WMO and Biomass Burning

7/28/2019 WMO and Biomass Burning

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World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

WMO and Biomass Burning

Liisa Jalkanen,

Atmospheric Environment Research (AER)Division

WMO Secretariat

www.wmo.int

WMO


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World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Independent technical UN agency, 189 Members

Secretariat in Geneva (staff 280)

Technical Departments

Observing and Information Systems (OBS)

Climate and Water (CLW)

Agricultural Meteorology

Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction Services (WDS)

Research (RES)

Atmospheric Environment Research Division (AER)

Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme

GURME


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THE GAW MISSION

Systematic long-term monitoring of atmospheric

chemical and physical parameters globally

Analysis and assessment

Development of predictive capability

(GURME and Sand and Dust Storm Warning System)


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GAW observations Stratospheric Ozone Tropospheric Ozone Greenhouse Gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCs)

Reactive Gases (CO, VOC, NOy, SO2) Precipitation Chemistry Aerosols (chemical, physical, AOD) UV Radiation (Natural Radionuclides, Rn222, Be7,14CO)Meteorological measurements also needed


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GAW Station Information System

GAWSISOnline - comprehensive information on all GAW stations

Database Search / Update Inventory / Audit

(Supported by Switzerland)


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GAW publications available from:http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/arep/gaw/gaw-reports.html


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Need to consider all scales


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Expert Overview SE Asia 1996 PARTS Program to AddressASEAN Regional Transboundary smoke

WMO WS on Regional Transboundary Smoke and Haze

Singapore 1998 recommendations, incorporated into

Health Guidelines for Vegetation Fire Events WHO/UNEP/WMO

WMO/ ESCAP Project 2001-2003 Support to the Implementation of theRegional Haze Action Plan of ASEAN Member Countries, objectives

Improve monitoring of particles

Development and assessment of aerosol transport models in the

ASEAN region (ASMC)

Promote coordination between institutions

Network of countries and international organizations formed

Fires History


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WMO/IUGG Collaboration:

Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation:

A Scientific Review. Springer. Z. Levin, W.R Cotton (Eds.), 2009

UN Inter-Agency Task Force on Disaster Risk ReductionWG 4 on Wildland Fire:

mitigation through early warning and local actions,

transfer of technical knowledge and establishment of effective

fire management networks

Currently UNISDR Wildland Fire Advisory Group

Meetings held annually in GFMC, Freiburg, Germany

Mainly fire management, planning for the Wildland Fire Conferences

(held every 4 y, next 2015), guidelines for fire emergencies.

History


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WWRP Wildfire Weather Workshop 2003:

Short range forecasting

Smoke transport, Fire behavior

Seasonal range forecasts

Decision support systems

Economic analysis of fire weather services

Ad Hoc WG on Fire Weather

WWRP and WCP

World Climate Programme

El Nino outlooks

Possible disruption of normal rainfall and temperature patterns

including extreme events, e.g. droughts

increase in the duration and intensity of fire seasons


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Commission for Agricultural

Meteorology

Applications of meteorology to agricultural croppingsystems, forestry, fisheries, and agricultural land useand livestock management

Development of agromet services of Members by transferof knowledge and methodology and by providing advice onvarious subjects;

Methods, procedures and techniques for the provision ofmeteorological services to agriculture (all sectors);

Formulation ofdata requirements for agricultural purposes;

Introduction ofeffective methods for disseminatingagromet information, advice and warnings to agricultureby mass media;

Meteorological aspects ofdrought and desertification.


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CAgM and Forestry Guide to Agricultural Meteorological Practices:Chapter 11 Applications of Meteorology to

Forestry & Non-Forest Trees

GOFC-GOLD Workshop on Requirements for

Fire Early Warning Systems in Africa (co-sponsored by WMO), Ghana (Nov 2007)

International Workshop on Advances in

Operational Weather Systems for Fire DangerRating, Edmonton, Canada (July 2008)

CAgM Report No. 99Fire in Forests,

Rangelands and Agricultural Systems (Jan 2006)

www.wmo.int/agm


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(1) traditional activities related to meteorological monitoring and forecasting

(2) monitoring and surveillance functions,

hot spot identification using satellite imageries,

smoke trajectory and dispersion modelling,

compiling monthly and seasonal climate prediction information,activities related to atmospheric chemistry observations

(3) dissemination of information to environmental and other agencies

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres (RSMCs)

provide analyses and forecasts, such as smoke trajectory forecasts,

to assist in environmental emergency situations

(ASMC Singapore, RSMC Melbourne)

NMHSs


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WMO 16th Congress requested GURME, with other WMO Programmes

to revisit the issue of forest fires, possibly together with other dispersion

studies, and include both research and operational aspects.

Core GAW activity in fires: the use of GAW observations to detect the

influence of fires on atmospheric chemistry, combine with modelling.Assist in strengthening regional monitoring efforts.

Fits well in overarching GURME Tasks (GSP Addendum, GAW Rep 197)

such as use of satellite data, improvement of AQ products for e.g.

human health and agriculture sectors and improved AQF as an elementof MHEWSs for integrated disaster risk management.

Improved AQ and weather forecasting in fire impacted regions through

incorporation of feedbacks.

New activity focus, benefits of international cooperation


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Better understanding of interconnections between vegetation cover, climate

(e.g., climate/drought indexes) and fires for improved forecasts of fires,

such as, and their consequences (landslides etc).

Improved management of smoke and haze (transboundary) pollution events

through efforts directed at enhanced information exchange and coordination.

Consider establishing Fire nodes and centres similar to

the Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System

SDS/WAS.

New activity focus, benefits of international cooperation


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Collaboration critical for success!

WMO and Biomass Burning

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