Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

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Régis Laurent Director of Operations, Global Knowledge Competencies include: Gold Learning Silver System Management Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive Jeff Woolsey (#wsv_guy) Windows Server & Cloud

Transcript of Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Page 1: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Régis

LaurentDirector of Operations,

Global Knowledge

Competencies include:

Gold Learning

Silver System Management

Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Jeff Woolsey (#wsv_guy)

Windows Server & Cloud

Page 2: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012

Scale Performance and DensityMission Critical, Scale Up Workloads

StorageInvestments in File & Block

More Secure Multi-Tenancy

Flexible InfrastructureContinuous Availability

VM Mobility

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Page 4: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Windows Server 2008 R2 Editions…

Windows Server 2008 R2

Standard

Windows Server 2008 R2

Enterprise

Windows Server 2008 R2

Datacenter

Maximum Processors Up to 4 Up to 8 Up to 64

Maximum Memory Up to 32 GB Up to 2 TB Up to 2 TB

Failover Clustering and Multi-

Path IO

No Yes Yes

Virtualized Server Guest OS

Instances

1 4 Unlimited

Licensed Per Server Per Server Per Processor

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Windows Server 2012: Simplicity

Windows Server 2012 Standard and Datacenter Editions share the same capabilities

ScaleUp to 64 physical processors, up to 4 TB physical memory

Up to 64 virtual processors per VM, up to 1 TB memory per VM

RolesActive Directory, File Server, Hyper-V, IIS, Remote Access, all there…

FeaturesBranchCache, BitLocker, Failover Clustering, MPIO, all there…

The only difference is virtualization licensingStandard: Two instances of Windows Server

Datacenter: Unlimited instances of Windows Server

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Windows Server 2012 Editions…

Windows Server 2012 Standard Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Maximum Processors Up to 64 Up to 64

Maximum Memory Up to 4 TB Up to 4 TB

Failover Clustering and Multi-Path IO Yes Yes

Windows Server Guest OS Instances 2 Unlimited

Licensed Per Processor Per Processor

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Mission Critical Workloads

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Scaling up: Physical NUMA

NUMA (Non-uniform memory access)Helps hosts scale up the number of

cores and memory access

Partitions cores and memory into “nodes”

Allocation and latency depends on the memory location relative to a processor

High performance applications detect NUMA and minimize cross-node memory access

Host NUMA

Memory

Processors

NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2

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Scaling up: Physical NUMA

This is optimal…Memory allocation and

thread allocations within the same NUMA node

Memory populated in each NUMA node

Host NUMA

Memory

Processors

NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2

Memory

Processors

NUMA node 3 NUMA node 4

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Scaling up: Physical NUMA

This isn’t optimal…System is imbalanced

Memory allocation and thread allocations across different NUMA nodes

Multiple node hops

Node 2: odd number of DIMMS

Node 3: insufficient memory

Node 4: no local memory (worst case)

Memory

Processors

NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2

Memory

Processors

NUMA node 3 NUMA node 4

Host NUMA

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Scaling Up: Guest NUMA

Guest NUMAPresenting NUMA topology within VM

Guest operating systems & apps can make intelligent NUMA decisions about thread and memory allocation

Guest NUMA nodes are aligned with host resources

Policy driven per host –best effort, or force alignment

vNUMAnode A vNUMAnode B vNUMAnode A vNUMAnode B

NUMA node 1 NUMA node 2 NUMA node 3 NUMA node 4

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Hyper-V Scale Comparison

Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2012

HW Logical Processor

Support

16 LPs 64 LPs 320 LPs

Physical Memory Support 1 TB 1 TB 4 TB

Virtual Machine Processor

Support

Up to 4 VPs Up to 4 VPs Up to 64 VPs

VM Memory Up to 64 GB Up to 64 GB Up to 1 TB

Live Migration Yes, one at a time Yes, one at a time Yes, with no limits. As many

as hardware will allow.

Live Storage Migration No. Quick Storage

Migration via SCVMM

No. Quick Storage

Migration via SCVMM

Yes, with no limits. As many

as hardware will allow.

Servers in a Cluster 16 16 64

Cluster Scale 16 Nodes up to 1000 VMs 16 Nodes up to 1000 VMs 64 Nodes up to 8000 VMs

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Linear Performance & Scale

ESG Labs Validation: Windows Server 2012 with SQL Server 2012

The sum of the number of transactions processed per second and the average response time

for the 10 transaction types were monitored as virtual CPUs were added from 4-64. The

OLTP workload and concurrent user counts remained constant. The number of brokerage

transactions per second scaled linearly up to 64 virtual processors.

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Customer input on Storage

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Windows Server 2008

R2

Windows Server 2012

250,000 IOPs 1,000,000+ IOPs

Hyper-V: Over 1 Millions IOPs from a Single VM

Industry Leading IO

Performance

• VM storage performance on par

with native

• Performance scales linearly with

increase in virtual processors

• Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V

can virtualize over 99% of the

world’s SQL Server.

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VHD Stack

Without Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)

Traditional data copy modelServer issues read request to SAN

Data is read into memory

Data is written from memory to SAN

ProblemsIncreased CPU & memory utilization

Increased storage traffic

Inefficient for SAN

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VHD Stack

Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)

Offload-enabled data copy modelServer issues offload read request to

SAN

SAN returns token representing request

Server issues write request to san using token

SAN completes data copy internally

SAN confirms data was copied

Reduce maintenance timeMerge, mirror, VHD/VHDX creation

Increased workload performanceVMs are fully ODX-aware and enabled

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Hyper-V ODX Support

Secure Offloaded data transfer

Fixed VHD/VHDX Creation

Dynamic VHD/VHDX Expansion

VHD/VHDX Merge

Live Storage Migration

Just one example…

0

50

100

150

200

Average

Desktop

ODX

Creation of a 10 GB

Fixed Disk

Time

(seconds)<1 Second!

~3 Minutes

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Virtual Fibre Channel

Extends Fibre Channel into VMsHigh-performance workloads

Guest clustering

Exposes SAN functionality

Uses NPIV functionality

SupportGuest: Windows Server 2008

Host: Windows Server 2012Updated NPIV HBA driver

Live migration just works

WWN

NPIV HBA

WWN

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Virtual Fibre Channel and Live Migration

Shared Storage

WWPN A: C0:03:FF:78:22:A0:00:14

WWPN B: C0:03:FF:78:22:A0:00:15

WWPN A: C0:03:FF:78:22:A0:00:14

WWPN B: C0:03:FF:78:22:A0:00:15

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Fibre Channel

Tips:Requires Windows Server 2008 and later for the guest OS

Verify latest drivers & firmware for FC adapter

Verify NPIV is enabled on the FC adapter

Verify NPIV is enabled on the FC switch port

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Hyper-V Storage No Limits & Dynamic

Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2012

Live Storage Migration No. Quick Storage

Migration via SCVMM

No. Quick Storage

Migration via SCVMM

Yes, with no limits. As many

as hardware will allow.

VMs on File Storage No No Yes, SMB 3.0

Guest Fiber Channel No No Yes

Virtual Disk Format VHD up to 2 TB VHD up to 2 TB VHD up to 2 TB

VHDX up to 64 TB

VM Guest Clustering Yes, via iSCSI Yes, via iSCSI Yes, via iSCSI or FC

Native 4k Disk Support No No Yes

Live VHD Merge No, offline. No, offline. Yes

Live New Parent No No Yes

Secure Offloaded Data

Transfer (ODX)

No No Yes

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Storage Documentation Publicly Available

SMB 3.0 Protocol:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc246482(v=prot.20).aspx

Offloaded Data Transfer:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/hh848056(v=vs.85).aspx

VHDX Format:http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=34750

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Windows Server 2012 & SDN

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NIC Teaming

Multiple modes: switch dependent and switch

independent

Hashing modes: port and 4-tuple

Active/active and active/standby

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Multi-Tenant Network Requirements

Tenant wants to easily move VMs to/from the cloud

Hoster wants to place VMs anywhere in the data center

Both want: Easy Onboarding, Flexibility & Isolation

Cloud Data Center

Woodgrove Bank

Blue 10.1.0.0/16

Contoso Bank

Red 10.1.0.0/16

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Scale beyond VLANs with Hyper-V network virtualization

How network virtualization works

• Two IP addresses for each virtual

machine

• General Routing Encapsulation (GRE)

• IP address rewrite

• Policy management server

Problems solved

• Removes VLAN constraints

• Eliminates hierarchical IP address

assignment for virtual machines

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Scale beyond VLANs with Hyper-V network virtualization

How GRE works

• Defined by RFC 2784 and RFC 2890

• One customer address per virtual machine

• One provider address per host

• Tenant network ID

• MAC header

Benefits

• Lower burden on switches

• Allow traffic analysis, metering, and

control

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Hyper-V Extensible Switch

Physical NIC

Root Partition

Extensible Switch

Extension Protocol

Extension Miniport

Host NICVM NIC

VM1

VM NIC

VM2 Capture extensions can inspect traffic and

generate new traffic for report purposes

Capture extensions do not modify existing Extensible Switch traffic

Example: sflow by inMon

Windows Filter Platform (WFP) Extensions can inspect, drop, modify, and insert packets using WFP APIs

Windows Antivirus and Firewall software uses WFP for traffic filtering

Example: Virtual Firewall by 5NINE Software

Forwarding extensions direct traffic, defining the destination(s) of each packet

Forwarding extensions can capture and filter traffic

Examples:– Cisco Nexus 1000V and UCS

– NEC ProgrammableFlow's vPFS OpenFlow

Capture Extensions

(NDIS)

Windows Filter

Platform (WFP)

Forwarding ExtensionsForwarding Extensions

(NDIS)

Filtering Engine

BFE Service Firewall

Callout

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Windows Server 2012 Networking: It’s All There

Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2012

NIC Teaming Yes, via partners Yes, via partners Windows NIC Teaming in box.

VLAN Tagging Yes Yes Yes

MAC Spoofing Protection No Yes, with R2 SP1 Yes

ARP Spoofing Protection No Yes, with R2 SP1 Yes

SR-IOV Networking No No Yes

Network QoS No No Yes

Network Metering No No Yes

Network Monitor Modes No No Yes

IPsec Task Offload No No Yes

VM Trunk Mode No No Yes

Page 33: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive
Page 34: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Highly scalable infrastructure for the private cloud

Increased scale out and scale up8x scale over Windows Server 2008 R2Scale out to 64-nodes

Scale up to 8,000 VMs per cluster• Up to 1,024 VMs per node

. . .

Sca

le u

p

Scale out

Robust management tools

..

.

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Resource Placement in your Cloud

Virtual Machine Priority Enhanced Failover Placement

Starting the most important VMs first

Ensure the most important VMs are runningPreemption to shut down low priority VMs to free up resources for higher priority VMs to start

Each VM placed based on node with best available memory resources

Memory requirements evaluated on a per VM basisNon-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) aware

High

Medium

Low

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Node Maintenance ModeSimple single-click operation to drain all roles off a nodeGeneric in-box infrastructure which was previously only available through SCVMM

Simplifies maintenance and patching of cluster nodes

Scriptable with PowerShell Suspend-ClusterNode -Drain

Supports all cluster roles and intelligent to the type of move supportedLeverages live migration for VMsVMs can be configured to use Quick or Live migration based on priority

Configured via VM resource type private property NodeEvacuationMoveTypeThreshold

Traditional move group for workloads like SQL or File Server

Draining a node•Node is paused preventing new groups from moving to that

node

•All groups are issued a move

•VMs are queued up and live migrated off based on priority

Resuming a node•Resume-ClusterNode –Failback invokes

failback policies to return groups to that node

when it is brought out of Maintenance Mode

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Cluster-Aware Updating

Simple automated updating of clusters

Coordinator updates nodes in the clusterCoordinates with Windows Update Agent (WUA)

Updates in a rolling fashion, 1 node at a time

Serially steps through all nodes

Coordinator can be made clustered, for Self-Updating mode

Workflow1. Scan nodes to identify appropriate updates needed

2. Identify node with fewest workloads

3. Nodes drained

4. Call to WUA to patch (which leverages WSUS or Windows Update)

5. Verify successful

6. Repeat Steps 2 – 5 on next node

7. Repeat on remaining nodes

Update

Coordinator

Admin

Initiate

Cluster-Aware

Updating

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So You’re a Building a Cloud…

I have good processes in place, but

what other safeguards can I use to

protect my data?

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HIPAA Breach: Stolen Hard Drives

March 2012: Large Medical Provider in Tennessee paying $1.5 million to the US Dept. Health & Human ServicesTheft of 57 hard drives that contained protected health information (ePHI) for over 1 million individuals

Secured by:Security Patrols

Biometric scanner

Keycard scanner

Magnetic locks

Keyed locks

“71% of health care organizations have suffered at least one data breach within the last year”

-Study by Veriphyr

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Critical Safeguard for the Cloud

BitLocker encrypted cluster disks

Support for traditional failover disks

Support for Cluster Shared Volumes

Cluster Name Object (CNO) identity used

to lock and unlock Clustered volumes

Enables physical security for deployments

outside of secure datacenters

Branch office deployments

Volume level encryption for compliance

requirements

Negligible (<1%) performance impact

Page 41: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive
Page 42: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Customer Thoughts on VM Mobility

Don’t provide new features

that preclude Live

Migration.

I want to be able to securely

move any part of a VM

anywhere at anytime. No

Limits.

No Downtime Servicing

SAN Upgrades/Migrations

When VMs migrate, move

the historical data with the

VM

Fully Leverage hardware to

speed migrations

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Virtual Machine Mobility

Live Migration with High Availability

SMB Live Migration

Live Storage Migration

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Wouldn’t it be great if you could Live Migrate a VM with nothing but an Ethernet

cable?

We think so too…

Introducing: Shared Nothing Live Migration

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Shared Nothing Live Migration

Just a network

No clusters, no SANs

Enables new mobility options

Live Migrate into a cluster

Live Migrate out of a cluster

Live Migrate between clusters

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VM Mobility

Live Migration with High Availability

Live Migrate among servers in a failover cluster

SMB Live Migration

Live Migrate VMs among servers with SMB storage

Live Storage Migration

Live Migrate VM storage from one volume to another without

downtime

Share Nothing (SNO) Live Migration

Live Migrate VMs among servers with nothing, but an Ethernet

connection

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Hyper-V Replica

Disaster Recovery Scenarios:

Planned, Unplanned and Test Failover

Pre-configuration for IP settings for

primary/remote location

Key Features:

RPO/RTO in minutes

Seamless integration with Hyper-V and Clustering

Automatically handles all VM mobility scenarios

(e.g. Live migration)

Supports heterogonous storage between primary

and recovery

Integrates with Volume Shadow Services (VSS)

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Hyper-V Replica: Complements Array Based Replication

Replication

Provider

Cost Management Performance

Hyper-V

Replica

Microsoft • Flexible Storage

Options Available

• Unlimited VM

Replication included

• VM Granularity

• Open APIs

provide

extensibility,

interoperability

and prevent

vendor lock-in

• 5 minutes RPOs

• Application Level

Consistency

• File Level

Consistency

Storage Based

Replication

NetApp, HP, Fujitsu,

IBM, Hitachi, FalconStor,

3Par, EMC, LSI,

Compellent, EqualLogic

and more…

• High end replicating

storage

• Additional

replication software

• LUN-VM Layout

• Coordination

with storage

team

• Synchronous

Replication

• High Data

Volumes

Page 50: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Key Hyper-V Replica Takeaways

Easy to SetupVia wizard

Or, via PowerShell

Works with your current hardware

All you need is two connected servers running

Windows Server 2012

Transparent to Guest

Page 51: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive
Page 52: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Microsoft Committed to Interoperability

July 2009Microsoft contributes Linux drivers under GPL v2

March 2012“Microsoft appeared in the top-20 contributors for a kernel release”

Q2 2012Hyper-V Drivers in mainline Linux KernelStorage, Networking, VMBus, Input, Utilities, etc

SUSE, CentOS, RedHat, Ubuntu and others include Hyper-V drivers in the distro

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Linux on Hyper-V

Linux workloads can be consolidated into VMs running on

to a Microsoft hypervisor at no cost

Hyper-V hosted Linux VMs can leverage high-end

enterprise features:High Availability

Live Migration, Shared Nothing Live Migration

VM Replication with Hyper-V Replica

Linux VMs can be managed centrally from System Center

VM scale improvements (CPU, memory, disk, etc.)

Page 54: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Microsoft LIS Distribution Approach

Microsoftdevelopers

Linux kernel main

Linux community

LIS for Hyper-V

Distro vendors

Linux distro w/LISCustomer

servers w/Hyper-V

MSdownloadcenter

Customer installs LIS

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Complete List of Supported Guests

WindowsXP SP3, Server 2003 SP2 and later…

Linux GuestsRHELCentOSSUSEOpenSUSEUbuntu

Link:http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831531.aspx

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Microsoft Workloads Run Best on Hyper-V

The most tested platformOn an average day, the Server division (alone) creates then tests over 25,000

virtual machines

Common Engineering Criteria (CEC)Per CEC, Microsoft workloads test, validate and provide guidance for running

atop Hyper-V

Integration and Partnership in Windows Server 2012Active Directory/Hyper-V delivering the first supported and safe way to

deploy cloned DCs in VMs

BitLocker/Hyper-V/Cluster delivering encrypted Shared Storage

Page 58: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Microsoft Workloads Run Best on Hyper-V

Exchange recommends Hyper-V for virtualization

SQL Server recommends Hyper-V for virtualization

Dynamics recommends Hyper-V for virtualization

SharePoint recommends Hyper-V for virtualization

Windows Azure uses Hyper-V

The best supported platform for Microsoft workloadsMicrosoft can best determine how to troubleshoot a Microsoft workload

running on a Microsoft OS in a VM on Hyper-V.

Page 59: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Windows Server 2012 for Cloud

Most Feature Rich, All Server Editions include:

1. Hyper-V Extensible Virtual Switch

2. Hyper-V Replica

3. Live Storage Migration

4. QoS

5. Shared Nothing Live Migration

6. SR-IOV (with Live Migration)

More…

7. Storage Virtualization

8. Hyper-V Offloaded Data Transfer

9. GPU Accelerated VM Video

10. ….And…

Network Virtualization

Page 60: Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V Deep Dive

Detailed VMware vs. Hyper-V Analysis?

Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V over VMware vSphere 5.1 here:http://t.co/R25yZMOX

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© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational

purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentations. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft,

and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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