Windows monitoring Unit objectives: Monitor the operating system Monitor system performance Backup...
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Windows monitoring
Unit objectives: Monitor the operating system Monitor system performance Backup and restore operating system
files and data
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Topic A
Topic A: System monitoring Topic B: System performance Topic C: Backup and restore
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Windows Diagnostics
Start, All Programs (or Programs), Accessories, System Tools menu
msinfo32 Collects and displays information about
configuration of specified computer System Information window
– Hardware Resources– Components– Software Environment– Internet Settings (not in Windows 7 or Vista)
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System Information window
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Remote computer information
1. Choose View, Remote Computer
2. Enter the name of the computer – Remote computer — WMI installed– Need appropriate privileges on remote
computer
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Activity A-1
Running Windows Diagnostics
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Command-line system information
path\msinfo32 Full path required for command-line
functionality Windows 7 and Vista parameters and
switches– /nfo Path – /report Path – /computer ComputerName
continued
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Command-line information, continued
Windows XP/2000 parameters and switches– /pch – /report:filename.ext – /computer:computername – /category:categoryname – /categories:categorylist – /showcategories– /?
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Activity A-2
Running msinfo32 from a command line
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DirectX Diagnostic
dxdiag.exe Windows Vista — View status of
DirectX installation Windows XP/2000 — Test and
troubleshoot video- or sound-related hardware problems
Check for drivers’ digital signatures
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DirectX Diagnostic Tool
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DirectX Diagnostic pages
System DirectX Files — Windows XP/2000 Display Sound Music — Windows XP/2000 Input Network — Windows XP/2000 More Help — Windows XP/2000
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Activity A-3
Running the DirectX Diagnostic tool
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Task Manager
Provides information on applications, processes, and services running on computer
Tabs– Applications– Processes– Performance– Networking — Windows 7/Vista/XP– Users — Windows 7/Vista/XP– Services — Windows 7/Vista
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Windows Task Manager
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The Applications tab
End a running application – GPFs have occurred and applications
don’t respond to keyboard or mouse input
Switch to another application– The app is running in the background or
doesn’t have a taskbar button displayed
Start a new instance of an application– Explorer.exe process has stopped and
you have lost your Start menu, taskbar, and desktop items
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Activity A-4
Monitoring applications
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The Processes tab
Use to determine if a running process is overwhelming the processor and slowing down the system
If a process has a high percentage of CPU usage that doesn’t return to normal, you might have to end the process
Also use to end an application that won’t end when you try to do so on the Applications tab
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Activity A-5
Ending a process
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The Services tab
Linked to the Processes tab Highlights a service’s associated
process Shows processes from all users Also works in reverse: shows services
associated with a process
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Activity A-6
Monitoring services
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The Networking tab
Use to view computer’s network bandwidth
Displays a combination of the network traffic for all NICs
Can compare traffic on each NIC
Can customize data columns displayed
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Activity A-7
Monitoring network utilization
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The Users tab
Use to:– Monitor users logged on to the computer – Disconnect users– Send users messages
Data columns:– User – ID– Status– Client Name– Session
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Activity A-8
Monitoring users
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Computer Management
Monitor system events Create and manage shared resources Determine which users are connected
to monitored system Start and stop services Set properties for storage devices View device configurations Add or change device drivers Manage applications and services
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Event Viewer
Use to monitor events Determine cause of problems with
– Application– Component of operating system– Suspected security breach
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Event Viewer
Scope pane Actions pane
Console tree
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Event Viewer categories
Application Security System Setup (Windows 7/Vista) Forwarded Events (Windows 7/Vista)
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Event information
Level (7/Vista); Type (XP/2000) Date Time Source Task Category (7/Vista); Category
(XP/2000) Event ID (7/Vista); Event (XP/2000) User Computer
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Event types
Error Warning Information Success Audit (Security Log only) Failure Audit (Security Log only)
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Event Properties
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Activity A-9
Viewing the event logs
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Sorting events
Default — Events are listed from the newest to the oldest, by date and time
Can change the sort order – Click any column heading – One click = ascending order– Second click = descending order
To return to default view, choose View, Newest First
continued
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Sorting events, continued
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Grouping events
Group events by column heading Choose View, Group By, and choose
a column heading To return to default view, choose
View, Remove grouping of events
continued
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Grouping events, continued
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Filtering events
Filtering displays only certain events Filter criteria:
– Logged– Level (in Windows 7/Vista)– Event sources or Source– Event ID– Task category– Keywords– User– Computer
continued
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Filtering events, continued
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Managing event logs
Default size Events overwritten Clear events Save events
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Activity A-10
Controlling the display of an event log
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Topic B
Topic A: System monitoring Topic B: System performance Topic C: Backup and restore
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Reliability Monitor
Track events that affect stability– Software installs and uninstalls– Application failures– Hardware failures– Windows failures– Miscellaneous failures
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Reliability Monitor in Vista
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Two features to track system health
System Stability Chart System Stability Report
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Activity B-1
Determining a system’s Stability Index
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Resource Overview
CPU Hard disk Network Memory (RAM)
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Resource Overview
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Detailed view of CPU resource
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Activity B-2
Viewing real-time performance data in Resource Overview
(optional Instructor demonstration on Windows Vista)
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Performance Monitor
Known as System Monitor in XP Monitor computer performance
– Real time– One-second intervals
Save reports of data Hundreds of counters available
– Create a baseline to compare system performance over time
– Monitor system resource use– Locate performance problems– Identify performance bottlenecks
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Performance Monitor real-time graph
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Performance objects Battery Status Cache Memory Network Interface Objects Paging File PhysicalDisk Process Processor System Thread
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Bottlenecks
Processor: % Processor Time – Monitors how hard your processor is
working Process: Thread Count
– Identifies memory leaks in applications Memory: Pages/sec
– Points to page faults that cause system delays
PhysicalDisk: Disk Transfers/sec – Identifies poor disk-response time
Network Interface – Monitors network traffic
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Adding counters
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Real-time monitoring
1. Select local or remote computer
2. Expand appropriate performance object
3. Select desired counter
4. Select appropriate instance of the counter
5. Click Add
6. When finished adding counters, click OK
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Activity B-3
Monitoring performance withPerformance Monitor
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Performance Monitor configuration
Button Use to
Open saved log files and display them
Change graph display type
Add and delete counters
Highlight counter on graph
Display Properties
Pause and restart display
Update data
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Performance Monitor tabs
General Source Data Graph Appearance
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Activity B-4
Customizing Performance Monitor
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Performance Logs and Alerts
Collect data View data Configure logs Set up alerts Options
– Counter Logs– Trace Logs– Alerts
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Configuring Alerts
Log an entry in the application event log
Send a network message to Start performance data log Run this program Command Line Arguments
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Topic C
Topic A: System monitoring Topic B: System performance Topic C: Backup and restore
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Backups Create automatic backups of your personal files Restore files that you previously backed up Create a Complete PC Backup Archive selected files and folders Restore the archived files and folders Make a copy of your computer’s system state,
which includes:– Registry– Boot files– COM+ class registration database– IIS metadirectory– Windows File Protection system files
Copy your computer’s system partition, the boot partition, and the files needed to start up the system
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Backup modes
Wizard mode — Walks you step-by-step through the process
Advanced mode — Provides complete control over file and folder selection
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Scheduling automatic backups
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Backup types in Windows XP
Copy Daily Differential Incremental Normal
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Backup strategy
Grandfather-Father-Son basic strategy– Back up Son– Back up Father– Back up Grandfather
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Activity C-1
Scheduling a backup
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Restoring files
Files can be restored to original or alternate locations
Restore all of the files and folders that were backed up or restore selected files from the backup
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Activity C-2
Restoring files from backup
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System Restore
Available in Windows XP and Windows Vista, and Windows 7
Creates snapshots of the system configuration– System checkpoints– Manual restore points– Installation restore points
Used to restore computer to a previous configuration
Create a restore point before troubleshooting
Does not affect user data files
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System Protection tab
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Activity C-3
Creating a restore point
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Restoring a system
Try Driver Rollback first If that doesn’t work, use System
Restore All Programs, Accessories, System
Tools, System Restore Can choose desired restore point Computer will reboot
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Additional restore points
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Affected programs and files
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Activity C-4
Restoring a computer to a previous state
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Unit summary
Monitored the operating system Monitored system performance Backed up and restored operating
system files and data