WMO 1996 Wind Measurement Requirements
description
Transcript of WMO 1996 Wind Measurement Requirements
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Proposal for 2008 Version of the Wind Measurement Requirements
Michael J. KavayaNASA Langley Research Center
Working Group on Space-Based Lidar WindsMonterey, California USA
5 – 8 February 2008
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WMO 1996 Wind Measurement Requirements
Sensing Depth 0-20 km
Wind Speed Error21
100 to 5 hPaSurface to 100 hPa m/s
Wind Direction Error2.5 deg5 deg
Speed > 15 m/sSpeed < 15 m/s
deg
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
0
1000200030004000500060007000800090001000011000120001300014000150001600017000180001900020000210002200023000240002500026000270002800029000300003100032000330003400035000
Altitude (m)
Pressure (hPa)
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NPOESS/IPO 28 June 1996 Wind Measurement Requirements
Threshold Objective
Sensing Depth 0-20 0-20 km
Vertical Sampling IntervalIn any clouds & for PBL, aerosol
returns0.1
km
Horizontal Resolution 200 50 km
Velocity Error, Vector 2 0.5 m/s
Temporal Resolution 12 1 hour
+
++
+
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NASA/NOAA GTWS Wind Measurement Requirements (Partial List)Posted on Web on 16 Oct. 2001
Threshold Objective
Vertical Depth of Regard (DOR) 0-20 0-30 km
Vertical Resolution: Tropopause To Top of DOR Top of BL To Tropopause Surface To Top of BL (~2 km)
N/A1
0.5
20.5
0.25
kmkmkm
Horizontal ResolutionA 350 100 km
Number of HorizontalA Wind TracksB 4 12 -
Number of Collocated LOS Wind Measurements for HorizontalA Wind Calculation
2 = pair 2 = pair -
Velocity ErrorC Above BL In BL
33
21
m/sm/s
Temporal Resolution 12 6 hour
Minimum Wind Measurement Success RateD 50 50 %A Horizontal winds are not actually calculated; rather two LOS winds with appropriate angle spacing and collocation are measured for an “effective” horizontal wind measurement. The two LOS winds are reported to the user. B The 4 cross-track measurements do not have to occur at the same along-track coordinate; staggering is OK. C Error = 1 LOS wind random error, projected to a horizontal plane; from all lidar, geometry, pointing, atmosphere, and signal processing effects. The true wind is defined as the linear average, over a 100 x 100 km box centered on the LOS wind location, of the true 3-D wind projected onto the lidar beam direction provided with the data. DScored per vertical layer per LOS measurement not counting thick clouds
++
+
+
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NASA/NOAA GTWS Wind Measurement Requirements (Partial List)Posted on Web on 16 Oct. 2001 – Errata Added Later
Threshold Objective
Minimum Vertical Depth of Regard (DOR) 0-20 0-30 km
Maximum Vertical Resolution: Tropopause to Top of DOR Top of BL to Tropopause (~12 km) Surface to Top of BL (~2 km)
N/A1
0.5
20.5
0.25
kmkmkm
Maximum Horizontal ResolutionA 350 100 km
Minimum Number of HorizontalA Wind TracksB 4 12 -
Minimum Number of Collocated LOS Wind Measurements for HorizontalA Wind Calculation
2 = pair 2 = pair -
Maximum Velocity ErrorC Above BL In BL
32
21
m/sm/s
Maximum Temporal Resolution (N/A for Single S/C) 12 6 hour
Minimum Wind Measurement Success RateD 50 50 %A Horizontal winds are not actually calculated; rather two LOS winds with appropriate angle spacing and collocation are measured for an “effective” horizontal wind measurement. The two LOS winds are reported to the user. B The 4 cross-track measurements do not have to occur at the same along-track coordinate; staggering is OK. C Error = 1 LOS wind random error, projected to a horizontal plane; from all lidar, geometry, pointing, atmosphere, signal processing, and sampling effects. The true wind is defined as the linear average, over a 100 x 100 km box centered on the LOS wind location, of the true 3-D wind projected onto the lidar beam direction provided with the data. DScored per vertical layer per LOS measurement not counting thick clouds
+
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NASA/NOAA GTWS Wind Measurement Requirements (Partial List)Modified in 2005-2006 during NASA Lidar Technologies WG
Demo Threshold Objective
Minimum Vertical Depth of Regard (DOR) 0-20 0-20 0-30 km
Maximum Vertical Resolution: Tropopause to Top of DOR Top of BL to Tropopause (~12 km) Surface to Top of BL (~2 km)
N/A21
N/A1
0.5
20.5
0.25
kmkmkm
Maximum Horizontal ResolutionA 350 350 100 km
Minimum Number of HorizontalA Wind TracksB 2 4 12 -
Minimum Number of Collocated LOS Wind Measurements for HorizontalA Wind Calculation
2 = pair 2 = pair 2 = pair -
Maximum Velocity ErrorC Above BL In BL
32
32
21
m/sm/s
Maximum Temporal Resolution (N/A for Single S/C) N/A 12 6 hour
Minimum Wind Measurement Success RateD 50 50 50 %A Horizontal winds are not actually calculated; rather two LOS winds with appropriate angle spacing and collocation are measured for an “effective” horizontal wind measurement. The two LOS winds are reported to the user. B The 4 cross-track measurements do not have to occur at the same along-track coordinate; staggering is OK. C Error = 1s LOS wind random error, projected to a horizontal plane; from all lidar, geometry, pointing, atmosphere, signal processing, and sampling effects. The true wind is defined as the linear average, over a 100 x 100 km box centered on the LOS wind location, of the true 3-D wind projected onto the lidar beam direction provided with the data. DScored per vertical layer per LOS measurement not counting thick clouds
+
Demo addition approved by NASA/NOAA GTWS SDT and by NASA HQ SMD ESD
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Yet More Changes
• External Peer Review of Laser/Lidar Work at LaRC in Oct. 2007
• Criticized for not having technology path to all 3 sets of requirements
• Criticized for showing requirements with “old” date of 2001
• Criticized for N/A’s listed for vertical resolution
• Wayman Baker and others suggested sending Objective requirements to oblivion,
leaving Demo and Threshold
• Wayman Baker suggested 4 and 3 km for the vertical resolution requirement from 12 to
20 km for the Demo and Threshold missions, respectively
• The NRC Earth Science Decadal Survey was published in Jan. 2007. It recommended
two wind missions, “Demonstration” in 2016 and “Operational Demonstration”
in 2022.
• Wayman Baker and others suggested renaming the NASA/NOAA GTWS “Demo” to
“Science Demonstration”, and renaming “Threshold” to “Operational”
• May we have consensus on all these changes and call them the NASA/NOAA 2008
requirements?
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NASA/NOAA Wind Measurement RequirementsPart 1 of 3
Science Demonstration
Operational
Minimum Vertical Depth of Regard (DOR) 0-20 0-20 km
Maximum Vertical Resolution: Tropopause to Top of DOR Top of BL to Tropopause (~12 km) Surface to Top of BL (~2 km)
421
31
0.5
kmkmkm
Maximum Horizontal ResolutionA 350 350 km
Minimum Number of HorizontalA Wind TracksB 2 4 -
Minimum Number of Collocated LOS Wind Measurements for HorizontalA Wind Calculation
2 = pair 2 = pair -
Maximum Velocity ErrorC Above BL In BL
32
32
m/sm/s
Minimum Wind Measurement Success RateD 50 50 %A Horizontal winds are not actually calculated; rather two LOS winds with appropriate angle spacing and collocation are measured for an “effective” horizontal wind measurement. The two LOS winds are reported to the user. B The 4 cross-track measurements do not have to occur at the same along-track coordinate; staggering is OK. C Error = 1 LOS wind random error, projected to a horizontal plane; from all lidar, geometry, pointing, atmosphere, signal processing, and sampling effects. The true wind is defined as the linear average, over a 100 x 100 km box centered on the LOS wind location, of the true 3-D wind projected onto the lidar beam direction provided with the data. DScored per vertical layer per LOS measurement not counting thick clouds
ObjectiveRequirements
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BACKUP
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NASA/NOAA 2008 Wind Measurement Requirements
ScienceDemonstration Mission
Operational Mission
Current Horizontal Wind Vertical Profile Observations
~23 km
• Global averages• If 2 measurements in a box, pick best one• Emphasis on wind profiles vs. height
Courtesy Dr. G. David EmmittNote different color key
2
20
0
100%0
12
50%
< 3 m/s, 3 km
< 2 m/s, 0.5 km
< 3 m/s, 1 km
≈
33%
Thick clouds
No Vector Wind Measurement
Required Minimum Success
Rate
Vector Wind Measurement Success Rate
Altitude (km)
Vector Wind Measurement Success Rate
Altitude (km)
2
20
0
100%0
12
50%
< 3 m/s, 2 km
< 3 m/s, 4 km
≈
33%
No Vector Wind MeasurementThick clouds
Required Minimum Success
Rate
< 2 m/s , 1 km
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Pulsed Doppler Wind Lidar Concept
Science Mission Operational Mission
NRC 2007 Earth Science
Decadal Survey
Recommended
Demonstration “3-D Winds”
Mission in 2016
NRC 2007 Earth Science
Decadal Survey
Recommended
Operational “3-D Winds”
Mission in 2022