With Discounts Sales Tax and Tips LEARNING ABOUT PERCENT.
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Transcript of With Discounts Sales Tax and Tips LEARNING ABOUT PERCENT.
With DiscountsSales Taxand Tips
LEARNING ABOUT PERCENT
Fractions, decimals, and percent are used everywhere all around us. In this tutorial you will practice calculating discounts and sale prices and learn strategies for finding a tip.
HOW TO USE THIS TUTORIALWhat is a
StAIR?
A StAIR activity is a stand alone instructional
resource. This StAIR was created
for students to learn more about finding
the percent of a number in two real life situations: sales
tax and tipping. After viewing the instructional parts of the power point, students will work through several
practice problems to demonstrate
their understanding of the skill.
Follow the directions on each page to learn more about how to find the percent of a
number.
HOME PAGE
Review
Lesson
Practice
Start with the review, then
move on to the lesson. When
you’re done, try the practice problems.
When you are changing a
percent to a decimal, divide the percent by
100 and drop the percent sign. Shortcut - just
move the decimal two places to the left! Look at the table to see how
it’s done.
REVIEWRemember … fractions, decimals, and percents are related. You can easily change from a decimal to a percent or from a percent to a decimal.
Now, it’s your turn …
Example 1: Change 32% to a decimal 0.32
Example 2: Write 153% as a decimal 1.53
REVIEW
ANSWER
ANSWER
When you are changing a
decimal to a percent, multiply
the number by 100 and add a percent sign.
Shortcut - move the decimal two
places to the right. Here’s
what that looks like.
REVIEW
Let’s try these problems…
Example 1: Change 0.86 to a percent 86%
Example 2: Write 0.23 as a percent 23%
REVIEW
ANSWER
ANSWER
GREAT WORK
Now you’re ready for the
! ! !
Discounts!
It’s important to know how to work with percents when you are shopping so you can find the cost of sale items and know what to leave for a tip when you are provided a service.
Let’s fi rst talk about
LESSONPercent
Percent is represented with the % symbol. It is a ratio that means out of 100 or “per hundred.”
15% = 15/100 = 0.15
25% = 25/100 = 0.25 SALE
S!
Good news! The cell phone you’ve always wanted has just gone on sale. The regular price of the phone is $128 and it’s 20% off.
Regular Price
The price of an item before a discount. This is sometimes referred to as the original price.
Discount
A discount is calculated as a percent of decrease.
Sale Price
The sale price is the amount paid after a discount is applied.
EXAMPLE 1 DISCOUNTS
You can calculate the discount by finding 20% of $128.
Click the arrow to find out how.
STEPS
1 2 8
x 0 2
1. 20% = 0.20
2. 128 x 0.20 =
3. $128.00 –$ 25.60 =
1. Change the percent to a decimal.
2. Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.3. Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
$ 102.40
6
1
52
$25.60
Ready for another example?
EXAMPLE 1 DISCOUNTS
In a catalog you find a telescope on sale for 35% off. The original price is $180. How much is the sale price?
Regular Price
The price of an item before a discount. This is sometimes referred to as the original price.
Discount
A discount is calculated as a percent of decrease.
Sale Price
The sale price is the amount paid after a discount is applied.
EXAMPLE 2 DISCOUNTS
You can calculate the discount by finding 35% of $180.
Click the arrow to find out how.
STEPS
1 8 0
x 0 3 5
1. 35% = 0.35
2. 180 x 0.35 =
3. $180.00 –$ 63.00 =
1. Change the percent to a decimal.
2. Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.3. Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
$ 117.00
0
4
09
$63.00
Let’s try one more.
EXAMPLE 2 DISCOUNTS
004
2
5+
0036
1
On the clearance counter you find a calendar marked 75% off. The regular price of the calendar was $9.00. What is the sales price?
Regular Price
The price of an item before a discount. This is sometimes referred to as the original price.
Discount
A discount is calculated as a percent of decrease.
Sale Price
The sale price is the amount paid after a discount is applied.
EXAMPLE 3 DISCOUNTS
You can calculate the discount by finding 75% of $9.00.
Click the arrow to find out how.
STEPS
0 7 5
x 9
1. 75% = 0.75
2. 9 x 0.75 =
3. $9.00 –$ 6.75 =
1. Change the percent to a decimal.
2. Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.3. Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
$ 2.25
5
4
76
$6.75
Not too hard, is it? Now, we can’tforget about sales tax! So click the arrow to learn how that’s calculated.
EXAMPLE 3 DISCOUNTS
6
To find the amount of sales tax you need to:
Sales Tax
Sales tax varies from state to state. To determine the amount of sales tax on an item you must first know the tax rate in your state. In the state of Michigan sales tax is 6%. Sales tax is added to the price of an item at the point of purchase.
SALES TAX
1. Change the percent to a decimal.
For more information and examples about sales taxclick .HERE
2. Multiply that by the cost of your item.
3. Finally, add that amount to the cost of your item.
In our cell phone example we found the sale price to be $102.40
SALES TAX EXAMPLE 11. Change the tax rate to a decimal.6% = 0.062. Multiply 0.06 by the cost of your item. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.3. Add that amount to your original cost.
0.06 x 102.40 = 6.144 This should be rounded to $6.14
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
6% = 0.06
$102.40 + $6.14 =
$108.54
This is the ACTUAL amount you would pay for the cell phone.
In the telescope example we found the sale price to be $117.00
SALES TAX EXAMPLE 21. Change the tax rate to a decimal.6% = 0.062. Multiply 0.06 by the cost of your item. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.3. Add that amount to your original cost.
0.06 x 117 = 7.02
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
6% = 0.06
$117 + $7.02 = $124.02
This is the ACTUAL amount you would pay for the telescope.
The calendar cost was $2.25
SALES TAX EXAMPLE 31. Change the tax rate to a decimal.6% = 0.062. Multiply 0.06 by the cost of your item. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.3. Add that amount to your original cost.
0.06 x 2.25 = 0.135This can be rounded to 0.14
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 3
6% = 0.06
$2.25 + $0.14= $2.39
This is the ACTUAL amount you would pay for the calendar.
It’s important to be able to fi gure out a tip quickly. There are many circumstances where this is needed …
TIPPINGTips
A tip or gratuity is a small amount of money left in exchange for a service. Tips are calculated as a percent of a price just like sales tax.
for servers at restaurants
for the person who cuts your hair
for the valet who retrieves your car or for the taxi cab driver
TIPPINGTips
A tip or gratuity is a small amount of money left in exchange for a service. Tips are calculated as a percent of a price just like sales tax.
To determine the tip, you need to change the percent to a decimal and multiply by the cost of the service.
Here’s how it’s done …
Click for a shortcut.
It is generally accepted that a tip should be between 15% and 20% of the service provided.The rule of thumb is 15% for adequate service and 20% for exceptional service.
So, if your bill at the diner came to $23.50 and you had exceptional service you would want to leave a 20% tip.
20% = 0.2
0.2 x 23.50 = $4.70
HERE
You would leave $4.70
A customer wants to leave a 15% tip on a bill for $18.60 at a Chinese restaurant. Find out how much the customer should leave.
TIPPING EXAMPLE 1Step 1
Change the percent to a decimal.
0.15 x 18.60 = 2.79
STEP 3
If needed, round to the nearest hundredth.
STEP 2
Multiply the percent by the total bill.
15% = 0.15Click HERE
for a reminder
about using mental math
$2.79 is 15% of $18.60
A customer decides to leave a 20% tip for his dog groomer. The cost for the service was $35.00. What is the tip the customer leaves?
TIPPING EXAMPLE 2Step 1
Change the percent to a decimal.
0.20 x 35 = 7
STEP 3
If needed, round to the nearest hundredth.
STEP 2
Multiply the percent by the total bill.
20% = 0.2Click HERE
for a reminder
about using mental math
$7.00 is 20% of $35.00
Rachel gets a ride in a taxi from the airport. The cab fare came to $27 and she decided to tip the driver 18%. How much money did she give to the driver?
TIPPING EXAMPLE 3Step 1
Change the percent to a decimal.
0.18 x 27 = 4.86STEP 3
If needed, round to the nearest hundredth.
STEP 2
Multiply the percent by the total bill.
18% = 0.18
She tipped the driver $4.86
Click on the attached video link to review what we learned about solving percent problems with taxes and tips.
VIDEO
PRACTICE
Discount Problems
Gratuity Problems
Now, you’re ready to
practice some problems on your own.
DISCOUNT PROBLEM 1
Max found the bike that he’s wanted for a long time on sale at 25% off. The original price of the bike was $210. What is the price with the discount?
$195.30 $142.50 $178.00 $157.50
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
STEP 2
STEP 3
25% = 0.25
0.25 x 210 =
210.00 − 52.50 =
Back to the
Problem
DISCOUNT PROBLEM 2
The bakery sells a dozen cupcakes for $29. To celebrate their one year anniversary the owner is selling all cupcakes for 20% off the regular price. How much will it cost to buy a dozen cupcakes on this day?
$23.20 $24.80 $28.52 $23.00
Try AgainSorry
Do you need ?
YES
NO
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
STEP 2
STEP 3
20% = 0.2
0.2 x 29 =
29.00 − 5.80 =
Back to the
Problem
The answer is $23.20
YES!
DISCOUNT PROBLEM 3
A necklace regularly sells for $18.00. The store advertises a 15% discount. What is the sale price of the necklace in dollars?
$15.60 $16.70 $16.20 $15.30
RIGHT ON
Good Work
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
Check your work !
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
STEP 2
STEP 3
15% = 0.15
0.15 x 18 =
18.00 − 2.70 =
Back to the
Problem
DISCOUNT PROBLEM 4
A new radio is priced at $30. The store has an end-of-year sale and all their items are 30% off. What is the sale price of the radio?
$27.00 $21.00 $24.00 $9.00
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
TRY AGAIN
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price.
STEP 2
STEP 3
30% = 0.3
0.3 x 30 =
30.00 − 9.00 =
Back to the
Problem
DISCOUNT PROBLEM 5
A chair that costs $210 was reduced by 40% for a one-day sale. After the sale, the sale price was increased by 40%. What is the price of the chair?
$176.40 $185.30 $205.50 $210.00
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
Check your work !
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1
Change the percent to a decimal. 40% = 0.4
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer. 0.4 x 210 = ________
Now to find the sale price, subtract the discount from the regular price. 210.00 – 84.00 = _________
STEP 2
STEP 3
Back to the
Problem
STEP 4
Now you have to find 40% of that sale price. So, $126 x 0.4 = _______. Then, add that amount to $126.
With problems involving discounts
FOR MORE PRACTICE
Click Here
GRATUITY PROBLEM 1
The cost of Ken’s car wash was $23.95. If he wants to give his detailer a 15% tip, about how much of a tip should he leave?
$2.40 $3.60 $4.60 $4.80
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Round your answer to the nearest hundredth and you get $3.59. Since this question asks about how much would you tip, you would give $3.60.
STEP 2
STEP 3
15% = 0.15
0.15 x 23.95 =
Back to the
Problem
GRATUITY PROBLEM 2
Constance got a manicure at the beauty shop. The cost for the manicure was $25.50. She left a 15% tip. How much money did she tip?
$1.70 $3.83 $5.10 $38.25
Try AgainSorry
Do you need ?
YES
NO
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now, round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
STEP 2
STEP 3
15% = 0.15
0.15 x 25.50 =
$3.83
Back to the
Problem
The answer is $3.83
YES!
GRATUITY PROBLEM 3
At a diner, Ruthie orders soup, salad, and a drink that comes to $7. Find the total cost of the meal if she leaves an 18% tip.
$8.18 $8.26 $1.26 $7.85
RIGHT ON
Good Work
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
Check your work !
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
Now to find the TOTAL COST of the meal you need to add the tip amount to the cost of food.
STEP 2
STEP 3
18% = 0.18
0.18 x 7 =
1.26 + 7.00 =
Back to the
Problem
GRATUITY PROBLEM 4
A cab ride home cost 16.40. Billy gave the driver a 20% tip for his great service. How much money did Billy give the cab driver?
$32.80 $1.64 $3.86 $3.28
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
TRY AGAIN
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1Change the percent to a decimal.
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer.
STEP 2
20% = 0.2
0.2 x 16.40 =
Back to the
Problem
GRATUITY PROBLEM 5
You and five friends go to lunch. You plan to split the bill evenly, and you plan to leave a 20% tip. The bill comes to $55.50. How much will each person pay for the meal?
$8.88 $11.10 $13.32 $12.65
You Got It!
Way to Go
WRONG ANSWER
Do you need ?
YES
NO
Check your work !
HERE’S WHAT TO DO
STEP 1
Change the percent to a decimal. 20% = 0.2
Multiply this decimal by the regular price. Don’t forget to place the decimal in the right place in your answer. 0.2 x 55.50 = ________
Now to find the total price, add the tip to the bill. 11.10 + 55.50 = _________
STEP 2
STEP 3
Back to the
Problem
STEP 4
To find out how much each person should contribute, divide that total by 5. 66.60 ÷ 5 = __________
Easy! Move the decimal one place to the left.
SHORTCUT
Use Mental Math
1. Find 10 % of your number by dividing the total by 10.
2. To find 20% just double that number since 20 % = 10% + 10%
If you are trying to figure out 15%, you just need to remember that15% = 10% + 5%. If your bill was $34.00, 10% is $3.40, you can take half of that number to find 5% . Half of $3.40 is $1.70 ( 3.40 ÷ 2 = 1.70). Now, just add this together. 3.40 + 1.70 = $5.10
That’s a great idea!
Easy! Move the decimal
one place to the left.
SHORTCUT
Use Mental Math
1. Find 10 % of your number by dividing the total by 10.
2. Remember 15% = 10% + 5%, so let’s find 5% now
Moving the decimal one place to the left for $18.60gives us $1.86
5% is half of 10%. So, divide $1.86 in half and you get $0.93
3. Now, you just need to add these together.
$0.93 + $1.86 = $2.79$2.79 is a 15% tip on $18.60
Easy! Move the decimal
one place to the left.
SHORTCUT
Use Mental Math
1. Find 10 % of your number by dividing the total by 10.
2. Since 20% = 10% + 10%, just double the answer you got in step 1.
Moving the decimal one place to the left for $35.00gives us $3.50
$3.50 x 2 = $7.00
CONGRATULATIONS!
You’ve made it through all the
problems in this tutorial. Now, you can put these math
skills to good use the next time you’re out
shopping.