One Hundred Proofs That the Earth is Not a Globe (William Carpenter)
William C. Carpenter
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Transcript of William C. Carpenter
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From Pearl Harbor to Abu Ghraib: The Evolution of Classified National Security Information and
Declassification Policy and PracticeSociety of American Archivists, Chicago
Session 602: August 27, 2011
William C. CarpenterProgram Analyst, Information Security Oversight Office, National Archives and Records Administration
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Timeline, 1917-2009
1917: Espionage Act 1940: E.O. 8381 (Roosevelt) 1946: Atomic Energy Act 1961: E.O. 10964 (Kennedy) 1972: E.O. 11652 (Nixon) 1995: E.O. 12958 (Clinton) 2009: E.O. 13526 (Obama)
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Pearl Harbor “Magic” Volumes, 1977
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VENONA Documents: 1944
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Secret Writing Documents: WWI
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Exemption Categories
1. Intelligence Sources and Methods
2. Weapons of Mass Destruction
3. Cryptology4. Weapons
Technology
5. War Plans6. Foreign Relations7. Protection of the
President8. Emergency
Planning9. Treaty or Statute
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Declassification Milestones At 25 years: all permanent records declassified, unless
specifically exempted under an Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel (ISCAP)-approved exemption
At 50 years: all previously exempted records declassified, except for:• Identity of a human intelligence source• Design of weapons of mass destruction• Other “extraordinary cases,” as approved by the ISCAP
At 75 years: all previously exempted records declassified, except for specific information proposed by an agency head and approved by the ISCAP, with a specified future declassification date
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Taguba Report, 2004
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Sources and Contact Information Sources of sample documents:
• Pearl Harbor: The “Magic” Background of Pearl Harbor, vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977.
• VENONA: http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/venona/index.shtml
• Secret Writing: http://www.flickr.com/photos/usnationalarchives/sets/72157626452036717/
• Taguba Report: http://www.dod.gov/pubs/foi/operation_and_plans/Detainee/taguba/
Contact Information: • [email protected]• Phone: 202-357-5466• www.archives.gov/isoo