NEXT  GENERATION  INNOVATION  PLATFORM  FOR  RESEARCH  AND  ECONOMIC  DEVELOPMENT  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES  

Winter  JT  2012  January  23,  2012  

•  For the past decade, the R&E networking community has been: –  Exploring new technologies (dynamic circuits, performance

monitoring) –  Experimenting with new protocols (multicast, IPv6) –  Building incrementally bigger networks more cost efficiently –  Refining business models through aggregation

•  Joint Techs has played a key role:"–  Bring together the best and the brightest of the R&E technical

community "–  Opportunity to share ideas, demonstrate new technologies"

Why  this  talk?  

But …"

•  In 1996 it was about taking risks …"

•  In the 2000s, it was about “can I protect my business model?”"

Are  we  having  an  impact?  

Leading commercial innovators employ …"•  Facebook – 3,000"•  Google – 32,000"•  Apple – 60,000"•  Cisco – 63,000""R&E communityʼs collective ranks …"•  IT departments"•  Campus engineering departments"•  University technical incubators"

Collectively, we outnumber leading commercial innovators …"

We  have  the  numbers  

5  –  1/23/12,  ©  2009  Internet2  

Can our collective impact on the future Internet exceed these

industry leaders?"

US R&E Community: A History of Innovation

•  Creating opportunity for new innovation begins with understanding what has enabled innovation in the past.

•  Seminal role of the R&E community "–  Creation of the modern Internet "–  Creation of transformative technology of our era"

•  Story is on-going, not simply historical"•  Setting the groundwork for the next stage"

Historical  Drivers  of  InnovaIon  

•  Total 30 year Federal investment of $225M to enable the precursors of the internet are small, but…"–  NSFNet/connections program ~$75M* "–  CS-Net ~$5M*"–  ARPAnet ~$150M*"

•  Have catalyzed Internet businesses including:"–  Internet Services Providers $40B /yr"–  Network hardware vendors $100B /yr"–  Internet software & services $100B /yr"

Return on Investment in R&E networking

•  First early commercial Internet companies were spun out of R&E networks "

–  Merit Network co-created ANS"–  The Center for Seismic Studies in Northern Virginia created UUNET"–  Nysernet created PSINet"

•  WWW and web browsers and early commercial sites created avalanche of demand for commercial Internet presence"

–  The first web browsers were created by CERN and NCSA at the University of Illinois Chicago Urbana"

•  Reality: Internet became the de facto standard because that’s where the action was – created by the R&E community"

•  Now the ISP Market is $40B annually and Internet Software and Services Market is $100B annually "

Vignette: Internet Service Providers

•  Early routers were built on campuses (Fuzzball, early Stanford Router, early MIT router, BSD Unix routers)"

•  Cisco & Proteon commercialized first routers based on Stanford and MIT technology; early customers were R&E running multi-protocol networks"

•  Market today for Internet network equipment: $100B annually"

Vignette: Network Equipment Market

•  Workstations (Sun Micro from Berkeley, Stanford)"•  Routers (CISCO from Stanford, Proteon from MIT)"

•  Network caching (Akamai from MIT)"

•  Security/IDS (Arbor Networks from Univ. of Michigan)"•  Web Technologies (Gopher from Minnesota, Mosiac from NCSA)"•  Content (Facebook from Harvard; Google from Stanford)"

•  Internet evolved from the bandwidth rich environment in labs and on campuses that started with the ARPAnet and NSFnet"

Vignette: Technology Companies

•  Traditional media companies delivered physical content through tightly controlled channels"–  Books: Books sold through bookstores / Amazon"–  Newspapers: Delivered to your door"–  Music: Albums sold through music stores / Amazon"–  Movies: Movies shown in movie theaters and rented at

Blockbuster"•  Although rampant file-sharing on campuses created legal

issues and other headaches for the R&E community, companies that grew out of the R&E community, such as Napster, upended the entire media industry."

•  New era of media companies focused on electronic delivery"–  Delivery via smartphones (iPhone, Android), tablets (iPad,

Kindle)"–  Sold through app stores, iTunes, Netflix"

Vignette: Media Companies

•  Whole new markets have been created that have benefited our economy through new companies and the information-based economy

•  Many companies have been created or re-invented through innovations in the R&E community "

•  Even those who have been reluctant to lead change have become major beneficiaries of the innovation"

•  R&E community has been the source of the “disruptive technologies” that enabled whole new industries and changed existing ones"

Information-Based Economy

•  R&E Community is critical to advancement of networking and advanced applications in the US and the World"

•  We moved and continue to move the world from proprietary to open networking "

•  We led and continue to lead thinking from bandwidth scarcity to bandwidth availability – new applications do not happen without capacity for innovation"

•  The leading and game changing apps continue to start on campuses and research labs"

•  Leading new companies and entire industries have their roots on our campuses; our investments seeded the creation of the internet economy."

""""

Role of the R&E Community

•  The R&E community is partners with the private sector."•  By building networks and applications that advance the

state-of-the-art we create whole new markets for advanced communications"

•  Many of the capabilities that service providers are beginning to offer now were prototyped on college campuses in the 1990ʼs"–  University investment in residence hall networks created

massive demand for home internet as students went home"•  Providers need users like the R&E community to prove

the models and build the early applications that create demand in the pre-commercial stage"

Laboratory for Innovation

17  –  1/23/12,  ©  2011  Internet2  

1.5 Mb – 100 Mb 100 Mb – 10 Gb 10 Gb – 1Tb Gb

Basis  of  the  whole  internet    economy  is  created    in  R&E  Community  

so8ware  defined  

networking  

innova=on  accelerates  R&E  out  in  front  

innova=on  slows  R&E  leadership  fades  

innova=on  opportunity  where  is  R&E?  

Theme  in  this  era  becomes:  Aggrega=on  Cost  Savings  Efficiency  

Compe==on  

VoIP  

Ethernet  Introduced  in  

R&E  

Video  

Browser  &  WWW  

chat  

uncompressed  video   ?  

?  

?  

?  

An observation about our past and an observation about the future:

SEARCH  Large  Data  Exchange  

We can’t predict the future, but we can set conditions for innovation going forward:  •  PlenIful  Bandwidth  

–  Bandwidth  “to  the  pillow”  that  greatly  exceeds  the  current  norm  

•  New  Network  Applica=on  Development  Paradigms  –  Ability  to  drive  networks  to  create  new  and  innovaIve  applicaIons  

support  

CondiIons  for  Network  InnovaIon  

18  –  1/23/12,  ©  2009  Internet2  

•  Demand follows application availability (which needs large scale operating environments to enable adoption)"–  Commercial approaches tend to limit bandwidth use,

innovation platforms need to encourage utilization"•  Real applications tend to evolve from ubiquitous

deployment in real communities, which campuses have traditionally enabled. "–  small demo pilots don’t provide adequate scale and real-world

conditions for applications to take off"•  We need to create a platform for future innovation that

outstrips current capabilities and enables new thinking.""

Conditions for Innovation: Plentiful Bandwidth

•  Content addressable networks"–  Today: Google / DNS / IP address maps to a server, not to

content"–  Tomorrow: Address leads to content, not to server"

•  Flexible networks "–  Today: Network topologies are largely fixed and predetermined"–  Tomorrow: Virtual network topologies that evolve in response

to application needs"•  Modularized networks"

–  Today: Bundle data plane and control plane into expensive routers supporting legacy protocols"

–  Tomorrow: Decouple data plane from control plane, reducing costs and accelerating the cycle of innovation"

"

Conditions for Innovation: New Network Application Development Paradigms

•  Ongoing investments in R&E networks have:"–  Put the Internet2 community “way out in front” of the commercial markets"–  Created new playing fields "–  Enables innovations "–  Transformed global economy to an information-based economy."

•  Campus and national labs:"–  Offered personal ethernet while carriers offered dial up"–  Served as test beds for ubiquitous information technologies in use today"

•  Internet2ʼs core mission"–  Facilitate that innovation platform "–  Keep our campuses “way out in front” of commodity offerings."

•  The community is demanding that Interent2 be a forward leaning organization that coalesces community leaders in R&E to get “way out in front” again."

•  The Internet2 community can create an environment for innovation."

Summary

The Internet2 Community Going Forward:

A Platform for Innovation

•  To reopen opportunity, world needs R&E to once again create a new playing field that is “way out in front”."

•  Strategy 1: Invest in dramatically increasing capacity"–  Raw capacity on optical networks is a key enabler"–  Must deliver high speed flows at fraction of current cost"–  Once again create massive capacity for innovation that breaks

from commoditized business models"•  Strategy 2: Open the network software stack itself to

programmability to allow applications innovation"–  Adopt “Software Defined Networking” and push aggressively

with broad deployments"–  Create open national operating environments that welcome

disruptive technology at scale"

Creating an Environment for Innovation

•  New applications will dwarf current state-of-the-art networks and need new capacity for innovation.

•  New areas like systems biology with benefits for global health have enormous network capacity requirements to begin to make public impact "–  Imagine going to a doctor with an ailment if that doctor had the capacity to

sequence your genome or analyze a virus against your genome in real time…"

–  The sequencing technology is approachable; but the network capacity is not yet."

–  Need to quickly exchange terabyte datasets (working on real data examples) for diagnostic and remediation purposes"

•  Move aggressively to make the capacity of the new network available at our leading research universities"

•  Create incentives for that capacity to be extended deep in to the campuses for non-commodity uses "

Strategy 1: Exponential Capacity Refactoring

•  Applications Innovation in the network layer has been difficult due to closed nature of todayʼs networks"

•  Todays network cost and software model resembles the mainframe model"

•  New thinking (led by Stanford) to open up network layer to innovation through SDN is underway"

•  Beginning to virtualize hardware to allow innovators to share physical platform with alternative software"

•  New R&E based Software Defined Network platform at wide scale may be the next innovation platform"

Strategy 2: Software Defined Networking

Build  an  Ecosystem  Built  on  Partnerships  

26  –  1/23/12,  ©  2011  Internet2  

Network Providers!&!

Industry Partners!

•  Leading  Campuses  quickly  posiIoned  for  SDN  applicaIon  innovaIon  and  data  intensive  science  delivery  

•  Start  with  SDN  updates  in  major  science  buildings  

•  Support  pervasive  100G  •  Support  Science-­‐DMZ  •  Support  pervasive  SDN  

InnovaIon  Investment  on  the  Campus  

27  –  1/23/12,  ©  2012  Internet2  

Engineering, Biology, Computer Science Buildings

Building Network Replacements to support SDN

Traditional Campus Network SDN Science DMZ 100G Border Internet2

100G/SDN

100G/SDN

Commodity Internet 10G’s

Internet2 SDN strategy: •  Create a national platform for innovation known as the Network

Development and Deployment Initiative (NDDI)"–  Partners include Indiana University and Stanford University"–  First phase underway and well received"

•  Expanded collaboration with NSF/GENI "–  NSF / GENI are creating the regional & campus early adopter community"–  Support migration of GENI innovations on to NDDI for the future"

•  Support program to make NDDI the primary innovation platform"–  Development of middleware for an SDN “application store” allowing

innovators to offer their “products” to a wide user base for trial"–  Coordination with our industry partners to make Internet2 sticky for their

innovations and collaboration."

Internet2  NaIonal  InnovaIon  Plaaorm  

29  –  1/23/12,  ©  2012  Internet2  

•  Expand  on  NDDI    (first  producIon  SDN  WAN  network)    

•  Primarily  100  G  Backbone  •  Support  SDN  throughout    •  Up  to  40  IniIal  Nodes  •  Virtualized  /  Sliceable  •  Globally  Interconnected  •  Support  for  broad  scale  

applica=on  development    

•  This is an Internet2 community platform for innovation •  What are the roles each of us much play?

–  CIO and CRO? –  IT Organization?"

•  How do we as a community encourage innovation?"

Community Involvement

NEXT  GENERATION  INNOVATION  PLATFORM  FOR  RESEARCH  AND  ECONOMIC  DEVELOPMENT  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES  Winter  Joint  Techs  January  23rd,  2012  

For  more  informaIon,  visit  hip://www.internet2.edu/nddi              

31  –  1/23/12,  ©  2011  Internet2