Wireless Application Protocol and i-Mode
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Transcript of Wireless Application Protocol and i-Mode
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Wireless Application Protocol and i-Mode
By
Sridevi Madduri
Swetha Kucherlapati
Sharrmila Jeyachandran
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Presentation Outline
Motivation Introduction to WAP WAP Architecture Introduction to i-Mode i-Mode Architecture WAP Versus i-Mode Conclusion
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Motivation
The need to access the Internet Content with handheld devices from anywhere
Characteristics of handheld devices:
- Weak CPU
- Limited memory
- Limited battery power
- Limited user I/O
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Introduction to WAP
Gateway to a new world of mobile data Universal standard which enables users to easily access
Web based interactive information services and applications from the screens of their mobile phones
WAP Forum – Initial proposals came from Ericsson, Nokia and Phone.com.
WAP can work over several wireless technologies WAP stack can operate on various mobile devices with
different operating system.
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Introduction to WAP cont’d
Client application is a micro-browser Uses Wireless Markup Language Information is organized as decks and cards XHTML Mobile Profile (XHTMLMB) replaces WML in
WAP 2.0 Commerce, finance , entertainment and messaging
applications are the most widely used services.
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WAP Architecture
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WAP Architecture cont’d
WAP Gateway provides the following functions:
- translate WAP protocols to web protocols
- encode WAP content into a compact for radio transfer and decode compact
content transmitted over radio
- manage user profiles (client capabilities and user preferences)
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WAP protocol architecture Wireless Application Environment (WAE) –
Application level services, tools and languages for content handling
Wireless Session protocol (WSP) – connection-oriented and connectionless sessions
Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) – reliable connection and transaction oriented services , flow control, retransmissions
Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) – privacy, integrity, authentication and end-to-end security
Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) – common interface to physical bearers
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Introduction to i-Mode
Japan’s leading cellular phone operator NTTDocoMo launched
i-Mode in 1999
i-Mode is a packet-switched mobile phone service, which offers
continuous , always-on internet access
i-Mode uses Personal Digital Cellular Packet (PDC-P) bearer
Client application is a micro-browser
i-Mode enabled websites use compact HTML (cHTML), a subset
of HTML4.0
Simple entertainment represents more than 75% of the
traffic followed by email and news.
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i-Mode Communication Model
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i-Mode Architecture
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i-Mode Protocol Architecture Transport Layer protocol (TLP) – Improved efficiency in
PDC-P network over TCP, no 3-way handshake Application Layer Protocol (ALP) – supports both pull and
push style communication, direct communication between mobile phone and i-Mode server
User Information Transfer Protocol (UITP) – sends subscriber information from PDP-C network to i-Mode server
Network Management Protocol (NWMP) – perform signaling (start/end of communication)
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WAP and i-Mode Features Open specification for
content handling in wireless networks
Site based on WML 39% of world’s wireless
internet users Usually used over circuit
switched connections Services business-oriented,
work-oriented Anyone can produce
contents, content menus
Wireless internet service
Sites based on cHTML 60% of world’s wireless
internet users Usually used over packet-
switched networks Services user-oriented, fun-
oriented Anyone can produce
content , DoCoMo operates content menus
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Conclusion
WAP is an open specification developed by a consortium i-Mode is a service developed by NTTDoCoMo 3G – services (FOMA) are currently provide for i-Mode
users WAP 2.0 is a step toward integrating previous releases
of WAP and i-Mode.
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Questions
How Secure is WAP ?- WTLS protocol / client & WAP gateway- SSL / web server and WAP gateway- Security parameters to protect the session (like
encryption protocols, signature algorithms, public keys)
- Keys negotiated periodically- Client and Server authentication using certificates,
secure exchange of keys , encryption of data, digital signing.
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Questions cont’d Does i-mode support JAVA ?- ‘i-appli’ : service that provides a integrated
platform for appl programs written in java for i-mode capable phones.
- KVM
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Questions cont’d
What security measures are implemented in i-mode?
- SSL/TLS protocol provides server authentication and i-mode devices have certificates pre-installed
- Confidentiality and integrity of application data is guaranteed
- Client authentication via applications specific means
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Questions cont’d
Are browsers like IE and Netscape supported by i-mode? If not why? What is the remedy?
- Micro-browsers - Low memory and bandwidth capacities
Can WAP and i-Mode Co-exist?
Yes
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THANK YOU