he was  younger  one  of  his  favorite things were  trains.  He  loved  them so much he had made a mini model 

of one. He had also  loved chili that was one of his favorite foods when growing  up.    Growing  up  he  had loved  to  draw  and  do  art.  He  had started making different cartoons.

By: Kyle Martin

  All our dreams can come true, If  we have the courage to pursue them.               - Walter Disney 

But  the  first  cartoon  he had made  and  had  gone  world‐wide was Oswald the lucky rabbit. But  the  most  known  character Disney  had  created  is,  “Mickey Mouse”.  He  had  created Mickey Mouse  when  he  was  27  which that would  be  the  year  of  1928.  At  his  studio  next  to  one  of  his garbage  cans mice would  just  sit there.  So  one  day  he  got  cages for  three  of  the  mice  and  kept them as pets sitting on top of one of  his  studio  desks.    In  the  next years Walter  had  started  to  cre‐ate  more  and  more  characters.  Some of them were, Donald duck, Pluto, Goofy and many more car‐toon  characters  that  are  very famous till this day.  

1901

Walter Elias Disney es nacido

1918-1919 Walter trabajar como to el miem-bro de el América Ambulancia cuerpo en Francia, y men-tira sobre su la edad a obtener aceptado.

July 1923 Walter dimitir su mismo a quiebra, mover a planifica-ción a convertirse to manager.

1936 Walter inventar el Multiplane la cámara .

1937 El terminar su primero animado pelicula, “La Nieve Blanco y el Siete Enano”.

29

  But  one  day  he  had  got  this weird  feeling  and  he wanted  to  change the world. Create a animated film to be‐come  famous  and  for  children  and peo‐ple  around  the world  to watch. He  had hired  the greatest cartoonist around  the world  to  help  him  create  this  film.  So after  a  couple  years  he  had  created  a massive film called,” Snow White and the Seven  Dwarfs”.  He  had  put  much  hard work  into  creating  this  film  and  never quit until it had been finished. The movie was  a  huge  hit  had  many  viewers  and Walter had become a big hit  in  creating films. After from being a little paper boy, he had Then became a Famous American film director, producer, director,  screen‐writer,  voice  actor,  animator,  entrepre‐neur, entertainer,  international  icon and philanthropist.    He  was  a  big  producer 

Works Cited

"Inventor of the Week: Archive." MIT. Inventions of

Walter Disney. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://

web.mit.edu/invent/iow/disney.html>.

"Walt Disney Short Biograpy." Walt Disney - Just Dis-

ney.com - Your Source For Disney. Walt Dis-

ney. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://

www.justdisney.com/walt_disney/biography/

w_bio_short.html>.

"Walt Disney." World Changers. Walter Disney. Web.

26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.wc.pdx.edu/

waltdisney/WaltDisney.html>.

"Yesterland Presents Walt Disney Birthplace in Chi-

cago." Yesterland - Disneyland History & Other

Disney Park History. Walt Disney. Web. 27

Apr. 2011. <http://www.yesterland.com/

waltchicago.html>.

Walter Disney's La familiar en las vacaciones en sus vaca-cion.

Some of the tons of characters that Mr. Disney created.

Have you ever heard of the 50-50-90 rule? Supposedly anytime you have a 50% chance at doing some-thing right, there is a 90% chance you’re going to get it wrong. The perception of failure is that if you fail then you will never succeed but one person proves this wrong, Mr. Walter Disney. Walter Disney didn’t let the obstacle of failure prevent him from bringing to life the fantasy in his head. Would you have the courage to pursue your dreams after a life full of failure? Mr. Walter Disney made his decision to pursue his dreams no matter what the success rate. He took that 90% of failure and just kept on failing until he reached that 10% of success. Walter and his three other siblings were born in Chicago, Illinois, although they did not spend there whole child-hood there. The majority of their younger years were forced to follow there father and his failure as he attempted to succeed in a successful business for his family and him- self. This led them down many rocky roads to find nothing in the lane of achievement. Mr. Elias Dis-ney tried with full effort but never got his shot at a successful life. It became so bad that Walter had to drop his toys and pick up paper Walter and his three other siblings were born in Chicago, Illinois, al-though they did not spend there whole childhood there. The majority of their younger years were forced to follow there father and his failure as he attempted to succeed in a successful business for his family and himself. This led them down many rocky roads to find nothing in the lane of achievement. Mr. Elias Disney tried with full effort but never got his shot at a successful life. It became so bad that Walter had to drop his toys and pick up paper route at the age of nine just to bring home some extra income. Due to what he went through as a child and seeing his father’s failures, Walter made it a goal not to end up like his father. When they returned to Kansas City, he attended an art class every Saturday at the Kansas City art institute and design of school. Fol-lowing that he quit going to high school and managed to succeed in drawling and caricature for the U.S troops. After this took place in his life, with high confidence, he decided to enter Kansas City star in the cartoon section. Due to the lack of his education he was rejected. At this point Walter felt that the dream was very distance and would be very difficult to capture this longing desire to accomplish his goal. Walt did not allow this to put a dent in the confidence he now carried around every where he went. He used the sketch to get a job in a company called Kansas City Film, which was a company that produced short ani-mated commercials. He then decided to open a business of his own, using his one of a kind drawing. The Business was called Laugh-O-Gram which contained animated tales. Unfortunately, the longer the business lasted the bigger he dug the hole of bankruptcy. He then made another trip out of Kansas City to reunite with his brother Roy in California hoping to come across an open door. After moving to California, a fairy tale about a young girl named Alice became a big hit. We know this tale as Alice in Wonderland, created and produced by Walt Disney himself. Because of the reaction of the hit, Wal-ter then returned back to Kansas with his brother Roy to begin the journey of creating what we all know as the world of Disney. Time pasted, Walt was getting older but more clever as he aged. Coming up with tale after tale, at this point success was flowing all around him! From Alice all the way to Mickey Mouse, he was brilliant.

Walt Disney; creator of Disney World.

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His impact on our world was not only creating entertainment, it was so much more. He created an escape place, a place full of wonder and imagination for people all over the world. When you grasp what he is telling us within his characters stories, you are able to see that he was not only telling us a simple fairy tale, but that he is teaching us valuable lessons. He is sharing what he went through and witnessed in his life, trying to draw a image of what we might be faced with some day. He teaches us to be kind, patient, loving and accepting, and also shows that when we are not that way there are consequences and only makes life all that much harder. Another thing I feel that he did for our society is showed us all that we can be everything and anything that your heart desires. No matter where you come from, or what your background looks like. You have to follow your dreams wherever they may lead you, because one day all of the stress, tears and sweat will eventually pay off. Walt was just like any of us, a man with dreams, but unlike many others he made his reality. Yes, he faced many obstacles, but he didn’t let that become a wall between him and what he wanted to become. He had confidence, and believed in himself, that’s all anybody really needs. He had faith that one day he would prove to everyone that there’s more to him then just a man with hopes and wishes. Walter Disney was a very inspiring man, to me and too many others. He is my role model, not just be-cause of what he accomplished but because of how he did it! He showed me and others that if you have the cour-age, faith, and determination to pursue your dream you will receive the feeling of true happiness. He left this world a very successful man; he brought upon us a world of an endless stream of dreams. Mr. Walter Disney proved to the world, a little bit of faith and belief is all you need to keep dream alive!

By Selena Mahon

Works Cited "The Great Success Story of Walt Disney." Inspirational & Motivational Quotes. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://www.bestinspirationalquotes4u.com/people/waltdisney.html>.

Walt Disney went from delivering papers, to cre-ating cartoons to inventing the multi-plane cam-era and becoming a success. Walt Disney is known for the impact on industries, entertain-ment and society. One of Disney’s quotes was

It shows that he relied on people, like people re-lied on him. Not only did he impact industries, entrainment and societies, he also had an impact on the world. Most people know Walt Disney from “Mickey Mouse,” “Disney Channel,” and also “Disney World.” Most children today grow up reading his books and watching his films. Disney created a better childhood for children, even though he didn’t have the best one. Many of his stories and films have a lesson to learn out of it. It has brought families together and also created some-thing safe friendly environment. The entertain-ment he came out with was phenomenal, not many people were used to watching a film in color or having a cartoon with sound.

Walt Disney Corp happens to be the world’s largest media company, with $22 billion in annual sales. For the Disney industries, money was coming in. Today, the Walt Dis-ney Corp. is still booming, with dolls, cloth-ing, cartoons and anything you can think of. Industries also start increasing by the supply of products needed for the Disney Corp. Also, Disney corp. is putting some indus-tries out of business because the businesses aren’t getting enough attention for their p r o d u c t s .

By, Samantha Striker.

Esto es Walt Disney. El crea Disney.

Disney crea Multi-plane camera

“You can design and create, and build the most wonderful place in the world. But it takes people to make the dream a reality.”

1901- Walt Disney es nacido

1936- Disney crea el tecnología de multiplane cámara.

1923- Disney tuve el éxito en el studio de dibujos animados en Hollywood.

1949 La ventaja de Walt Disney musica empresa era forma.

1955- Walt Disney empezar principio Disney Land

Entrainment has come a long way from back then. Disney’s invention of the multi-plane camera was made to make a clearer picture of animation. Disney learned Technicolor which allowed him to make the only color cartoons. Without these things our TV shows like “Dora,” “SpongeBob,” and “George Lo-pez.” wouldn’t be the same. Think about how he had an impact on your entrainment?

Society has a big impact on Disney, not only did the products sell and the business in-creased. But also the fact that shows turned out better and clearer. Disney didn’t stop when it came to society, he wanted bigger and better. Here’s a quote from Disney, “You reach the point where you don’t work for money.” Disney’s big thing next was Disney-Land which brought over 200 million people, including kings, queens, presidents and many other important people all over the world.

Aldridge, Brad. "Walt Disney: Long Biography." Walt Dis-ney - Just Disney.com - Your Source For Disney. Web. 02 May 2011. <http://www.justdisney.com/walt_disney/biography/long_bio.html>.

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George Eastman was con-sidered to not be a smart kid when he was in high school, because he dropped out at the age of 14. He also had to quiet school, because his family needed money, so he had to get a job. His first job was working as a office boy in a insur-ance company, he was only paid three dollars a week. Though as he worked there, they started to realize his intelli-gence, and he was promoted to a higher pay at another insurance company getting five dollars a week. Throughout time, he eventually made it up to 15 dollars a week. He got a job working as a junior clerk at Rochester savings bank, which is where he was making 15 dollars a week. Eventually he started paying five dollars to learn how to take a picture. In April 1880 he leased the third floor of a building on State Street in Rochester. He decided to sell dry plates there. A second-hand engine was priced at 125 dollars, and it was one of his first purchases. His com-pany started to grow from it, though it col-lapsed once when the dry plates went into the wrong hands of a dealer. He says that his business started to turn into a photog-raphy thing.

His goal was to make a type of glass that is lighter and more flexible then glass. He first tried to coat photographic emulsion on paper and load it in a roll holder. His idea became very successful, yet every paper wasn’t entirely great as a carrier for the emulsion because the grain of paper could reproduce in the photo. His solution was to take the paper and layer it with some plain, soluble gelatin. His first advertisement was in a news paper, and he wrote it himself. His first slogan was ‘you press the button, we do the rest’. He introduced the Kodak camera in 1888 and within a year it became a very well known phrase. Later on in the year business people had his stuff put in magazines, news papers, and commer-cials. After a lot of studies on how the name ‘Kodak’ was invented, they found out that Eastman just came up with it out of thin air. In 1919 one-third of East-man’s own holdings of company stock which was worth $10 million to his em-ployees.

“You push it, we do the rest”

By Brianna Thomas

Kodak originates from Esta-man Dry Plate Company. The Kodak trademark came about in 1892. His most fa-mous advitising slogan was “you press the button, we do the rest”. The first model of a Kodak camera came about in the year 1888.

"George Eastman." KODAK Digital Cameras, Printers, Digital Video Cameras & More. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.kodak.com/global/en/corp/historyOfKodak/eastmanTheMan.jhtml?pq-path=2689>.

CITED:

1897-Kodak volv-erse electrico senal en London’s Trafalgar Square.

1888-El ven hasta con la lema “tu prensa el boton, nostros hacar el descanso” para Kodak.

1885- El principio el primero pelicula anucio.

1880-George Eastman usufructo la tercero pista suelo a edificio a hacer el seco servirle ventas edificio

1847- George Eastman el aceptado primero grande pagar trabajo el aceptado quince dolar semana que trabaja para seguro compania.

37

ROCHESTER, NEW YORK- Tak-ing pictures used to be a full on ritual with so much equipment to lug around. You had to carry your own black room around with you so that you could develop the pictures quickly that way they wouldn’t get ruined.

Why was taking pictures so difficult? Because before 1880, people had wet plates in their camáras. Wet plates made photogra-phy difficult because you had to be so quick to develop your pictures. There was one man that thought photography should be facil. That man was George Eastman and his solu-tion was dry plates.

George Eastman created Eastman’s Kodak Company which was one of the first photography companies to come out with dry plates, the dry plates being created por George Eastman.

His impact on the world around the time he came out with the dry plates was a positive one. Photography was much easier since you didn’t have to carry around so much baggage with you. Then, to make his innovation even better and more liked by those he was selling it to, he fixed the camára into a smaller and more manageable device. Inside, he put a flexible film that could take one- hundred pictures. The flexible film was George Eastman’s own invencion that he de-signed specifically for the camára.

After you took one-hundred pictures, you sent in your camára to Kodak and they would not only develop your film, but they would also put in a whole new roll for your next use.

George Eastman was a philanthropist, but he wasn’t much of a fan of fame. He came up with an alias whenever he donated to a college in Boston. No one except for the dean of the college knew that Mr. Smith (the donator) was really George Eastman. This was a well kept secret for years with no one econtrando out until much later.

The camára is different than it was back when Eastman innovated it. Today, there are digital camáras and they’re not as large and bulky.

Eastman envisioned an easier to use camára and that is what we have today, but what about in the future? How will the camára be in the year 2020? Will it be even easier to use?

Imagine the dry plates becoming ob-solete one day because someone has inno-vated the camára. Roll film is already non-existent as it is.

George Eastman was a great innova-tor. He innovated and inventa the future of photography by creating roll film and then innovating the wet plates into dry plates. He was smart enough to find a problem and then

George Eastman está creando rollo de película fotográfica.

By Emilee Parke

38

Esta es camára de Eastman; es muy alta- techmologia para tiempo. Yo pienso esta camara es imponente.

1880 Eastman empieza la Kodak

Compania. Gente encuentran la camara un exito. Tu siguas la direciones por esta iievando

cien cuadro a Kodak. Una vaz que tu obtienes volver, gente decubre ese es el Nuevo rollo

de pelicula fotographica.

1918 George Eastman esta reconoci-

endo esta Mr. Smith.

1932 George Eastman esta tie-

niendo la reunion can ami-gos de el. Ellos esta hab-lando testament de el. El sesuicido porque el dolor

fabrica coses dificil.

1919 El esta recebiendo neu-

monia.

1879 George Eastman encuentra la problema con la camara. East-

man experimentar con diferente coses de madre de el cocina. El

inventa los seco placa.

39

“Eastman believed that a brand name should have no dictionary definition so that it was associated with the product alone. He coined the term Kodak because he thought the word was easy to remember and difficult to misspell.” Quote From PBS “They Made America Have you ever heard of a Kodak moment? George Eastman not only created a dry plate, but also a new lifestyle. How many pictures do you have of yourself and fam-ily? How many times a day do you see a colored picture? Our life would look a lot different, if Eastman had not advanced the picture taking method. For all that he’s done, Eastman doesn’t get much credit. I know when I think of Kodak, George East-man doesn't come to mind . George East-man revolutionized the world of photogra-phy because, he invented roll film, dry plates, and created Kodak. Today there are many photogra-phers in the world. The number of profes-sional photographers in the world will grow at an estimated 12% and is expected to be at 169, 500 by 2018. Although that is the number for professional photographers, the number of camera owners, or amateurs is far more.

Eastman’s first invention could only take one hundred pictures at a time. Now, las camáras digitals can easily take one thousand pic-tures. George Eastman inspired other people to innovate what he created. Kodak continues to come out with new additions to cameras, and they will continue to get better. As you can see in the time line, in 2010 a waterproof camera came out. In 1951 the first video tape recorder was used. Las camáras digitals were evolved from that. They came out in the last quarter of the twentieth century. People bought 50 million digital cameras in 2003. Almost everyone has a camera now days. In George Eastman’s time now one had scrap books, or poster hanging in their room. If he hadn’t invented cameras, some-one else probably would have eventually. Although, not many people would notice if it was someone else that invented the camera. Most people don’t even recognize his name, and they don’t make the connection between him and Kodak.

1885-Eastman esta introduciendo pelicula. 1879– Eastman

esta creando la placa seca.

1888-”Tu apretas el boton, nosotros hacemos el resto.” Yo pienso Eastman esta haciendofoto-

grafia facil.

1891– Thomas Edison easta constriendo pelicula con la ayunda de Eastman. 1935–

George sigue Edison y comienza Ko-dachrome fotos estan filmando en sus casas.

2010- Camara im-permeable eastan salen por venta y la venta de la camara aumenta.

Eastman esta sacando una foto con el placa seca.

By Taylor Bushroe

It’s surprising that someone that contributed to the community so much isn’t acknowledged; es-pecially when so many people build off of his ideas. How many pictures do you post on your Facebook account every week? You couldn’t take those, without a camera. You probably don’t real-ize how much we use pictures. A major way to campaign is graphically, like bill boards, poster, magazine ads and more. The labels on products you buy everyday usually have pictures; every website you visit has at least a couple pictures on it. Sometimes the only way you can catch up with someone is sending pictures back and forth, when you’re too far away to actually come see the person. Celebrities probably wouldn’t be as fa-mous as they are, without pictures of them being spread everywhere. Paparazzi probably would not be an issue either. The Kodak camera that enables you to share pictures is a useful tool. In the future, if more cameras and phone can have the same effect, it will be easier to share pictures with friends than it is today. People might send pictures to the wrong people on accident though, and random pictures would get shared for no reason. Phones or cam-eras that had this technology would probably be really expensive though. New ideas come out all the time, even if Kodak isn’t the source. In the future we could have voice activated phones, and video recorders. Incorpo-rate that idea with the sharing technology , and pictures would easily be shared with the world in a matter of seconds. For all the products I mentioned that in-clude photos, there is someone that has to take the picture. That creates jobs, and if millions of pic-tures need to be taken, then thousands of jobs can be filled. Eastman brought people and cultures together. People in North America know what tribes in Africa look like because it’s so easy to take a picture. Advertisement is so right and col-

Works Cited

Kodak. "1878-1929." KODAK Digital Cameras, Printers, Digital Video Cameras & More. Kodak, 16 Sept. 1988. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://www.kodak.com/global/en/corp/historyOfKodak/1878.jhtml?pq-path=2699>.

Lindsay, David. "The American Experience | The Wizard of Photography | People & Events | Eastman Patents a Dry-Plate Process." PBS: Public Broadcasting Ser-vice. PBS, 19 Apr. 1995. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eastman/peopleevents/pande18.html>.

Rich, Jeff. "George Eastman Quotes - Brainy-Quote." Famous Quotes at BrainyQuote. BookRags Media Network, 08 June 2001. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/g/george_eastman.html>.

Rowe, Jaime. "FAQ - Certified Photographer Academy | Certified Photographer Acad-emy." Certified Photographer Academy - FREE Online CPP Exam Resource for Certified Professional Photographer Exam and CPP Study Guide. WordPress, 22 Mar. 2011. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://www.certifiedphotographer.net/cpp-faq/>.

Sandler, Martin. Inventors. New York: Harper-

George esta lugando con familia.

41

Alex Renz World Studies 4-28-11 Albert Einstein When someone calls you Einstein, it can be taken one of two ways, you’re either a genius or you’re crazy. When it comes to Einstein himself, it’s undecided whether he’s a genius or a lunatic. In 1879 on March 14 in Wurttemberg, Germany, Albert Einstein was born. Shortly after his birth, his family moved to Switzerland where in 1905, he earned his doctors degree. He moved to Germany in 1914 and stayed there until 1933, when he left to America for political reasons. In America, all of his discoveries and inventions occurred. So why do some people think he’s a lunatic? His equation, E=MC2, inderictly helped the development of the atom bomb. Close to his death Einstein said of the atomic bomb, “I made one great mistake in my life…..When I singed the letter to President Roo-sevelt recommending the atom bombs be made, but there was some justifi-cation – the danger that the Germans would make them” . Einsein sent his theory of relativity to President Roosevelt cause he feared that the Germans might have an atomic bomb. He felt very guilt for his involvement in the bombing.

42

1879 1903 1905 El inventora Albert Einstein es nacido. He gets married He forms the equation E=MC2

1945

43

What would the world be like if Albert Einstein never came into existence? Think about something you contributed to, how did it affect people? Your choices in life have all made an impact to someone or something, but what if it killed thousands of people? Albert Einstein’s theories have been affecting scientist for the last century. Sci-entists are trying to take Einstein’s theories even further, just as he himself did with other scientists and philosophers back in his time. His famous equation, E=mc2 (energy equals mass times the velocity of light squared) is connected to practically any math or science theory to this day. Albert Einstein is known for his funky gestures, mind blowing equations, and his intelligent quotes. In 1905, Einstein formulated his “Special Theory of Relativ-

ity.” This wasn’t only a new way to look at math or science, but a new way to look at life itself. As mentioned before, his famous E= mc2, was a big part in the atom bombing. Albert Einstein didn’t invent the bomb, but clearly illustrated the factors of it by his equation. His innovation on this was defi-nitely not a good one. He was a very idol-ized and loved man, but also despised by many just for this impact on the creation of this horrible bomb. In November of 1954, five months before his death, Einstein ex-pressed his feelings about his role of the creation of the atomic bomb: "I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made; but there was some justification - the danger that the Ger-m a n s w o u l d m a k e t h e m . " August 1939, Albert Einstein signed a letter to their current President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, regarding the creation of the atom bomb. This event that took place had a horrible impact on Japan, killing thousands of people. Although Einstein didn’t create the a-bomb, his intelligence took a big lead on the illustration. People thought of him as the master mind of math and science, and respected his scientific views of life, but after his impact of the a-bomb, trust and idolization were slowly decreasing.

“I made one great mis-take in my life...when I signed the letter to Presi-dent Roosevelt recom-mending that atom bombs be made…”

Albert Einstein es famoso para se terioras.

By Danielle Arbuckle

44

1905: Albert Einstein formular “Especial Teoría de Relatividad”. Él crea la fórmular el ciencia ecuación E=mc2

1915:Albert Einstein completa el “Especial Teoria de Relatividad”. Él presenta la teoría a el Academia de Ciencias. 1916: El teroía esta presentado a “Annalen der Physik” en Marzo vigésimo, 1916. 1919: El eclipsar de Mayo viente-noveno, 1919 empedernido Albert Eintein’s teoría esá luz poder. 1955: Albert Einstein signos el carta instado nuclear arma es particulares en todo nacions un semena antes de

Think of regret that you may have had in the past, eventually you get over it, brush it off. Could you live with the fact that your brilliant equa-tion, that predicted so much, could ruin cities, kill off 200,000 people, injure half a million, and cause 8,000,000 refugees to crowd in rural villages? After the bombing of Ja-pan, Einstein withheld public com-ment until a year after the occurrence that took action in 1944-45. He never intended his mathematical skills to impact millions of people’s lives in a negative way. Einstein wasn’t always the madman behind crucial conflicts. Einstein and his family left for the USA after the rise of the NAZI. Germany’s gov-ernment took over Einstein’s prop-erty and took away his positions and citizenship. Soon he was invited to join the “Institute of Advanced Study” in Princeton, New Jersey. After living in the U.S. he soon be-came an American Citizen. Albert worked there until his death in 1955.

His math and science will always be here, and we have to give him kudos for what we have built upon today. He changed the way humans look at science, and gave the world some-thing to keep looking forward to ex-panding. Some of his closest friends, which are also known as great scien-tists as well, all looked up to his in-telligence. People still despised him, even after his apologies of the horri-ble incident that occurred in Japan. Most of it was envy, for all his pub-licity and science skills. Before his death, he signed a letter to Bertrand Russell, in which he agreed to have his name signed to the manifesto forcing nuclear weapons be banned in all nations. This is something be-fore his death, in which many people admired him for. Many people knew him as someone that saved many nations, gave science a new way to incorporate in daily life, and gave the past a first glance at the future.

Albert Einstein comienza la ecuación para los experimentos en “Especial Teoría de Relatividad”

“Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere”

Dr. Ljubo Vujovic. "Albert Einstein." Tesla Memorial Society of New York. Tesla Memorial Society of New York. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.teslasociety.com/einstein.htm>.

Trubin, Julian. "What Did Albert Einstein Invent?" The Orchid Grower: A Juvenile Science Adventure Novel. 2003. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.juliantrubin.com/einsteininvent.html>.

Henry Ford, an American industrialist who revolutionized

factory production with his assembly-line methods, born on July 30, 1863. Growing up

in Dearborn, Michigan as farm child was kind of difficult for Henry Ford. His mother died

during child birth. Not having a mother while growing up became very hard on Henry. Him and his father didn’t really share a strong re-lationship. At an early age Henry showed his likings and interest in mechanical things, but really didn’t share interest in farm work as so his dad did. While his father hoped he would take up the family farm when older, Henry

didn’t see that as the right career for him. At the time Henry was a young boy he enjoyed all things machinery. He loved to take apart things and put them back together. Doing

farm chores and spending days in a one-room school. Henry basically had to grow up on a

farm. But when he was sixteen in 1879 he left home for the nearby city of Detroit to work as an apprentice machinist but he did sometimes come back to help on the farm, he remained an apprentice for 3 years and then returned

to Dearborn. Although Henry chose to follow his own dreams instead to stay at the family farm, Henry never stayed far and would al-

ways come back to his family roots. The beginning of Henry Ford’s career

didn’t start off easy. It was in fact very diffi-cult for him. After leaving Edison Illuminat-ing as a chief engineer for four years, Henry

was ready to branch out into the field of auto-motive engineering. When Henry was a teen he would fix steam engines and run mill op-erations, which led to him in the 1ate 1880’s

to his first automobile the

Mi mejor amigo es el uno que trae a cabo el mejor en Mi

Esta es una foto de el primero automóvil de Ford

Esta es una nueva versión de una Ford.

By: Shontel Murray

46

“Quadricycle”. For this reason he left the Edison Illuminating and went on to Detroit

for their automobile company in 1899. Later the Henry Ford coming came into

play but didn’t last long until he yet again ventured off to something else. He began to go in a different direction and on June 16,

1903 Henry Ford finally found what he liked and stayed with it. On that day the Ford Motor Company was founded. The first automobile was being sold in Detroit

before it later went nationwide. What made Ford Motors succeed better than

other motor companies was that he made them cheaper and efficient rather than the

competitors designs were more for the looks. Still until this day Ford Motor Com-panies is one of the highest rated car com-panies. Still make them cheap, efficient,

and safe, while still having a nice interior and exterior design. So you could say

Henry Ford has made a great impact on society and he is important to modernizing the US industrial capacity. His inventions

were not just to last a years, decades, but it will keep going for generations to come. So you could say that there was a meaning and a purpose for him to change from careers to careers, because it made Ford automo-biles what they are today thanks to Henry

Ford himself.

Works Cited

"The Henry Ford: The Life of Henry Ford." The Henry

Ford: America's Greatest History Attrac-

tion Home Page. Web. 29 Apr. 2011.

<http://www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/hf/>.

"Innovator, Industrialist, Outdoorsman: Henry Ford

Started It All." Ford Motor Company –

Official Global Ford Corporation Infor-

mation. Web. 29 Apr. 2011. <http://

corporate.ford.com/about-ford/heritage/

people/henryford/650-henry-ford>.

Wagner, Rob. "Why Did Henry Ford Invent the Auto-

mobile? | EHow.com." EHow | How to

Videos, Articles & More - Trusted Advice

for the Curious Life | EHow.com. Web. 29

Apr. 2011. <http://www.ehow.com/

facts_5004803_did-henry-ford-invent-

automobile.html?ref=Track2>.

1863- Él nace en De Julio 30 en Greenfield Municipio, Michigan. 1879- Henry está saliendo la familia agrícolas de Detroit a trabajar en máquina tiendas. 1888- Henry Ford se casa Clara Bryant de Greenfield Municipio y se mueve a 80-acre agrícolas en Dearborn. 1891- Él asegura positive como ingeniero con el Edison Esclarecedor empresa y devuelve a De-troit. Él está empezando el primera modelo.

1896- Completa su primera del automovil, el Cuatriciclo, y conduce que alrededor de el calle de Detroit.

47

Henry Ford, that name really sticks in my head. It sticks because of Ford Motor Company. Ford is something that has impacted America and other parts of the world since 1903. Henry Ford started out with the Ford Motor Company in what they called “ an infant car plant” meaning it was really little .When they started making their first cars people were astounded. Ford did not make the first automobile, he just wanted a more effi-cient and reliable automobile on the road, so he made what he wanted. In 1908 the Model T was invented. It was reliable, efficient, and easy to handle on rough roads, it was a big success. By 1918 half of America drove Model T’s. The once infant car plant was now a huge money making car plant. Henry Ford had no clue this would hap-pen to his once infant car plant. When his infant plant couldn’t produce enough cars Ford knew he had to upgrade. He moved his factory to High-land Park, Michigan. In order to do this it cost him $268, 991, 592.07. That was a lot of money back then and still is today. Ford Motor Company is still one of the leading manufacturing compa-nies in the world. Henry Ford didn’t do every-thing right though.

. Since the invention of the Model T more and more car plants were made around the world. Cars produce carbon dioxide which makes Global Warming. His invention was amazing but it still brings harm to the earth every day. The earth may one day fail be-cause of cars and their Carbon Dioxide. Cars impacted places globally. Some cul-tures were affected by it. When cars were made that meant roads had to be made. We destroyed habitats for animals, Native American land, and maybe even landmarks that we didn’t know existed. The Model T started this all, it was an awesome invention because it had positive and negative effects. In today’s world cars are everywhere. They are always being bought and sold and scrapped. Cars impact us everywhere; pol-lution in China could hurt our food that we eat. You just don’t know what pollution can do. So in it all Henry Ford’s invention of the Model T was amazing. That car started it all, so thank you Henry Ford for making a revolution.

Whether you think that you can, or that you can't, you are usually right.

Esta Es Henry Ford

Esta es Henry Ford Cita

1903- Ford Motor Com-pany se hace

1908-Henry Ford, inventa Modelo-T

1921-Ford lidera la produc-ción

1932-Henry Ford a construir motor V-8

1947- Henry Ford muere a los 83 años

*

*

By Justin Callaway

49

Tyler Moore

The Origin of Bill Gates

Bill Gates was born in Seattle, Washington on October 28th, 1955. He was very smart; so smart that

he lost interest in school because it wasn’t challenging enough for him. So his parents moved him to

Lakeside Elementary where he began to show his love, and

appreciation for computers. Bill started showing an interest

in computer technology at the very young age of 13.This is

when he started writing his own programs and didn’t stop

there, he did it all throughout high school. Gates enters Har-

vard and excels quickly and takes two leaves of absence to

work on Microsoft. In 1976 Gates and Allen Trademark their

future billion dollar program Microsoft. Gates begin to make

Microsoft the best computer program in the world. Allen leaves Microsoft after developing Hodg-

kin’s Disease. Later that year Microsoft announces Windows as an add-on to its MS-DOS operating

system. In 1987 Gates becomes the youngest billionaire ever. Then he meets Melinda French which

is his future wife. In 1990 the Federal Trade Commission begins an investigation into possible collu-

sion between IBM and Microsoft. Which eventually was ruled out in Microsoft’s favor. Microsoft

has played a huge role in our lives. What do we use every day? We use computers all the time, Mi-

crosoft is responsible for these Internet applications; Internet Explorer, Windows Mail, Windows

Live, Windows Live Messenger, Windows Live Writer, Microsoft Messenger for Mac, Microsoft

Agent, Live Mesh, Bing (search engine), Windows Live Movie Maker. We use Microsoft on our

projects as well we use, Microsoft office which consists of Excel, Word, Outlook, and Powerpoint

and there are at least 15 other applications. Microsoft is the producer of Halo, Freelancer, and The

Age of Empires. Imagine our school; New Tech, without Microsoft Word, Powerpoint. We couldn’t

do it how do you think I made this? Word, and Publisher both of which are from

Microsoft. Our life would be really hard without Microsoft. There isn’t any other

program like Microsoft we would be stuck between a rock and a hard place be-

cause we wouldn’t be able to do as much with computers anymore.

50

1955- Bill Gates was born in Seattle, Washington.

1967- Bill Gates transfers to Lakeside Elementary an

executive private school in Seattle, where he meets

Paul Allen who later helps Bill write Microsoft, The

school asks them to create a computerized schedule

of the classes

1973- Gates enters Harvard and quickly passes there most rigorous

mathematics and graduate level computer science courses

1976- Gates and Allen register the Trademark “Microsoft”

1983- Allen leaves Microsoft, Microsoft announces Windows as an add-on to its MS-DOS oper-

ating system

1986- Microsoft goes PUBLIC!

1995- Internet Explorer is introduced with Windows 95

2000- Gates steps down from CEO of Microsoft, Gates becomes Chief Soft-

ware Architect

2007- Gates “Graduates” from Harvard

Bill Gates y Paul Allen: 1975

Bill Gates announced a few years ago that he was step-ping down at Microsoft to help his wife, Melinda Gates, with her Philanthropist company. He will no longer be CEO at Microsoft but will still work there as a chair-man. This will be the first time he has not ran Microsoft in 23 years, after founding it in 1985. Mr. Gates is now being a successful Philanthropist, Helping people throughout the world. Giving them education and food, Helping m i n i m i z e p o v e r t y . Some of you may know what Gates has done for this soci-ety but, a lot of people don’t. This is because of the fear of new tech-nology. Think about it, when ever new technology comes along or a new trend, the “old” generation will get scared or frantic over the idea. This has caused his life when he was young to be hard; he had to push much harder in order to get people to realize what he h a s d o n e . At the age 13 when he was at-tending Lakeside School in Seat-tle Washington, He was given the opportunity that changed his course throughout life. The School held a rummage sale and bought a teletype terminal for the students to use. Bill Gates quickly became indulged in what a com-puter could accomplish. He Spent most of his time on the terminal and wrote the first program on it. It was a tic-tac-toe board game to where you can play against the computer. At this time, it may seem like a simple thing to do, but at that time, it was a huge ac-complishment. No one thought that it was possible for something like that to be done. It was a tough feat to learn the knowledge necessary for Gates to build the program.

While at Lakeside, he met Paul Allen, Bill and Paul worked very well to-gether and shared the com-mon interest for computers. These two always spent their free time in the com-puter lab, working on code and creating new programs. However, they would clash over who was right or wrong and occasionally kick each other out of the com-puter lab. They eventually got banned for finding a glitch in the system to ob-tain extra computer time. After their probation, they were allowed back into the lab when they offered to fix the glitch. Bill Gates went on to creating a payroll for the company that provided the computers and a sched-ule for the school.

At age 15 Bill Gates went into business with his friend Paul. They developed a traffic system called Traf-O-Data. This system was used to monitor the traffic in Seattle. He and Paul made $20,000 from this program. Gates and Allen wanted to start their own business, but Bills parents wanted him to finish school in high hopes of him becoming a lawyer.

“Be nice to nerds. Chances are you'll end up working for one.” -Bill Gates

1975- Gates exitan con MITS.

1976- Bill y Paul certifi-cado le Microsoft llamo.

1981- Gates comprando DOS y modifico un MS-DOS

1968- Bill Gates está cre-ando un programa de tic-tac-toe.

He graduated at lakeside in 1973 and scored a 1590 on his college SAT test. That’s only 1 question wrong. This in itself proved that he was a genius and colleges wanted him to at-tend. Bill attended Harvard University in the fall after graduation. Gates bragged about his SAT score when-ever he met new people.

Gates originally went into college for law, but he found himself spend-ing more time in the com-puter lab than he did in class. Bill used to get by on a little sleep and no study time what so ever. He was able to cram for a test and pass with a decent grade. After learning that his friend Paul Allen was in Massa-chusetts working at Honey-

well, he went to join him in 1974. While they where there they learned about the Altair 8800 Computing sys-tem. When they seen how powerful it was at the time, they thought it was the first big step towards personnel computing. MITS (Micro Instrumentation and Te-lemetry Systems) created the Altair 8800 and they were interested in making software for its new com-

T h e c o m p a n y ' s president, Ed Roberts, re-quested that the boys do a demonstration with their software. For three months Gates and Allen worked vigorously on the coding in Harvard’s computer lab. They then traveled to New Mexico where they did their presentation for the first time on an Altair computer. It was exciting to see how the code they built worked perfectly on the new system.

After much dismay Bill dropped out of college to work for MITS with Paul Allen. They formed a part-nership there and called it micro-soft. This was a mix-ture from microcomputer and software. After less than a year, they dropped the hy-phen from their name and were officially called Mi-crosoft. They started off on shaky footing however, when premarket buyers bought the software, they reproduced it for free. At the time that was mostly cus-tomary for computer enthu-siasts to do. Mr. Gates thought of it as stealing however. Bill says that less than 10% of people paid for my work. In 1976 Bill was charged for unfair business practices when he sent a let-ter out saying that the distri-bution of his software would not allow for better things. In essence he was saying he wouldn’t put the time out to do something that wouldn’t help him out in the long run. He stuck to this defense in court as well.

Microsoft started off writing code for dif-ferent computer formats. When Bill Gates ap-pointed himself the owner of the business in 1978, they grossed $2.5 million; Gates was only 23 at the time. In 1980 Microsoft ran into the court room once again. IBM proposed a deal with Microsoft to pro-duce the first software for the first PC under IBM’s name. Gates bought soft-ware off of another com-pany to gradually give up the rights of the software over time. Not telling them of IBM, They sued Gates for not disclosing important information about the deal. Microsoft wrote off the court for an undisclosed amount of money.

In 1984 the first graphic interface for the computer was developed. It used the original soft-ware, which they called MS-DOS. But, Microsoft was not the first to come up with this idea, a com-pany called VisiCorp cre-ated the first graphic in-terface. Gates realized that this was a severe threat towards Microsoft and developed one of their own. This was the first Windows program. Without Bill Gates be-hind all of the innova-tions in the 70’s and 80’s, we would not know com-puters as they are today.

Windows has de-veloped over the years to become one of the most recognized operat-ing systems among society. It was adopted by huge organizations and businesses, and it also accomplished its biggest goal of all. It became the #1 home PC among the com-mon wealth

Life is not fair, get used to it -Bill Gates

By Colton Revel

Breanna Humphrey

Period:1/2 The Russian Marxist Revolutionary “Vladimir Lenin a Rus-sian Marxist Revolutionary “

(Vladimir Lenin a Russian Marxist Revolution-ary) Vladimir

Lenin was

born in

Simbrisk

(today Uli-

anovsk), Russia, on April 10, 1870. Lenin’s father Ilia

Nikolaevich Ulianov was a high official in the areas edu-

cational system. This was only so because Vlad’s father

had risen into the ranks of Russian nobility. Growing up

Vladimir was I privileged as far as his circumstances.

Although later on in his life he would fight as an adult for

a revolution by the working lower classes. Growing up

he did not come from a hard working background his

self.

Since Lenin’s family were Russian upper class he received the typical education given to Russian sons. As a teenager he had extreme political views in disagreement with the existing Russian form of govern-ment. During this time Russia was ruled by emperors known as “czars” who inherited their positions. Lenin’s extreme political views were fueled on by the execution by the of hanging of his older brother Alexan-der in the 1887.Even though his brother planned to kill the czar, but did not succeed because of his untimely death. After the death of his brother he graduated from secondary school. Then later on en-rolled in to Kazan University . He was expelled from the school because of partici-pating in a “demonstration” also known as a political rally or protest. He later on got arrested and was sentenced 3 years of exile(forced absence from one’s native country or region)in Sibera. During his Siberian exile he had worked on a major study of the Russian economy, The Development of Capitalism in Russia. Lenin then made a book of this major study.

While in prison Lenin wrote

his first letter dated Jan.2,

1896 he wrote:“I have a

plan that has occupied my

mind considerably ever

since I was arrested, in-

creasingly so as time

passes. I have long been

engaged on an economic

problem (that of the market-

ing of the products of

manufacturing industry

within the country), have

selected some literature,

drawn up a plan for its

analysis and have even

done some writing with a

view to having my work

published in book form,

should its dimensions ex-

ceed those of a magazine

article. I should be very

unwilling to give up on

the job, and am now,

apparently, faced with

the alternative of either

writing it here or of aban-

doning it altogether.”This

(El Desarrollo de Capitalismo en Rusi

Lenin, Vladimir I.. "Lenin: 1899: The

Development of Capitalism in Russia."

Marxists Internet Archive. Progress

Publishers, 2000. Web. 03 May 2011.

<http://www.marxists.org/archive/

lenin/works/1899/devel/index.htm>.

Abril

10,1870

Lenin

nacer

1887 Lenin’s hermano ser ejecu-tador

1887

Lenin 

Expul-sader desde secundario escuela

1896

Lenin em-

pezar en

sus libro

1899 Lenin ter-minar sus libro

54

Aqui es la Revolucion de Rusia en 1917.

A reign of terror.

Independence. Growing

political radicalism .

Weakness of the middle

class. Social economic

strains. Self emancipa-

tion. Growing class ten-

sions. Unwillingness of the Autocracy to grant

political reforms. 13,000 lives lost. 140 years

ago, this was known as the Russian Revolution.

One man had the power to start it all. His

name? Vladimir Illich Lenin; the man who

brought communism into Russia.

Vladimir Lenin established the first

communist government, when he overthrew the

Provisional Government. After his triumph, he

then led the 1917 Russian Revolution.

Lenin earned the title of a “political revolu-tion”. Vladimir Lenin established the first communist government, when he overthrew the Provisional Government. He then led the Rus-sian Communists to power in 1917. Lenin earned the title of a “political revolution”. Vladimir Lenin would go into history as one of the most powerful Russian men in the world. In February of 1917, large demonstrations of re-bellion against the tsar started in Petrograd.

Then, in October, the Bolsheviks literally

took over the government, making Vladimir

Lenin the most powerful man in Russia. All

other parties were forbidden in the country.

After the uproar and rebellion, then came the

Civil War. It started after the end of the First

World War; the anti-communists wanted the

tsar back, striking anger and war between the

Bolsheviks. The tsarist troops were given

loyalty and help by foreign countries. After

three years, the Red Army won the war, and

the revolution that had begun a few years

over had ended.

Nicholas II family was captured and killed in 1918. In 1922, Russia became the Soviet Union. The Russian Revolution, all

together, was a fight that lasted for four

and a half years. The war was some-

thing that was long anticipated. Lenin

once said“A revolution is impossible

without a revolutionary situation; fur-

thermore, not every revolutionary

Vladimir Lenin knew what he wanted from the day he stepped into power. All along, he wanted a Proletariat

R e v o l u t i o n , w h i c h h e achieved.

The Revolu-

tion may have

been 140

years ago, but

it still affects

us today. His-

torian Dmitry

Tocheny

thinks that “The civil war, that he was responsible for,

killed up to 13 million people. Let’s not forget the 2

million, the cream of the crop, left Russia, escaping

his policies. He was a bloody dictator, just like Stalin

and Hitler.” Although, another historian, Sergey

Kudryashov, believes that the different opinions

may have found some common ground. He says

“For the past two decades, his image has changed

drastically, because in the ‘90s, when the entire

system changed, Lenin was sort of a symbol of the old

regime, and we heard a lot of criticism about that fig-

ure and a lot of new documents appeared in

Russian archives, so an new image of Lenin ap-

peared in Russian history.”

Febrero 1917– Tropas van en-trar abrir fuego.

Julio 12th, 1917 El Zar es pre-sentando el muerte pena mas.

Noviembre 7th, 1917 Ukraine es demanda inde-pendencia.

Febrero 18th, 1918 Alemania invades-Rusia

July 17th, 1918 Solados matan Nicholas II y el familia.

Aqui es Vladimir Lenin

By Christine Smith

56

The year is 1910; you

wake up in a bedroom in down-

town Mexico City to bells ring-

ing. You sit up slowly as you

gaze in awe at the number of

people hoarding the roads out-

side your window. Crowds by

the thousands stretching the size

of your average commute to

work. You scramble to get

dressed and head outside, only

to realize the ever-increasing

crowd has forced you to wait at

your doorway until the crowd

has stopped stirring.

You realize that every-

one has stopped and finally,

head for the source of the craze,

only to find a cable car listing

lazily forward. Nevertheless, who is on it? You trudge closer through the madness to get a closer look. Your jaw drops at the words emitted from his mouth, “My friends! It has been too long for us to be controlled by these mongrels! I issue a state of revolution, a proclama-tion of rebellion! Tonight, we stand toward our enemies with the thirst for justice and re-venge! We will be free! I

prom- i s e you victory, and I promise you good times.” Your ears split as the multitude of voices shout around you. The man was Fran-cisco Madero, your leader, and he has begun the Spanish revo-lution. This was what many cit-

ies in the country of Mexico

witnessed in the early 20th cen-

tury. Francisco Madero led the

Spanish revolution in attempt to

gain independence from the fas

cist French. Now, this

would be a serious impact

on, not only Mexico, but

America as well. Had Fran-

cisco not had taken the

chance given to him, our

modern day Mexico will be

a French occupied mother-

land. Be honest. You

laughed when you thought

this out. However, if this

happened in the past, you

would be begging for God’s

mercy by now.

It is a dreadful

thought, knowing that

Americas’ first enemies

now surround our free na-

tion, lying in wait for their

moment to strike, ready to

take over on their own time

and make your time theirs.

Take a deep breath, you are

shivering; do not worry!

You are free! Do you feel

better? Now you know

whom to thank for our feel-

ing of relief for we have not

Francisco Indalecio Madero (1873-1913) was a Mexican political leader who led the rebellion which overthrew Porfirio Díaz and made possible the later far-reaching social revolution

57

aced our old acquaintances in

confrontation of armed warfare.

Now, enough with the

deep wake-up-calls. Let us look

at how this came to be. Fran-

cisco Madero grew up with a

very political family. His father

was a governor, his sister a

treasurer, and his brothers sec-

retaries for the administrator of

defense in 1899. However, what

was Francisco? He knew the

fatherland of Mexico was walk-

ing down the boulevard of tur-

moil and regret. He emphasized

that if he will not stand up for

his country then no one

would. Therefore, he took to

the streets, shouting to his cohorts his initiative for in-dependence. Many of them agreed. They were so fixed

with their leader’s ideal they

voted him president and gen-

eral of the Mexican national

defense force. That is how

Francisco Madero lived for

thirty-nine years. Neverthe-

less, he had enemies.

This included French ambas-sadors, peace activists, and many other people who dis-agreed with his ideals. Then one day, while leaving a building after attending a meeting, a nearby peace activ-ist shot Francisco Madero in the abdomen. Killing him in-stantly and leaving Diaz to take the chair for presidency. Then one day, while leaving a building after attending a meeting, a nearby peace activ-ist shot Francisco Madero in the abdomen. Killing him in-stantly and leaving Diaz to take the chair for presidency.

Un cómic de la Revolución Mexicana

Sources: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Francisco_Indalecio_Madero.aspx

58

Michelangelo was the first influential person to draw god of his time. No one around the late 1400’s and early 1500’s has drawn god and became as fa-mous as Michelangelo did. Michelangelo perfected many things like sculpting, painting, writing poems, and engineering.

When Michelangelo was a baby Buonarroti’s mother was to sick and weak to nurse Michelan-gelo, so he nursed from a wet nurse, in a family of stone cutters. Buonar-roti’s mother died young and Michelangelo was affected badly by it but even before she died he was having problems. . Michelangelo had a lack of affection in his child hood and was grim, some say he was shy but most say he was really touchy and quick to respond with fierce words, and he lacked trust in his fellows. His father saw that Michelangelo was intelligent and wanted him to learn grammar, so he sent him to the school of masters “Francesco Galeota from Urbino.” While he studied Latin he made a friend named Francesco Grancci. Francesco Grancci was 6 years older than Michelangelo; he was learning the art of painting in Ghirlandaio’s studio and encouraged Michelangelo to fallow his own artistic urges.

When Michelangelo turned 13 years old his father had agreed to Michelangelo apprenticing in the workshop of the painter Domenico Ghirlandaio. Michelan-

gelo learn art from Fresco for about a year then went on to studying in the Sculpture School in the Medici gardens. Then he was invited to live in the house of Lorenzo de’ Medici, the Magnifi-cent. There he conversed with Leo X and Clement who were younger Medici, and later in life became popes. He also became friends with Marsilo Finico and Angelo Poliziano who was a poet. Michel-angelo created two relief sculp-tures by the age of 16, they were “Battle of the Centaurs” and the “Madonna of the Stairs.

By Darian Kayser

Michelangelo learn art from Fresco for about a year then went on to studying in the Sculpture School in the Medici gardens. Then he was invited to live in the house of Lorenzo de’ Medici, the Magnificent. There he conversed with Leo X and Clement who were younger Medici, and later in life became popes. He also became friends with Marsilo Finico and Angelo Poliziano who was a poet. Michelangelo created two relief sculptures by the age of 16, they were “Battle of the Centaurs” and the “Madonna of the Stairs.”Those two art pieces showed that he had achieve a per-sonal style, which many kids his age couldn’t do back then. In his diary Michelangelo talk about his first two art works: “My first work was a small bas-relief, The Madonna of the Stairs. Mary, Mother of God, sits on the rock of the church. The child curls back it to her body. She foresees his death, and his return on the stairway to heaven. “My second work, another small relief. My tutor read me the myth of the Lapiths against the Centaurs. The wild forces of life, locked in the heroic com-bat.“Already at 16, my mind was a battlefield: my love of pagan beauty, the male nude, at war with my religious faith. A polarity of themes and forms…one spiritual, the other earthly, I’ve kept these carvings on the walls of my studio to this very day.”

When Michelangelo travelled to Rome he was studying many newly unearthed classical statues and ruins. In (1496-98) he created the over life size Bacchus, it was his first large scale sculpture. Around the same time he created one of the most famous works of art, the marble Pieta (1498-1500) in Saint Peter’s Basilica at age 25. The marble Pieta is the youthful Mary that is seated majestically, holding the dead Christ across her lap. Once the marble Pieta was placed in the Saint Peter’s, Michelangelo over heard a person say that his beautiful art work the Pieta was created by a guy named Christoforo Solari. Michelangelo was in rage and wrote on Mary’s chest “MICHELANGELO ANGELUS BONAROTUS FLORENT FACIBAT,” which means (Michelangelo Buonarroti, Florentine, made this). Latter on Michelangelo deeply regretted his outburst of pride, and promised to never sign a beautiful work of his hands ever again. .“Already at 16, my mind was a battlefield: my love of pagan beauty, the male nude, at war with my religious faith. A polarity of themes and forms…one spiritual, the other earthly, I’ve kept these carvings on the walls of my studio to this very day.”

MICHELANGELO BUON-ARROTI nace en Marzo 6 en Caprese, y aldea cercanaFlor-ence.

El mano escuela y indicio hasta para un aprendi-zaje como pintor Domenico Ghirlandaio.

El esculpe sus 1st obras THE MADONNA OF THE STAIRS y los BATTLE OF THE CENTAURS.

Esculpe la PIETÀ de los French cardinal Jean de Billheres

Michelangelo muere Febrero 18 .

1475 1489

1564

1488 1499

During his time Michelangelo was one of

the most controversial artist in the renaissance. He put

hidden messages and symbols in his artwork, such as

Jewish symbols and some believe even insults to the

pope. During a time that was very much about recon-

ciling the great religions and the great knowledge’s of

the world and bringing them together, Michelangelo

made amazing art that inspired and cultivated genera-

tions.

Michelangelo was born march 6th 1475 in Tus-

cany, Italy. As he grew up in a time period unlike any

other he was placed with a wet nurse who was the

wife of a stone cutter. This is where he found his pas-

sion for chiseling, but when he told his father he

wanted to be an artist, his father became enraged and

said “Artist are laborers, no better than shoemakers!”

The young man’s passion for artwork and

natural talent worked well in his favor. After being the

apprentice of a local artist, and studying some human

anatomy, he went to Rome. This was when he made

his first sculpture, Bacchus, which was a pagan rather

than Christian work of art. During this same time he

did his work of art Pieta, which was one of his more

influential pieces of work, and heavily rooted in Chris-

tian culture.

In April of 1508 Michelangelo was

asked to paint the Sistine chapel. He never wanted

to do it, and says he always felt miserable while he

was creating this work of art, but he believed that

no piece of art should go undone. In his painting

“The Creation of Adam” it has been noticed that

god in the image is depicted as a brain, many theo-

ries have be said about this. Some say it’s a refer-

ence to a Kabbalah, a type of philosophy. "Now,

what's interesting is in Kabbalah we have different

kinds of wisdom," said Ray Doliner, a Vatican tour

guide. "The right side of the human brain in Kab-

balah means wisdom -- chokhma." And in the pic-

ture, god appears as a symbol for the right side of

the brain.

Top: “Tne Creation of Adam” Bottom: The image of god side by side to the right side of the brain, the two have a resemblance.

That was not the only work of art where Jewish

messages had been hidden in his artwork. In the Sistine

chapels depiction of David and Goliath, David it standing

over Goliath, and the form his body makes looks similar

to the Kabbalah symbol gimel which means Justice or

punishment, which for a painting of David and goliath

would be very ironic. Also in a painting showing Judith

and her handmaiden carrying the head Holofernes, They

form the Hebrew letter chet, which in Kaballah means

“Loving kindness” which would be a sarcastic comment

from Michelangelo.

Above:David and goliath, David forming the symbol “Gimel” Top right: Adam and even at a fig tree. Bottom right: Aminidab sitting with the mark of shame. Bellow: Mary and her handmaiden carrying the head of Holofernes forming “Chet”

There is a lot of evidence that Michel-

angelo didn’t necessarily disagree with the

church, but wanted them to be more influenced

by Judaism. In the catholic proverbs the forbid-

den fruit is usually seen as an apple, but in

Jewish text it’s a fig. In one painting Michelan-

gelo shows Adam and Eve underneath a fig

tree.

In another he paints Aminidab, who was be-lieved to be an ancestor of Christ, with a gold star. Doliner says this can be interpreted as “This is one of the ancestors of Christ, the Lord of your religion. And this is how you treat the people of your Lord?” The majority of these paintings were painted in the Sistine chapel, I personally believe as a very heartfelt insult to the pope, catholic religion, and Chris-tians in general who refuse to realize their true roots in Judaism. By Wes Georgi

Avellino, Ralph. "Forbidden Messages in Famous Frescoes? - ABC News." ABCNews.com: Breaking News, Politics, World News, Good Morning America, Exclusive Interviews - ABC News. 2 May 2008. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://abcnews.go.com/Travel/story?id=4767118>.

"Michelangelo Buonarroti." Neil Bonner — Thoughts on Innovation in Government, IT Strategy, Public Policy & Culture. Web. 03 May 2011. <http://www.michelangelo.com/buon/bio-index2.html>.

Vindioli, David A. "6 Real World Da Vinci Codes That Aren't Full of Crap | Cracked.com." Cracked.com - America's Only Humor & Video Site Since 1958 | Cracked.com. 27 Sept. 2010. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://www.cracked.com/article_18761_6-real-world-da-vinci-codes-that-arent-full-crap.html>.

Vindioli, David A. "6 Real World Da Vinci Codes That Aren't Full of Crap | Cracked.com." Cracked.com - America's Only Humor & Video Site Since 1958 | Cracked.com. 27 Sept. 2010. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://www.cracked.com/article_18761_6-real-world-da-vinci-codes-that-arent-full-crap.html>.

"Michelangelo Buonarroti." Neil Bonner — Thoughts on Innovation in Government, IT Strategy, Public Policy & Culture. Web. 03 May 2011. <http://www.michelangelo.com/buon/bio-index2.html>.

Avellino, Ralph. "Forbidden Messages in Famous Frescoes? - ABC News." ABCNews.com: Breaking News, Politics, World News, Good Morning America, Exclusive Interviews - ABC News. 2 May 2008. Web. 28 Apr. 2011. <http://abcnews.go.com/Travel/story?id=4767118>.

1475: Michel-angelo es nacen.

1489-92: Michelangelo aprendar arte y descubir anatomia

1508: Michel-angelo empezar el Sistine chapel y crear mucho dificil arte.

1519: Michel-angelo empezar el medici tombs.

1541: Michel-angelo terminar el last judge-ment.

64

Este es la estua de David uno de Michelangelo’s Invención.

Michelangelo impacted the world by showing how natu-ral art can be. Now many artist show art with a lot of hu-man anatomy. Muchos la gente piensan Michelangelo el deseno nuestro el mundo. There wouldn’t be as many creative or statues which would mean we wouldn’t have that many landmarks that we are known for. Many Replicas of Michelangelo’s David have been cre-ated. La mayora de fueron uno él exito. Michelangelo pensamiento su el próposito fue a esclu-pir.

1965

1991

1995

2007

2008

La estatua de David fue eliminada desde.

El una réplica esta una museo.

la estatua fue aislando.

Regaldo la estatua de David fue disminudo por

Jerusalem.

El primera bronce David réplica fue creando

El hombre probado a destruia La estatua.

Artist Biography - Michelangelo." Welcome to Artist Biographies. Microsoft Encyclopedia, 2001. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. <http://www.artbios.irvinewebworkssites.com/blank?pageid=4>.

Graceson, Susan Q. "Magnificenza: Michelangelo's Florence." The National Endowment for the Humanities. Magnificenza, May-June 2002. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. <http://www.neh.gov/news/humanities/2002-05/magnificenza.html>.

"Michelangelo's Artistic Influences." Michelangelo Buonarotti Paintings and Biography. Michelangelo Gallery. Web. 19 Apr. 2011. <http://www.michelangelo-gallery.com/artistic-influences.aspx>.

By Quinasha McCall

65

Jackie Robison logra sus Inventor Jackie Robinson durante los milita en 1942 Robinson opro ve-

Could you have been as brave as Jackie Robinson? Robinson died in 1972, but he died happy on the inside as a man who made things right. He was the first African American to play in major league baseball. Not only did he break the color barrier, but he left an impact on our lives today. His coach first asked him, “Are you ready? Can you do this?” his re-sponse was clear that he was ready no matter what came his direction.

To begin with, he was the first black man to play in major league baseball. When Jackie Robinson joined the Dodgers, people didn't have faith in him. People tortured him, and they thought of him as a disgrace. His coach questioned him as if he wasn’t prepared enough, “I know you’re a good player, but are you ready?”

Secondly, the impact Jackie Robinson left on our history is huge. He changed the face of sports for us today. The impact he left on everyone today for breaking the color bar-rier, was most affective, because he made it so that all ethnicity could play sports. He also left an impact on Hank Aaron; who followed his footprints, Hank said Jackie was such a hero to him. Also A’s feel the impact on Robinson’s legacy, every Friday night which is called “Robinson's night,”

Who was Jackie Robinson?

Born: 1919 Attended John Muir High

School Youngest of Five siblings College Of University of

California Mothers name Mallie Rob-

inson Death: 1972

By: Da’Shana Edwards

the team, coaches, and everyone wears jersey number forty- two in honor of him. He didn't leave just an impact on African Americans, but he also left one on the minorities of baseball. Now during these days if you go to the hall of fame, he will be in there.

Lastly, For the election of Obama becom-ing president people brought up the Bradley ef-fect, so then it came down to people saying what they thought about black people being elected. Everyone talked about L. Douglas Wilder v. Mar-shall Coleman or David Dinkins v. Rudy Giuliani, but no one brought up the Jackie Robinson effect. He didn't like being beat by Caucasian baseball players and being treated differently, but he didn't let it change anything. Jackie kept playing and the only way he could respond was by helping the dodgers win. After he played baseball, other Afri-can American people reached the major leagues and the color line in baseball became history.

In conclusion, Jackie Robinson was a great man, who made a change. People treated him wrong in the beginning, but then he became famous for what he did. Also, all over the world people still remember him and celebrate the day he made things right. Lastly, his impact on us to-day is huge; he is the face of sports.

Works Cited

"Jackie Robinson." Trinity College. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. <http://www.trincoll.edu/

classes/hist300/group2/jackie.htm>.

"Jackie Robinson." United States History. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. <http://www.u-s-

history.com/pages/h2068.html>.

MLB.com';, /. "Error: Bad Article URL | MLB.com: News." The Official Site of

Major League Baseball | MLB.com: Homepage. Web. 20 Apr. 2011.

<http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070414>.

Schwartz, Larry. "ESPN.com: Jackie Changed Face of Sports." ESPN: The World-

wide Leader In Sports. Web. 20 Apr. 2011. <http://espn.go.com/

sportscentury/features/00016431.html>.

1919 1942 1945 1947 1960 1972

Jackie Robinson empieza la vida

El une los milita

Jackie Robinson muere.

El as rom-piendo los negro barrera.

El tiene exito en beisbol. El es los encountrando juego cuando un centro campo. El es el primero afroameri-cano hombre en beisbol.

Robinson es muy impor-tante a la gente. El es un miembro de politicio cam-pana.

67

Being an immigrant and coming to the U.S is already tough. But to be a parent and to have three children to raise adds to the stress. Wanting better for kids, a better future, a better living environment and eve-rything you didn’t get to have as a child, is always a mother hope for her children. In this case that’s exactly what Dora Salk wanted for hers.

Dora’s eldest child was known as Jonas Salk, who later became the “The Miracle Worker”. She pushed hers kids to strive for the best. Raising her children Dora was very over protecting of her young ones which came out very nurturing.

They really didn’t have much of a social life just had really kept to them-selves. Jonas Salk dream as a child was to go into law and be elected to congress. His mother always believed in him but didn’t think law was a right career choice for him.

But with the help of his mother he soon switched in pre med and Dora still supported her child into what he wanted to become.

By: Ameenah Outlaw

So take a second and just think on how things would have turned out if Jonas Salk would’ve went into law and became a congressman. How would’ve invented the vaccine polio, how much longer would it have been, how many more people would’ve died. So we owe a great since of gratitude to Dora Salk for there could be no vaccines it wasn’t for her child Dr. Jonas Salk. During the summer of the 1950’s was a very critical point in the United States. This was the time that the crippling disease polio started to take effect, which started to kill thousands of children and adults. Jonas Salk was the first of his family to go to college. While attending medical school at New York University, Jonas was invited to research the study of influenza. Thus, this would later come hand in hand with the development of polio vaccine. Awhile later from his work with influenza, Jonas Salk accepted an appointment to the University of Pittsburgh Medical School. He then began to start to develop the vaccine for polio for the next eight years.

“Risks, I like to say pay. You can learn what to do or what not to do”

Jonas Salk,

"Hope lies in dreams, in imagination, and in the cour-age of those who dare to make dreams into reality." Jonas Salk,

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In the early year of 1952 Salk started to test his experiment on family and friends. In 1955, was when Jonas’ success of the vaccine became effective. The vaccine protected the people from the polio virus. On April 12, 1955 Dr. Jonas Salk was dubbed as the “Miracle Worker”, and became an overnight sensation. Jonas Salk refused to patent his inven-tion of the polio vaccine. He once stated that he just “merely wish to see the vaccine dis-seminate as widely as possible”. After while Jonas Salk still began to experiment on differ-ent research.

He founded in the Jonas Salk Institute for Biological Studies. During this time Salk published many books, a few of them being, “Man Unfolding”, “Anatomy of Reality”, and “World Population & Human Values: A New Reality”. Up until the time of his death Jonas spent his time researching for the vaccine to cure aids. At an interview in San Diego May of 1991 Jonas Salk stated that “As a child I was not interested in science. I was merely inter-ested in things human, the human side of na-ture, if you like, and I continue to be interested

Jonas Salk knew what he liked and wanted to do in life. He didn't’ want to profit from anything he invented which says huge things about him. This has which has a huge impact on society nationwide still to this day. Jonas Salk has impacted society in a huge manner because, who would have invented the vaccine for polio, how much longer would it have been, how many more people would have died? But we don’t have to think about those who's', I wonder, why, and would have been. Therefore, because of Jonas Salk there was development the vaccine, which led to many others of this decade. This has greatly impacted us all in a way.

En este retrato Salk esta poner el experimento a trabajo de toma un

Jonás Salk empezar en laboratorio creando fallo para el invención de vacuna.

"Jonas Salk Biography -- Academy of Achievement." Academy of Achieve-ment Main Menu. Web. 04 May 2011. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0bio-1>.

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1919: Jonás Salk está empezando a crear su investigación experimento en vacuna.

1947: Dr. Salk está aceptando de cita en la Universidad de Pittsburgh Médico escuela a estudio tecnología y ciencia.

1955: Jonás Salk está inventando vacuna. El encuentra eficaz vacunación.

1963: La tora Jonás Salk está fundiendo de “Instituto Biológico Estudio” para investigación estudio.

1990– 1995: Jonás empezar a sigua en estudio e investigación distinto vacuna.

April 12, 1995; Jonás Salk está coronando como trabajador de milagros para el descubrir de vacuna.

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Salk believed that protective immunity could be induced without infection by a living virus such as those used in the vaccines against small pox and rabies. He had observed that protection could be established using noninfectious, inactivated viruses, as he was developing the influ-enza vaccine. Salk had killed the polio virus using formaldehyde. The vaccine was actually tested in monkeys first, and then in patients. He had published several philosophical books and advocated cooperative rather than confrontational approaches to addressing human needs. Salk had died at the age of 80 on June 23 in the year of 1995.

1935- Tomó un ano de bioquímica. Jonas Salk esta estudiando en la escuela de medicina en ano de 1947. En abril de 1955, el Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. “declarió que la vacuna es segura y efectiva. El Fondo de la poliomyelitis en los Estados Unidos ya comprometir a comprar lo suficiente de la vacuna Salk para immunizer a 9,000,000 ninos y las mujeres. Salk se había convertido en una figura pública en tomo a los anos de 1970-1980. El había preferido que su carrera como el aprendando de la ciencia. El están continuando independi-ente y rivado mientras que él estaba investigando. El propósito de su invento era que él quería tener la vacunación contra la poliomyelitis es segura y efectiva. El sigue para estudiar después. El encuentrar una manera para la polio ser vacunado.l invención fur muy dificil empiezar con. El fue creeando una vacuna para la polio. La vacunación de polio fue por ultimo un éxito.

Works Cited: Www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/polio/ En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonas_Salk http://sci.rutgers.edu/forum/archive/index.php/t-58200.html http://www.salk.edu/about/jonas_salk.html

El comienzar su invención. La vacunación de la polio fue muy difícil, pero lo terminó. El propósito de su invención fue que trataba de curar la polio.

By Lyndsay Prager

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Jai is a 3 year old lit-tle boy who lives in Mali. He lives in a very small and poor village where there is no clean water. Jai has two older sisters that are 9 and 12, and an older brother who is 6. His mother has AIDS and his oldest sister has giardiasis which causes ma-jor diarrhea, gas, and cramps. Polio is lurking around the area and many children in the village have died because of it. Jai is lucky so far and doesn’t have it, but time is to the limit. There are no clinics Jai can go to; to get the vaccine that easily prevents the nasty sickness. He doesn’t under-stand what might happen to him if he doesn’t get it soon. Many children die from Polio every year. Places like Nigeria, India, and Afghanistan are affected most.

Why? They lack in medi-cal help and vaccinations. In 1952 Jonas Salk produced the Polio vaccine that prevented the virus from attacking the body. This wasn’t the cure, but it could easily protect the body from get-ting the sickness. Today there are so many other cures for other diseases, and some Salk influ-enced. His impact has left so many children living a healthy and Polio free life. Without this, many children wouldn’t survive and the spread of it would be outrageous. There are still many sick-nesses that need to be cured. Jonas made a prevention, but there are still children like Jai who need to be checked. Today in America, whenever a baby is born they are given the Polio vaccine along with others to make sure the

baby is healthy and stays that way. For Jai and the millions of other children and babies who don’t receive this, their life is at risk. Salk has left so many people alive, well, and Polio free. Without his vaccine, there would be a greater risk at getting it and possibly more infant and child deaths. Jonas has made a huge impact, now we can make a cure. One thing that could happen is that an innovator can make a cure for children who al-ready might have it. Jonas gave us the vaccination, but it hasn’t spread as far as possi-ble. It is our job for future generations to make sure the spread of the vaccination is ongoing. This is so that more clinics can be made in places where it is most needed, places where children like Jai can be checked, and go on to live their life.

“Risk, I like to say, always pay off. You learn what to do or what not to do.”

Salk em-pieza su vacuna.

Niños afectado por Polio

By Morgan Shannon

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Works Cited

"Diseases and Vaccines — Timelines — His-

tory of Vaccines." History of Vaccines

— A Vaccine History Project of The

College of Physicians of Philadelphia.

Web. 03 May 2011. <http://

www.historyofvaccines.org/content/

timelines/diseases-and-vaccines>.

1952- Salk empiezan el vacuna. Necisita experimentar.

1938—El president,

Franklin D. Roosevelt

comienzan March of the

Dimes.

1955—Vacuna es aprobar. Tiene un

exito.

1956– Salk puerba el vacuna en los niños

1995-Salk muere de fracaso corazon.

Salk’s medicina es muy bien!

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