Wind Project Development - Idaminfra€¦ · Wind Power Development-India Maximum annual capacity...
Transcript of Wind Project Development - Idaminfra€¦ · Wind Power Development-India Maximum annual capacity...
Wind Project Development
1
Wind Power Development-India
Maximum annual capacity addition was ~ 3 GW in year 2011
Wind Vision target of 200 GW by 2030 requires average capacity addition of ~ 12-15 GW/annum
In order to scale up capacity addition, alternate business model need to be think off
2
Current Wind Project Development Model
3
Site
Identification
Wind Resource
Assessment
Land
Acquisition
Site
Development
Infrastructure-
Power
Evacuation,
Roads, etc
Permissions/
Clearances
Existing model is manufactured driven model, usually takes 48-60 months for Commissioning
Major Issues in Wind Project Development
• Wind Resource Assessment (WRA)
• Identification of Suitable Sites
• Land Acquisition
• Clearances
• Infrastructure
• Road
• Power Evacuation
4
5
Few options are recommended in the next slide
Safety of Equipments used for Wind
Calibrations - Their theft produce long
gaps in data records
Continuously updating wind resource maps and databases (every two years) for the country – to plan for new capacities
Lack of reliable long-term
wind data- Uncertainty in Wind
Energy Resource
Develop a meso-scale wind atlas based on satellite data, weather model reanalysis data, and existing meteorology models
Wind Resource Assessment
Pre-development work on promising sites with good wind resources, grid access and good accessibility
Govt. does little or no pre-development work for potential
wind sites
Existing Wind Resource Assessment Methodology
6
Wind Resource Assessment
Wind Resource Assessment Identification of
Wind Rich Sites
Installation of Onsite Mast &
Wind Data Monitoring
System
Wind Data Analysis
Micro-Siting & Production
estimate
Load Analysis
Tools Software
Multi level wind masts, Sensors & data logging systems, Workstations, GPS,
camera, GSM connectivity, SODAR, etc
Windographer, WindPRO, ReSoft, WindFarm,WindSim, MATLAB, Arcview
GIS, etc.
Recommendation: Alternate Options
7
Alternative 1
Promoting Private Sector Investments
-GOI could provide part of the costs of installing masts
-GOI/CWET/SNAs to coordinate and invite private sector to generate investment grade resource data for the potential wind-rich sites
-Development rights need not rest with the selected private sector entity
-Data to be shared back with SNA to be put in public domain
-Data could be used by private entity to participate in project allocation processes or any other business model
Resource validation by SNA Wind Resource Atlas Preliminary zone identification
Alternative 2
WRA as an exclusive Activity
-GOI assists SNAs to select contractors based on quoted fee; fully payable by the central/state govt
-The measured data must be submitted to the contracting agency within agreed timeframe per the pre-determined criteria
-CWET/SNA shall be responsible for assessing the quality of the data submitted.
-The contractor could earn revenue through sale of the recorded data or any derived products
GOI could design/propose project allocation framework to states who can then implement these frameworks towards optimal utilization of natural resources – Land & Wind
Govt. must scale up its ability to achieve wind vision target
8
Site can be optimally utilized for both the technologies, if feasible
Preference issue between Wind Vs Solar
Projects in case common site identified
-R&R policy to take care of the alternate employment/source of living for displaced population -Some % Share of the project for displaced population
Co-ordination with the local authority and
local population is a challenge
-Time bound development of site -Cancellation of the permissions/project or BG forfeiting (as in case of Solar)
Developers who have acquired the site but
not yet developed the project
WRA already done for sites would aid site identification/selection easier for developers
Identification of wind rich sites
Identification of Suitable Sites
Land Acquisition : Facts
Land requirement for developing 200 GW would be about
40,000 sq kms (Based on 5MW/sq kms)
Out of this land requirement, only 3% is the actual
footprint of the wind farm (primarily for towers and roads)
Hence the actual land footprint of developing 200 GW of
wind power would be about 1,200 sq kms (~ size of Delhi)
9
Government should take responsibility for acquisition of
land for all Government Identified Mega Wind Projects
10
Land Acquisition
Landowners within wind farm perimeter receive compensation for land & access to roads
Private land use: Landowner resistance to
the project
Approx 2% of the total project cost to be kept separately for these kind of issues
Appropriate monetary compensation for land
Land registration program may be needed to determine property rights in the area of the site
Private land use: Poorly defined property rights or indigenous people's rights
Significant automation is required for faster land conversion
Land Conversion Issues: Long driven process &
time consuming
Central Govt. may propose guidelines to states and share best practices through which this can be avoided
Resistance to project by local population-
Lack of information or participation
States Land Acquisition Issues State Issues
Maharashtra
District Industries Center permission , DIC required
Difficulty in getting forest clearance in the buffer area at Tiger reserves
As per MEDA, only sparse forest land can be diverted for Wind Power Development
Madhya Pradesh Land allocation based on RFQ only twice a year- Issue for wind developers for data collection and finalization of site
Andhra Pradesh
To acquire land in a village for project, Grama Sabha must approve it first. In that Sabha, 70% will have to accept the proposal & 25% of the affected people must attend the Sabha
Govt. land to harness up to maximum of 200 MW/developer
No time limit on private wind monitoring due to which few developers are holding potential land for long time
Karnataka Procedure for conversion of agricultural land into industrial land is extremely time consuming
Gujarat
Allotment of GEDA land for WTGs is a long drawn process- Approval from Coordination Committee required
Direct purchase of land for setting up a wind project is not allowed
Identification & purchase of land for compensatory aforestation is costly 11
Consent for Establishment and Consent to Operate from State Pollution Control Board
Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests
NOC by SNA & transmission company
Statutory clearances from municipal corporations, telecom, defence, etc.
Clearance from Ministry of Civil Aviation
Additional approvals that may be required include transportation dept, construction
permits, Grid connection, etc.
12
Clearances: Required for Wind Project
13
Facilitation in offering pre-developed sites to develop programmatic approach in order to achieve 20 GW
Delay in getting NOCs
• Single window clearance/maximum clearances under one roof - SNAs /SDAs may be chosen for streamlining the process
• Significant automation is required for faster clearances
Time consuming process- Multiple agencies involved
Clearances
State Clearances Issues
14
State Issues
Karnataka
Difficulty in getting forest land clearances on Western Ghats retarding the growth
Forest: About the location visa-versa the Wild Life Sanctuaries, National Parks, Eco-sensitive Zones etc
Irrigation: Proposed Projects does not infringe with the drinking and irrigation rights of the local Inhabitants
Revenue: Regarding approval under the Karnataka Land Reforms Act
Consent from the Gram Panchayat etc
Madhya Pradesh
Time consuming process for various clearances log required for the project
Infrastructure
15
Power Evacuation Infrastructure
Poor Transport Infrastructure
Issues Recommendations
Inadequate grid capacity to transmit power
STUs to make RE capacity addition as integral part of their Future Plans
Developer have to construct his own dedicated transmission/distribution lines from point of generation to consumption point at his own cost
Substations to be planned close to proposed RE Plants
Issues Recommendations
Constraint in transportation and installation of large turbines to wind farms located in difficult terrain (hilly areas) Any wind farm above 100 MW, SNA to
co-ordinate with PWD to strengthen roads Developers have to carry out repairs /
strengthening /reinforcement works of structurally weak roads on way to project site
16
Proposed Wind Project Development Model
• Provision of ‘Single Window Clearance’ to be developed by SNAs
• Iron out the issues in current Wind Project Development model to increase its efficiency
• The total commissioning time to be reduced to 36-38 months with de-risked development
• Significant investment required from Govt. to achieve ~12 to 15 GW/annum
• “Solar Park” concept need to be introduced in Wind Sector
• Govt. should take up GW scale wind park development till clearance stage for multiple developers with well defined selection criteria
• Separate ‘National Wind Development Corporation’ may be formed (like SECI) to develop wind UMPPs
• Involvement of private investors for WRA as a separate activity
Govt. Identified Mega Projects
Self Identified Projects
Government identified Mega Wind Projects
17
Identify the most suitable sites/zones for wind development
- Based on pre-defined criteria
Develop infrastructure in collaboration with all stakeholders
- Land procurement, access roads transmission layout, water linkages etc.
Invite participation of developers/investors to implement projects within the identified sites
Different power procurement modes could be used as basis to select developers/offer sites
MNRE Draft Wind Policy, Feb 2015
Wind Resource Assessment through:
◦ NIWE – in collaboration with SNAs may invite private sector firms to set
up resource monitoring stations at pre-identified sites, on temporary right
to use basis, and based on a cost sharing mechanism
◦ SNAs – considering WRA as an exclusive EPC activity, NIWE to assist
SNAs in inviting bids from relevant contractors and shortlist them on the
basis of minimum quoted fee. MNRE may provide funds through NCEF for
setting up masts and measure data for 12-24 months based on pre-specified
equipment and operational criteria laid out by NIWE. The measured data
must be submitted to the contracting agency within agreed timeframe.
NIWE/SNA may be responsible for assessing the quality of the data
submitted.
◦ Private Agencies - Any interested entity can identify suitable land and get
necessary clearances/right to use etc. from State Government. However,
project approval may have a definite time frame within which, the project
should be set up by the private party. 18
MNRE Draft Wind Policy, Feb 2015
Guidelines on Land Policies: State Government Agencies may work towards streamlining the procedure for faster allocation of land for wind power projects. Following guidelines may be adopted by State Government to achieve the specified objective:
◦ State Governments may work on a uniform policy for allocation of revenue land for wind power projects.
◦ Automatic Non-Alienation (NA) conversion may be considered for wind power projects.
◦ Simple and faster Right of Way (RoW) procedure for transmission lines.
◦ Simplification of procedures to fast track the lease of forest lands in consultation with MoEF.
◦ Acceptance of non-contiguous land for compensatory afforestation may be considered.
◦ Development of wind parks to facilitate wind power development through allotment of land on easier terms in the wind potential areas.
19
MNRE Draft Wind Policy, Feb 2015
Setting up of Wind Energy Parks:
◦ Capacity of 500-1000 MW
◦ Connected to Inter-State Transmission System
◦ Wind farms could be commissioned under appropriate power allocation/procurement mechanisms.
◦ Selection may be on the basis of pre-identified criteria
Wind Power Density Quality
Land terrain availability
Proximity to existing and planned grid infrastructure and highways
◦ Wind Parks may have following attributes:
Faster clearances
Land lease at discounted price from market value
Transmission infrastructure to support the proposed capacity
Access roads connecting the site with highways or ports
A minimum onsite construction facility
Provision for setting up of Wind–Solar Hybrid Parks for harnessing solar energy having exploitable potential at the site. MNRE to issue separate guidelines for composition of wind solar components and tariff for solar component. 20
Points for Discussion
Need to change the way wind business is done in India
Require significant government involvement in Wind
Resource Assessment and Land Identification
Creation of national level organization for development of
wind projects in association with State agencies
Single window clearance through SNAs
Development of wind land bank - An online repository of the
available land in states with all necessary information
It may include land use, infrastructure available, location,
market access, wind resource assessment, etc.
RE integration to be made integral part of STU perspective
planning process
21
Thank You
22