William Anderson Gittens - WordPress.com · 2018-08-15 · ISBN 978-976-95731-9-2 Page 2 of 150 The...

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Mia

William Anderson Gittens Author, CEO of Devgro Media Arts Services,

Dip.Com., B.A., Media arts Specialist, Cultural Practitioner, Publisher

Vol.1 ©2018

ISBN 978-976-95731-9-2

The Leader

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The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P. Prime Minister of Barbados has

emphatically stated that “I pray1 to remain humble, for discernment; to be empathetic, to be

tolerant, because those things mean a lot to me and I fundamentally believe in fairness and

giving people opportunity.” “I will always see in a glass and call it half full as opposed to

half empty because I believe that every day afford us the opportunity to becoming better at

who we are.

The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley QC MP Prime Minister of Barbados 25th

May 2018

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1 The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley QC MP Prime Minister of Barbados 25

th May 2018

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On 25th May 2018,

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P. Prime Minister of Barbados name

is now etched in the annals of history

as Barbados’ First Female Prime Minister…

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P. took the Oath of Office as the eighth Prime

Minister of Barbados before the eighth Governor General Dame Sandra Mason,

GCMG, DA, Q.C. at Government House.

William Anderson Gittens Author, Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts Specialist, Publisher Cultural Practitioners,

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The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., Prime Minister

2 Sketched by William Anderson Gittens Author Media Arts Specialist

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3 Sketched by William Anderson Gittens Author Media Arts Specialist

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Mia-The Leader Vol.1 ©2018

ISBN978-976-95731-9-2

WILLIAM ANDERSON GITTENS Author, Dip.Com. B.A., Media arts Specialist, Cultural Practitioner, Publisher

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,

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Edited by William Anderson Gittens Published by Devgro Media Arts Services

Printed by Massy Technologies InfoCom (Barbados) Ltd. Email address devgro@ hotmail.com

Twitter account William Gittens@lisalaron

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Children of Immigrants Vol.1

By William Anderson Gittens Author, CEO, Cultural Practitioner, Media Arts Specialist, Publisher

ISBN 978-976-95731-2-3

of Immigrants©2016

Vol.1 By William Anderson Gittens

Author, CEO, Cultural Practitioner, Media Arts Specialist, Publisher

of Immigrants©2016

Vol.1 By William Anderson Gittens

http://www.linkedin.com/pub/william-gittens/95/575/35b/

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Foreword

The then Candidate and Leader of Barbados Labour Party The Hon. Mia Amor

Mottley Q.C M.P. was asked the pertinent question; are you on this quest for

leadership? Is this why you are in this because you want to be Prime Minister4?

During Carol Roberts’ interview. The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley QC MP responded “I

just find the whole thing curious; David Thompson in 2007 December had a meeting

in Beckles Road.

I will never forget it and he spent the first fifteen minutes of that meeting

making the point that every Opposition Leader who has served any length of time in

Barbados and that had a good prospect to become a leader of government has

been accused of being power hungry or being anxious for power.

So that I want members of the public to contextualize the allegation in the

proper context that this is what almost every other generation has gone through part

of the course.

As for leadership I never seen myself as power hungry, power does not drive

me doing things to make a difference for people and being impatient when things

don’t happen...

And I think that you have worked with me and you know I feel that this is the

task at hand do not put off for tomorrow what we can do today let’s get it done…

4 Roberts Carrol interview 20-5-2018 Facebook live

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inspiring people to want to believe that they can move to a better level and a

higher purpose if that is something that reflects being power hungry then I plead

guilty to that..”

I pray “to remain humble, for discernment to be empathetic, to be tolerant,

because those things mean a lot to me.

If you want to get on the wrong side of me treat people badly. If you want to

get on the wrong side of me be offensive to people in the manner in which you deal

with them.

I fundamentally believe in fairness; I fundamentally believe in giving people

opportunity.”

“I will always see in a glass and call it half full as opposed to half empty

because I believe that every day afford us the opportunity to becoming better at who

we are.

The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., Prime Minister of Barbados

25th May 2018

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Acknowledgements

Honouring our late parents Lee Francis, Edline Francis, Charles Alderson

Gittens and Ira Louise Gittens would have had a great influence on our lives.

Special thanks to the Creator for his guidance and choosing me as a conduit to

express the creative gifts he has given me. Thanks also to my wife Magnola, my

Brothers- Shurland, Charles, Ricardo, Arnott, Stephen, Sisters- Emerald, Marcella,

Cheryl, Cousins-Joy Mayers, Kevin and Ernest Mayers, Donna Archer, Avis Dyer,

Jackie Clarke, Uncles- Clifford, Leonard Mayers, David Bruce.

My children Laron and Lisa Well-wishers-Mr.and Mrs. Andrew Platizky, Mr.

Matthew Sutton, Mr. and Mrs. David Lavine, Dr.Nicholas Gordon, the late Dr.Joseph

Drew, Merline Mayers, Mr. and Mrs. Trevor Millington, Rev.& Mrs. Donavon

Shoemaker, Ms. Geraldine Davis, Rev.Carl and Rev Angie Dixon, Mr.and Mrs.

Collin Rock, Rev.Pauline Harewood, Mr. and Mrs. Stewart Russell, Mr. and Mrs.

Laurie King, Mrs. Shirley Smith, Mr. Ricardo Jordan, Mr. and Mrs. Felton Ince,

Mr.and Mrs. Robert Forde, Mr. and Mrs. David Brathwaite, Mr.and Mrs. Ryan Miller

Mr.and Mrs. Neilo Mascoll.

The aforementioned contributed to my developmental journey.

William Anderson Gittens Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts; Author, Media Arts Specialist, Post Masters Works in Cultural Studies and Publisher

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

FOREWORD…………….. ......................................................................................7

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................9

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………….. .................................................................. 10

ABSTRACT…………….. ..................................................................................... 11

OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................... 12

CHAPTER 1…………….. .................................................................................... 14

CHAPTER 2 ........................................................................................................ 17

CHAPTER 3 …………….. ................................................................................... 33

CHAPTER 4 ........................................................................................................ 37

CHAPTER 5. ....................................................................................................... 40

CHAPTER 6 ........................................................................................................ 44

CHAPTER 7 ........................................................................................................ 49

CHAPTER 8 ........................................................................................................ 57

CHAPTER 9 ........................................................................................................ 60

CHAPTER 10 ...................................................................................................... 65

CHAPTER 11 ...................................................................................................... 70

CHAPTER 12 ...................................................................................................... 72

CHAPTER 13 .................................................................................................... 107

CHAPTER 14 .................................................................................................... 111

CHAPTER 15 ST.MICHAEL NORTH EAST CONSTITUENCY SNAP SHOT .. 117

CHAPTER 16 PERSONAL REFLECTIONS ..................................................... 131

CHAPTER 17 CONCLUSIONS. ........................................................................ 135

ABOUT THE AUTHOR.. .................................................................................... 138

WORKS CITED. ................................................................................................ 145

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ABSTRACT

Through the Lens of an Author and Media Arts Specialist5 it appears that Barbados6’, society7 has been built along matriarchal lines where the female in most cases is the head of the household. In this dispensation, it appears that Barbados is slowly moving from an economic patriarchal society8

especially since 36 women and 98 men9 contested the 2018 election. For the first time, two political parties, namely-Barbados Labour Party10 and United Progressive Party11, were led by women, while Solutions Barbados, Democratic Labour Party and BIM/CUP comprised of three women while two Female Independent Candidates participated in Barbados’ election.

This nuance can be interpreted that the same is surely becoming a matriarchal12 society. A case in point ‘women outnumber men, they make up most of the work force, and they own most of the homes 13 Importantly, women 14 are responsible for shaping the history of Barbados’ society. For example, Barbadian women, are innovative and creative and not by choice but out of necessity and they are able to find effective solutions to continue to build and grow our society. As a consequence the empowerment for women is an economic benefit for the society as a whole. Overall, The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P. Prime Minister’s political decision-making is vital at this time especially in the context of Equality15, as she underscores the advancement of women, as well as the populace’s fair representation and views in Barbados locally, regionally and internationally.

William Anderson Gittens Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts; Author, Media Arts Specialist, Post Masters Works in Cultural Studies and Publisher

5 William Anderson Gittens Author Media Arts Specialist

6 https://barbadostoday.bb/2018/04/27/powering-change-women-in-innovation-and-creativity/

7 World Intellectual Property Office Francis Curry

8 There are 36 women and 98 men contesting the 2018 election. For the first time, two political parties, the BLP and UPP are

being led in an election by women. 9 http://www.caribbeanelections.com/bb/elections/bb_results_2018.asp

10 Barbados Labour Party

11 United Progressive Party

12 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230508163_3

13 Barbados Advocate, 6 March 1996

14 World Intellectual Property Office Francis Curry

15 http://thecommonwealth.org/sites/default/files/inline/P14766_SGO_Public_Sector_Mgment_11WAMM-E-copy.pdf

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OVERVIEW

Through the Lens of an Author and Media Arts Specialist I was motivated to

contextualize a conversation Mia- The Leader Volume 1.

The scope of this text contextualizes this decision/conversation which I was

deliberating from 12th May, 2018 how would the Barbadian populace respond to its

first female Prime Minister.

However, during my deliberation I remembered that in 1963 Rev. Dr. Martin

Luther King Jr., gave that eloquent inspirational speech I Have a Dream 16

In summary Dr. Kings speech explicitly and implicitly states that all people are

created equal.” 17 This statement breaks through all barriers; it knows know

prejudices and since it has cultural relevance I decided to apply the same in this

context to frame this conversation Mia -The Leader Volume 1.

Importantly, though the underpinning of this conversation examines randomly

selected excerpts of a live interview with The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. Prime

Minister conducted by Carol Roberts on Facebook Live May 20 2018. This

conversation was constructed against the backdrop of the theories of Leadership

namely, Clarity, Decisiveness, Courage, Boldness, Passion and Humility as

explained by Mark Shead18 which are exhibited by The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.

M.P.,Prime Minister.

16

http://www.mlkonline.net/quotes.html 17

http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf '1 HAVE A DREAM ..." Copyright 1963, Martin Luther

King Jr.) Speech by the Rev. Martin Luther KING At the "March in Washington" 18

http://www.leadership501.com/five-most-important-leadership-traits/27/

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By the way, the name Mia is pronounced MEE19-ah (Swedish, Norwegian,

Danish, Dutch), MEE-a (German), MEE-ə (English) Scandinavian, Dutch and

German diminutive of MARIA. It coincides with the Italian word mia meaning "mine".

Further, the people of Barbados which are characterized as Barbadians

included The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P., Prime Minister who practices

analysis, criticalness, observation, question, and investigate so that she can make

significant informed decisions and contributions with in her space.” 20

In light of the aforementioned, it appears that The Hon Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.,

M.P., Prime Minister answered the pertinent question what is a Leader. She also

has a quest to succeed in the leadership role as Prime Minister in this economic

patriarchal society which is gradually becoming matriarchal in a post modernity21

space whereby she can impact the human culture, institutions, and politics (Berman

2010, 15–36).

What22 is also stark and very interesting reality in this historic space Barbados’

eighth Prime Minister is sworn in by Barbados’ eighth Governor General; both are

iconic females who attended the same alma mater and both of them are Lawyers.

William Anderson Gittens

Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts; Author, Media Arts Specialist, Post Masters Works in Cultural Studies and Publisher

19

https://www.behindthename.com/name/mia

20 Woodward, Jeannette A. Writing Research Papers: Investigating Resources In

Cyberspace. (Lincolnwood Chicago: NTC Publishing Group, 1997). p.7. 21

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernity 22

William Anderson Gittens Author, Media Arts Specialist

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernity#CITEREFBerman2010


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CHAPTER 1

LEADERSHIP

The pertinent question must be asked what is Leadership? To give

some perspective I have randomly highlighted varying Iconic views on

Leadership.

Leadership According to Lao Tzu, Vince Lombardi, and More

"A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is

done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves." - Lao Tzu

"The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority." -

Ken Blanchard

"Leaders are made, they are not born. They are made by hard effort,

which is the price which all of us must pay to achieve any goal that is

worthwhile." - Vince Lombardi

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"Good leaders make people feel that they're at the very heart of

things, not at the periphery. Everyone feels that he or she makes a

difference to the success of the organization.

When that happens people feel centered and that gives their work

meaning." - Warren G. Bennis

"Great leaders don't set out to be a leader—they set out to make a

difference. It's never about the role; it's always about the goal." - Lisa

Haisha

"You do not lead by hitting people over the head—that's assault, not

leadership." - Dwight D.Eisenhower

"A good leader is not the person who does things right, but the

person who finds the right things to do." -- Anthony T. Dadovano

"Leadership rests not only upon ability, not only upon capacity; and

having the capacity to lead is not enough. The leader must be willing to

use it. His leadership is then based on truth and character. There must be

truth in the purpose and will power in the character." - Vince Lombardi

"The most dangerous leadership myth is that leaders are born—that there

is a genetic factor to leadership. This myth asserts that people simply

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either have certain charismatic qualities or not. That's nonsense; in fact,

the opposite is true. Leaders are made rather than born." - Warren G.

Bennis

"All of the great leaders have had one characteristic in common: it

was the willingness to confront unequivocally the major anxiety of their

people in their time. This, and not much else, is the essence of

leadership." - John Kenneth Galbraith

"If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more

and become more, you are a leader." - John Quincy Adams

“When it is your strategy there are always things that you can tweet better

and things that we feel we can do better but that’s a good thing but I want

to say that I am really very proud of both the organizers behind the

scenes but in particular my team I set a very clear directive we do not

want go low and this means a lot to me”- The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley

Q.C. M.P., Prime Minister of Barbados

William Anderson Gittens

Dip. Com. B.A. Media Arts; Media Arts Specialist, Cultural Practitioner Author and Publisher

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CHAPTER 2

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley, Q.C,M.P., Prime Minister

What is a leader is this pertinent question; or better yet what constitutes

leadership? This two part question will be answered with the assistance of

theoretical terms of leadership through the lens of the various experts’.

23

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Historically, leadership24 effectiveness was measured in terms of a leader’s

influence in controlling others, to set and achieve goals and to coordinate the

reporting team’s efforts on a “top-down” basis.

However, although these factors may still play a part, leadership effectiveness

is now likely to involve other factors, some of which are more important in terms of

determining overall success, and to apply in part to individuals in a non-formal

leadership role.

Leadership25 is an art and, as such, requires talent. Talent can be enhanced

but not taught. Leaders must be able to formulate inspiring visions and strategies for

approaching them. Idealized design can be used for this purpose. In addition,

leaders must understand the nature of social systems and what this implies, and the

nature of the transformations occurring in our way of thinking.

In this article the author explains how leaders, like artists, can be made more

effective by learning about the relevant materials available and how to use them.

Knowledge of the same tools and techniques may also improve managers, but it

cannot make leaders of them. A person can be viewed as a good leader only when

they yield the best result for the organization by managing their team well.

24

http://blog.readytomanage.com/what-constitutes-leadership-effectiveness/ 25

https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/08944310510557459

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Leadership26 means different things to different people around the world, and

different things in different situations. For example, it could relate to community

leadership, religious leadership, political leadership, and leadership of campaigning

groups

The words "leader" and "leadership"27 are often used incorrectly to describe

people who are actually managing. These individuals may be highly skilled, good at

their jobs, and valuable to their organizations – but that just makes them excellent

managers, not leaders.

So, be careful how you use the terms, and don't assume that people with

"leader" in their job titles, people who describe themselves as "leaders," or even

groups called "leadership teams" are actually creating and delivering

transformational change.

A particular danger in these situations is that people or organizations that are

being managed by such an individual or group think they're being led; but they're

not. There may actually be no leadership at all, with no one setting a vision and no

one being inspired. This can cause serious problems in the long term.

Many of the world's most respected leaders have several personality traits in

common28. Some of the most recognizable traits are the ability to initiate change and

inspire a shared vision, as well as knowing how to "encourage the heart" and model

26

https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_41.htm 27

https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_41.htm 28

The Time 100, Leaders and Revolutionaries (www.time.com)

What Makes A Great Leader (www.pastors.com) The Blitz: London's Longest Night (www.pbs.org)

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the skills and behaviors that are necessary to achieve the stated objectives. Good

leaders must also be confident enough in themselves to enable others to contribute

and succeed. Here are some perspectives of some iconic leaders.

The Ability to Initiate Change -- Franklin D. Roosevelt

Good leaders are never satisfied with the status quo and usually take action to

change it. In addition, strong leaders bring about change for the common good by

involving others in the process. F.D.R. sought practical ways to help struggling men

and women make a better world for themselves and their children. His philosophy

was, "bold, persistent experimentation...Take a method and try it. If it fails, admit it

frankly and try another. But above all, try something." Being willing to take risks by

trying new ideas and involving others in the process of change is a key quality of

strong leaders.

Inspiring a Shared Vision -- The Leadership of Martin Luther King

Leaders, through their words and actions, must have the ability to draw others

into a common vision by telling others where they intend to go and urging them to

join in that vision. Martin Luther King's vision of a country free from racial

segregation and discrimination, so poignantly expressed in his famous "I have a

dream..." speech, exemplifies this critical leadership trait. King had a vision of a

better America, and his ability to bring both whites and blacks together to march

against segregation changed America profoundly.

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Model Leadership -- Mohandas K. Ghandi

Strong leaders not only need to have a vision and the ability to initiate change,

they must model the values, actions, and behaviors necessary to make the vision

reality. Ghandi not only created and espoused the philosophies of passive

resistance and constructive non-violence, he lived by these principles. According to

Indira Gandhi, "More than his words, his life was his message." By choosing to

consistently live and work in a manner that exemplified the values he believed in,

Ghandi engendered trust, becoming a role model for others looking to affect change

without resorting to violence. The question must be asked did Gandhi motivate the

entire nation to endure the penance of nonviolence. No, but he inspired his people.

Encouraging the Heart -- The Leadership of Winston Churchill

On December 29, 1940, London was hit by one of the largest aerial attacks of

World War II. Somehow, St. Paul's Cathedral survived. Two days later a photo

showing a silhouette of the dome of St. Paul's, surrounded by smoke and flames ran

in the paper with a caption that read, "It symbolizes the steadiness of London's

stand against the enemy: the firmness of right against wrong." Churchill recognized

the importance of St. Paul's as a morale booster. His instructions were clear on that

December night, "At all costs, St. Paul's must be saved." Leaders must be able to

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encourage the hearts of those who share their vision, providing a sense of confident

optimism even in the face of enormous difficulties29.

According to Mark Shead30 There is this notion that some sit and pontificate

about whether leaders are made or born. The true leader ignores such arguments

and instead concentrates on developing the leadership qualities necessary for

success. In this article, we are going to discuss five leadership traits or leadership

qualities that people look for in a leader. If you are able to increase your skill in

displaying these five quality characteristics, you will make it easier for people to

want to follow you. The less time you have to spend on getting others to follow you,

the more time you have to spend refining exactly where you want to go and how to

get there are five leadership traits/leadership qualities these includes-

a. Honest

b. Forward-Looking

c. Competent

d. Inspiring

e. Intelligent

These five qualities come from Kouzes and Posner’s research into leadership

that was done for the book The Leadership Challenge.

29

https://www.worldwidelearn.com/business-career/article/leadership-necessary-skill-in-todays-business-world.html 30


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Your skill at exhibiting these five leadership qualities is strongly correlated with

people’s desire to follow your lead. Exhibiting these traits will inspire confidence in

your leadership. Not exhibiting these traits or exhibiting the opposite of these traits

will decrease your leadership influence with those around you.

It is important to exhibit, model and display these traits. Simply possessing

each trait is not enough; you have to display it in a way that people notice. People

want to see that you actively demonstrate these leadership qualities and will not just

assume that you have them. It isn’t enough to just be neutral. For example, just

because you are not dishonest will not cause people to recognize that you are

honest. Just avoiding displays of incompetence won’t inspire the same confidence

as truly displaying competence.

The focus of each of these five traits needs to be on what people see you do–

not just the things they don’t see you do. Being honest isn’t a matter of not lying–it is

taking the extra effort to display honesty.

Honesty as a Leadership Quality

People want to follow an honest leader. Years ago, many employees started

out by assuming that their leadership was honest simply because the authority of

their position. With modern scandals, this is no longer true.

When you start a leadership position, you need to assume that people will

think you are a little dishonest. In order to be seen as an honest individual, you will

have to go out of your way to display honesty. People will not assume you are

honest simply because you have never been caught lying.

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One of the most frequent places where leaders miss an opportunity to display

honesty is in handling mistakes. Much of a leader’s job is to try new things and

refine the ideas that don’t work. However, many leaders want to avoid failure to the

extent that they don’t admit when something did not work.

There was a medium size organization that was attempting to move to a less

centralized structure. Instead of one location serving an entire city, they wanted to

put smaller offices throughout the entire metro area. At the same time, they were

planning an expansion for headquarters to accommodate more customers at the

main site. The smaller remote offices were heralded as a way to reach more

customers at a lower cost and cover more demographic areas.

After spending a considerable amount of money on a satellite location, it

became clear that the cost structure would not support a separate smaller office. As

the construction completed on the expanded headquarters building, the smaller

office was closed. This was good decision making. The smaller offices seemed like

a good idea, but when the advantages didn’t materialize (due to poor management

or incorrect assumptions) it made sense to abandon the model. This was a chance

for the leadership to display honesty with the employees, be candid about why

things didn’t work out as expected, learn from the mistakes and move on.

Unfortunately in this situation the leadership told employees that they had

planned on closing the satellite location all along and it was just a temporary

measure until construction was completed on the larger headquarters building.

While this wasn’t necessarily true, it didn’t quite cross over into the area of lying.

Within a few months the situation was mostly forgotten and everyone moved on.

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Few of the employees felt that leadership was being dishonest. However, they had

passed up a marvelous opportunity to display the trait of honesty in admitting a

mistake.

Opportunities to display honesty on a large scale may not happen every day.

As a leader, showing people that you are honest even when it means admitting to a

mistake, displays a key trait that people are looking for in their leaders. By

demonstrating honesty with yourself, with your organization and with outside

organizations, you will increase your leadership influence. People will trust someone

who actively displays honesty–not just as an honest individual, but as someone who

is worth following.

Forward-Looking as a Leadership Trait

The whole point of leadership is figuring out where to go from where you are

now. While you may know where you want to go, people won’t see that unless you

actively communicate it with them. Remember, these traits aren’t just things you

need to have, they are things you need to actively display to those around you.

When people do not consider their leader forward-looking, that leader is

usually suffering from one of two possible problems:

The leader doesn’t have a forward-looking vision.

The leader is unwilling or scared to share the vision with others.

When a leader doesn’t have a vision for the future, it usually because they are

spending so much time on today, that they haven’t really thought about tomorrow.

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On a very simplistic level this can be solved simply by setting aside some time for

planning, strategizing and thinking about the future.

Many times when a leader has no time to think and plan for the future, it is

because they are doing a poor job of leading in the present. They have created an

organization and systems that rely too much on the leader for input at every stage.

Some leaders have a clear vision, but don’t wish to share it with others. Most

of the time they are concerned that they will lose credibility if they share a vision of

the future that doesn’t come about. This is a legitimate concern. However, people

need to know that a leader has a strong vision for the future and a strong plan for

going forward. Leaders run into trouble sharing their vision of the future when they

start making promises to individuals. This goes back to the trait of honesty. If a

leader tells someone that “next year I’m going to make you manager of your own

division”, that may be a promise they can’t keep. The leader is probably basing this

promotion on the organization meeting financial goals, but the individual will only

hear the personal promise.

An organization I was working with was floundering. It seemed like everyone

had a different idea about what they were trying to achieve. Each department head

was headed in a different direction and there was very little synergy as small

fiefdoms and internal politics took their toll.

Eventually a consulting firm was called in to help fix the problem. They

analyzed the situation, talked to customers, talked to employees and set up a

meeting with the CEO. They were going to ask him about his vision for the future.

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The employees were excited that finally there would be a report stating the direction

for the organization.

After the meeting, the consultants came out shaking their heads. The

employees asked how the important question had gone to which the consultants

replied, “we asked him, but you aren’t going to like the answer”. The CEO had told

the consultant that, while he had a vision and plan for the future, he wasn’t going to

share it with anyone because he didn’t want there to be any disappointment if the

goals were not reached.

Leaders can communicate their goals and vision for the future without making

promises that they may not be able to keep. If a leader needs to make a promise to

an individual, it should be tied to certain measurable objectives being met. The CEO

in the example didn’t realize how much damage he was doing by not demonstrating

the trait of being forward-looking by communicating his vision with the organization.

The CEO was forward-looking. He had a plan and a vision and he spent a lot

of time thinking about where the organization was headed. However, his fear of

communicating these things to the rest of the organization hampered his leadership

potential.

Competency as a Leadership Quality

People want to follow someone who is competent. This doesn’t mean a leader

needs to be the foremost expert on every area of the entire organization, but they

need to be able to demonstrate competency.

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For a leader to demonstrate that they are competent, it isn’t enough to just

avoid displaying incompetency. Some people will assume you are competent

because of your leadership position, but most will have to see demonstrations

before deciding that you are competent.

When people under your leadership look at some action you have taken and

think, “that just goes to show why he is the one in charge”, you are demonstrating

competency. If these moments are infrequent, it is likely that some demonstrations

of competency will help boost your leadership influence.

Like the other traits, it isn’t enough for a leader to be competent. They must

demonstrate competency in a way that people notice. This can be a delicate

balance. There is a danger of drawing too much attention to yourself in a way that

makes the leader seem arrogant. Another potential danger is that of minimizing

others contributions and appearing to take credit for the work of others.

As a leader, one of the safest ways to “toot you own horn without blowing it”, is

to celebrate and bring attention to team achievements. In this way you indirectly

point out your competency as a leader. For example: “Last year I set a goal of

reaching $12 million in sales and, thanks to everyone’s hard word, as of today, we

have reached $13.5 million.”

Inspiration as a Leadership Trait

People want to be inspired. In fact, there is a whole class of people who will

follow an inspiring leader–even when the leader has no other qualities. If you have

developed the other traits in this article, being inspiring is usually just a matter of

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communicating clearly and with passion. Being inspiring means telling people how

your organization is going to change the world.

A great example of inspiration is when Steve Jobs stole the CEO from Pepsi

by asking him, “Do you want to sell sugar water for the rest of your life, or do you

want to change the world?” Being inspiring means showing people the big picture

and helping them see beyond a narrow focus and understand how their part fits into

the big picture.

One technique to develop your ability to inspire is telling stories. Stories can

be examples from your customers, fictitious examples from your customers, or even

historical fables and myths. Stories can help you vividly illustrate what you are trying

to communicate. Stories that communicate on an emotional level help communicate

deeper than words and leave an imprint much stronger than anything you can

achieve through a simple stating of the facts.

Learning to be inspiring is not easy–particularly for individuals lacking in

charisma. It can be learned. Take note of people who inspire you and analyze the

way they communicate. Look for ways to passionately express your vision. While

there will always be room for improvement, a small investment in effort and

awareness will give you a significant improvement in this leadership trait.

Intelligence as a Leadership Trait

Intelligence is something that can be difficult to develop. The road toward

becoming more intelligent is difficult, long and can’t be completed without investing

considerable time. Developing intelligence is a lifestyle choice. Your college

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graduation was the beginning of your education, not the end. In fact, much of what

is taught in college functions merely as a foundational language for lifelong

educational experiences.

To develop intelligence you need to commit to continual learning–both formally

and informally. With modern advances in distance, education it is easy to take a

class or two each year from well-respected professors in the evening at your

computer.

Informally, you can develop a great deal of intelligence in any field simply by

investing a reasonable amount of time to reading on a daily basis. The fact is that

most people won’t make a regular investment in their education. Spending 30

minutes of focused reading every day will give you 182 hours of study time each

year.

For the most part, people will notice if you are intelligent by observing your

behavior and attitude. Trying to display your intelligence is likely to be

counterproductive. One of the greatest signs of someone who is truly intelligent is

humility. The greater your education, the greater your understanding of how little we

really understand.

You can demonstrate your intelligence by gently leading people toward

understanding–even when you know the answer. Your focus needs to be on helping

others learn–not demonstrating how smart you are. Arrogance will put you in a

position where people are secretly hopeful that you’ll make a mistake and appear

foolish.

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As unintuitive as it may seem, one of the best ways to exhibit intelligence is by

asking questions. Learning from the people you lead by asking intelligent thoughtful

questions will do more to enhance your intelligence credibility than just about

anything. Of course this means you need to be capable of asking intelligent

questions.

Everyone considers themselves intelligent. If you ask them to explain parts of

their area of expertise and spend the time to really understand (as demonstrated by

asking questions), their opinion of your intelligence will go up. After all, you now

know more about what makes them so intelligent, so you must be smart as well.

Your ability to demonstrate respect for the intellect of others will probably do more to

influence the perception of your intellect than your actual intelligence.

Summary of the Five Leadership Qualities

By consciously making an effort to exhibit these traits, people will be more

likely to follow you. These are the most important traits that people look for in their

leaders. By exhibiting them on a regular basis, you will be able to grow your

influence to its potential as a leader.

At this juncture I would like to introduce Whitney Hopler31 perspective as it

relates to exposing children to leadership. Hopler32 has argued that parents should

start early. Realize that the most influential leadership training in a child's life comes

from his or her parents at home.

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Let your kids know that they are a top priority in your life. When kids know you

care, their confidence soars. Make time to be actively involved in their lives,

attending their activities and talking with them regularly.

Strive to be a good role model; live the kind of life you want your kids to

emulate. Understand what your kids are passionate about, and what challenges

they face. Help them extract leadership lessons from their challenges.

Point out leadership in action to them as you go about your daily lives,

discussing both positive and negative examples.

Encourage your kids to get out of their comfort zones and take risks.

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CHAPTER 3

As an Author and a Media Arts Specialist when I examined Author and

Communications Director Whitney Von Lake Hopler’s comments aligned with young

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Mia Amor Mottley’s life; it is very interesting. The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley34 Q.C.,

M.P., has been much influenced by her family; she is the granddaughter of Ernest

Deighton Mottley 35 (1907–1973), a real estate broker and successful politician

particularly at the parish level. He was the first Mayor of Bridgetown (1959),

representing Bridgetown in the House of Assembly from 1946, who belonged to the

conservative party and helped the poor, he was granted the Ordinary Commander of

the Civil Division for public services in Barbados in June 1962 and assisted Wynter

Algernon Crawford (1910–1993), Barbados's Trade Minister, at the Independent

Conference in London during June and July 1966. Mottley's uncle, also named

Ernest Deighton Mottley (1931–2008), a refuse disposal officer who lived in Great

Britain for 18 years, became the political leader of the short-lived Christian Social

Democratic Party (CSD) created in March 1975.36

Mia's father Elliott Deighton Mottley (born 26 Nov 1939), was also a barrister

who sat in the House of Assembly, albeit for a relatively short time before vacating

the seat to become consul-general in New York. He was educated at Eagle Hall

School, Harrison College (Barbados) and Middle Temple (London) once served as

Bermuda's attorney-general and sits on Belize's Court of Appeal, he married Mia's

mother Santa Amor Tappin in December 1964, just three years after being called to

the Bar and was elected to represent Bridgetown (Barbados) in May 1969.It has

been suggested that the Prime Minister of the time, Errol Barrow 37 , used his

34

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Caribbean monthly bulletin, Volumes 7-9, Institute of Caribbean Studies, University of Puerto Rico (1973). 37

Caribbean monthly bulletin, Volumes 7-9, Institute of Caribbean Studies, University of Puerto Rico (1973).

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parliamentary majority to abolish local government altogether and therefore

undermine Elliott Mottley's strength in the political arena.

Mia Mottley was educated at Merrivale Preparatory School (Barbados; closed

summer 2010)38 , the United Nations International School (New York City), and

Queen's College (Barbados).

On this journey we have discovered that Carol Roberts’39 interview with Mia

Amor Mottley has highlighted. Ms. Mottley saying that “when I was growing up I

have no doubt that I have been blessed by having more than a lot but privilege and

entitlement is not one of those things that has been associated with everything I

have had to work for.”

“Let’s start with my growing up my parents did not indulge us there was no

such thing as pocket money there was no such thing as being taken up and driven

wherever you want to go there was no such thing as family vacation going to Disney

World nothing so You wanted to go to the Vista you walk down the road and you

catch the bypass bus and you go if you come back and its dark you would come

down only because the hill had no lights.”Mia Amor Mottley 40 further added “I

worked at Knights from early in my first job, my brother worked at what are now

Massy Supermarket packing bags. If you wanted things you had to work for it. I used

to make rotis and sell until one day I got an order for 200 and I say never again

38

Merrivale (Shenstone, Pine Road, St. Michael), on its 51st anniversary, closed its doors for good at the end of the

summer term 2010, and the property went up for sale because Mrs. Carrington was then 91. All the then current teachers at Merrivale would begin teaching at the new Westwood in the next school year (2011). 39

Roberts Carrol interview 20-5-2018 40

Roberts Carrol interview 20-5-2018

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because my arms hurt for three days… so I found things to do so that is how I got

into Crop over band management that’s how I got into having stalls with Piley down

at Piley’s place in Brighton’s with Dove Boy as he then was Ivan Hope. I have

always had to work for whatever I want. Did we start with more? Did we have

exposure and the ability never to have to worry about food or education of course I

had that blessing and that’s why I worked so hard?

By 1986, Mottley finalized her training as attorney and received a law degree

from the London School of Economics (Houghton Street, London, England).

Again Hopler41 suggestion that when you Hold up a mirror to young leaders.

Show kids that they have leadership abilities. Let them know you believe in them

and expect great things from them. Listen to what they say about their interests,

ambitions, and dreams. Give them opportunities to lead. A case in point, Mottley42

has grown to be among a handful of elected Barbadian officials with a family

background in Barbados's parliamentary history, and her colleagues at the Bar

describe her as aggressive and knowledgeable about the law, giving her gusto in

the political arena. This profile underscores Mia Amor Mottley as a true leader who

concentrates on developing the leadership qualities necessary for success including

Honest, Forward-Looking, Competent, Inspiring and Intelligent according to Mark

Shead.43 44

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Merrivale (Shenstone, Pine Road, St. Michael), on its 51st anniversary, closed its doors for good at the end of the

summer term 2010, and the property went up for sale because Mrs. Carrington was then 91. All the then current teachers at Merrivale would begin teaching at the new Westwood in the next school year (2011). 43

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CHAPTER4

Political Career

Mottley first entered Barbadian politics in 1991, when she lost an election race

in St. Michael North East against Leroy Brathwaite (a defeat of less than 200 votes).

Between 1991 and 1994 she was one of two Opposition Senators in the Upper

House, where she was Shadow Minister of Culture and Community Development,

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during that time, she also served on numerous Parliamentary Joint Select

Committees on areas ranging from Praedial Larceny and Domestic Violence.

Ms. Roberts46 asked Mia Amor Mottley to respond to the allegations, the

insinuations and the rumors in the minds of some that you are a child of privilege

and entitlement. Mia Amor Mottley stated for the record “there never obviously saw

me when I was growing up I have no doubt that I have been blessed by having more

than a lot but privilege and entitlement is not one of those things that has been

associated with everything I have had to work for”.

In this context Courage and Boldness: is both something you can develop

and something that is blessed as a virtue. Although some people are naturally more

fearless than others, practicing how to be fearless--or at least project fearlessness--

is a completely doable task, one many have achieved in order to fulfill their role as

an amazing leader.

Mia Amor Mottley47made the telling point that “Let us start with my political

career I started with a defeat I did not start with a victory Let us start with my

leadership of the Labour Party it started with been taken down publicly in a manner

that others may consider humiliating.

Mia Amor Mottley was asked the pertinent question that there is this notion

that some has expressed that you are on this quest for leadership and this why you

are in this because you want to be Prime Minister? Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P.,

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response can be interpreted as fair and balance “ I just find the whole thing curious

David Thompson in 2007 December had a meeting in Beckles Road I will never

forget it and he spent the first fifteen minutes of that meeting making the point that

every Opposition Leader who has served any length of time in Barbados and that

had a good prospect to become a leader of government has been accused of being

power hungry or being anxious for power So that I want members of the public to

contextualize the allegation in the proper context that this is what almost every other

generation has gone through part of the course “As for leadership I never seen

myself as power hungry power does not drive me doing things to make a difference

for people and being impatient when things don’t happen and I think that you have

worked with me and you know I feel that this is the task at hand do not put off for

tomorrow what we can do today let’s get it done… inspiring people to want to

believe that they can move to a better level and to a higher purpose if that is

something that reflects being power hungry then I plead guilty to that..”

The afore mentioned expressions uttered by Mia Amor Mottley has certainly

synchronized with what Abraham Zaleznik has outlined in a presentation titled

Managers and Leaders Are They Different? The ability48 to confront is also the

ability to tolerate aggressive interchange. And that skill not only has the net effect of

stripping away the veils of ambiguity and signaling so characteristic of managerial

cultures, but also it encourages the emotional relationships leaders need if they are

to survive.

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CHAPTER 5

“Let’s50 start with my growing up my parents did not indulged us there was no

such thing as pocket money there was no such thing as being taken up and driven

wherever you want to go there was no such thing as family vacation going to Disney

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World nothing so You wanted to go to the Vista you walk down the road and you

catch the bypass bus and you go if you come back and its dark you would come

down only because the hill had no lights.”

Mia Amor Mottley51 also stated that “I worked at Knights from early in my first

job my brother worked at what is now Massy Supermarket packing bags, if you

wanted things you had to work for it. I used to make rotis and sell until one day I got

an order for 200 and I say never again because my arms hurt for three days after

…….. I found things to do so that is how I got into Crop Over band management

that’s how I got into having stalls with Piley down at Piley’s place in Brighton’s with

Dove Boy as he then was Ivan Hope. I have always had to work for whatever I

want. Did we start with more? were we have exposure and the ability never to have

to worry about food or education of course I had that blessing and that’s why I

worked so hard to make sure of that”

In this setting evidently Mia Amor Mottley’s Decisiveness means that one

have made up one’s mind, they don't hesitate to commit--it's all hands on deck.

They show great consistency with their decisions, rarely backing out or changing

their minds unless it is absolutely necessary. Being decisive shows commitment, a

quality very high in demand for a great leader. “I feel strongly that no mother no

father should ever have to choose which child should be educated and I am strong

strong on that. Let’s make other decisions about sacrifice but not this this is too

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fundamental to a child’s ability to survive and succeed in life. Mark Miller52 has also

argued that the best way to define leadership is difficult. He added that we should

look up “Leadership Definition” in a Google search and in .44 sec you get

269,000,000 results. Despite this massive number, I don’t actually think that the

definition is the issue…it is the action of leadership that is the hardest part.

Inherently, defining leadership means understanding yourself from an inward

perspective as well as translating your own tendencies, strengths and approaches

into the way you interact, communicate and influence others53.

So how can you more clearly define the foundations of what it will take you to

become a leader? Well, it helps to start with the things that make the biggest

difference and define leadership from that perspective.

Here are five ways that you as a leader can bring greater focus and clarity to

your leadership approach. When you can define what leadership means to you, then

you’ll be able to more effectively communicate and influence those people who you

lead. Your team and your organization will respect you, look to you for direction and

be inspired to work within your vision.

Trust: Trust means understanding how your employees think and what

actually matters to them. Columbia professor Heidi Grant Halvorson in 99U, states,

“When your team trusts you as a leader, it increases commitment to team goals.

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Communication improves and ideas flow more freely, increasing creativity and

productivity.” Mia Amor Mottley has defined herself by her stated intentions.

4. Passion

Again in this setting it is clear that The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., has

indicated by the leadership techniques that she exhibits; or it can be interpreted that

There's nothing more inspirational than seeing someone who cares about what they

do--the best leaders exhibit boundless energy and passion for what they do.

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CHAPTER 6

I have put Mark Miller’s55 theory of Trust which means understanding how

your employees think and what actually matters to them next to Carol Roberts56

question as she is trying to ascertain whether there was unity of the Party and

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whether “there are still some lingering doubts that a group of people who would

have their differences a year ago two years ago would have come together to

present the picture that we see on platforms across this country during the

campaign”

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C M.P., response seems to synchronize with

Mark’s suggestion that Columbia professor Heidi Grant Halvorson in 99U, states,



productivity.” Define yourself by what your intentions are for others. Are you as a

leader being trustworthy? Are you acting on your promises? Are you finding ways to

build trust in ways that your employees can see and experience?

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C M.P., 57 –“ you really can play mock sport at

certain things a genuine coming together, look families have difficulties this family

called the Barbados Labour Party had difficulties and there were those who tried to

continue to cause strive it has not worked we went through some frank discussions

we have gone through some rebuilding and what is beautiful about it this is now two

and a half years everybody says a year as like if it was last year it is two and half

years that we have literally had no issues and I want to say and I keep making the

point that I have a team….”

Humility- While confidence is a very attractive trait in leaders, there's nothing

like a humble character for creating a lovable persona. Great leaders admit when

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they are wrong and take criticism as an opportunity for growth. Show the world how

grateful you are to be where you are. This, in turn, will demonstrate how much you

deserve the leadership role. Mia Amor Mottley “I really really believe all of us have

had to make adjustments in recognition that we have a wider duty and a deeper

duty to this country and” “I am really truly grateful to my team for that will they all

agree on everything no they won’t we are not yes people but there is a core set of

values that I believe that we have all agreed we will respect as we seek to build the

institution to allow it to build the best Barbados that we can with the population of

Barbados”. When I examined in context the aforementioned expressions of Mia

Amor Mottley against the backdrop of Mark Miller 58 theory as it relates the

characteristic of Trust there is evidence which suggest that Mia Amor Mottley has an

understanding of how her colleagues think and what actually matters to them.

Carol Roberts59 asked about The LEC…The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.

M.P., replied in jovial manner “that I lose every case… That is the only LEC that I

know”…Carol stated “that that has captured the imagination or the attention of the

country and the divided opinion down line” The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley’s Action:

Leadership means actually acting on what you say you’re going to do. However, that

doesn’t mean actually doing it yourself. The biggest impediment to action is often

ourselves. This article from Forbes highlights the practice employed by leading

Innovation Consultant Infosight—creates a “Chief Bottleneck Buster.” This concept

couldn’t be more true, since as a leader, you often have the most on your plate of

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anyone in your organization. And, because these initiatives are coming from a high-

level, they’re no doubt priorities. Define leadership by your ability to bust through

bottlenecks (it will also help reinforce that you trust your team – see point 1!) The

Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., 60 said that “I addressed in the past and said it

The Law is very clear there were a number of us who went to England to study we

had to comply with a date with respect to entering a course of study under the legal

profession act it said that if you were literally registered in a course of study in

England before the 31st of December 1984 that you were, you did not have to do

Hugh Wooding Law School or Norman Manley law School and hence the LEC so

you did not need an LEC to practice. I do not want to be invidious to this, let we

leave it that because it is an issue that has only been given legs by a few people

who want to make it seem because the law is as clear as possible as to what is

required to practice law in this country. The legal profession act has it there set out. I

became a member of Middle Temple on the 6th of August 1984 and I must say that I

became a member of Middle Temple on the recommendation of no lesser person

than Errol Barrow and Henry Forde and I find it curious that Errol Barrow’s party

would now want to so disregard the law because there is nothing else to attack on

So for me it is for the course regrettably this type of politics is a distraction it is

intended to be a distraction from the real issues of the day. The kind of fervor that

has gone in the LEC61 went in fixing buses, or went getting garbage trucks fixed or

went in getting the Queen Elizabeth Hospital fixed. I feel honored because it would

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seemed that this government was at lease trying but this complete obsession with

a reinterpretation of the Law and the thing about Law and Economics is subject to

an opinion it is not like science where you see X and Y .

Perspective: A defining characteristic of leadership is the ability to ensure that

perspective is being realized in different ways. You have your own perspective,

which helps you set a vision and develop a plan to get there. However, more

challenging is the ability to incorporate other perspectives into the mix. Mia Amor

Mottley62 further explained “but Law and opinion it is my opinion that is your opinion

as long as you can talk you are going to get an audience but it is does withstand

scrutiny no.”

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CHAPTER 7

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Carrol Roberts “I have heard you mentioned in the past the possibility of fixed

term representation”.

Candidate and Leader of the Barbados Labour Party Mia Amor Mottley

Q.C.M.P. said “Well64 that’s one of the ones that we have to go the country on I am

a firm believer in fixed terms, I am also a firm believer in term limits. I feel that for the

very reason I have just said we educate our people there is more than enough

people out there are willing and capable to serve in this country.

The Party is not quite with me yet; these things happen but we have agreed

that we are going to the country on it and let the country decide on the issue of fixed

term limits and fixed term also term limits. As well as some other issues surround

Parliamentary reform, we have had real major Parliamentary reform since 1971

when we changed from double member to single member constituencies. There is

a school of thought that we need to look at how we govern ourselves but that’s a

conversation including the people’s assemblies which we are recommending that we

have a conversation with the country on; because we feel that people need to have

a greater say beyond voting every five years; or even the people’s initiatives which

will allow you if you have; and feel strongly about something and you have enough

signatures as happened in the House of Commons in England now you can literally

by getting the right requisite number of signatures; get people to come and literally

come sign and parliament has to debate it and referenda.

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Constitution 65 Monarchy under Queen Elizabeth II Legislature: Parliament

Independence: 30 November 1966

Barbados 66 is a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy,

recognizing Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. She is represented by a Governor-

General appointed on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. There is a

bicameral legislature and party system, based on universal adult suffrage.

The Senate has 21 members appointed by the Governor-General, 12 on the

advice of the Prime Minister, two on that of the Leader of the Opposition, and the

remaining seven at the Governor-General’s discretion.

The House of Assembly has 30 directly elected members. Leaders of each

house (President and Deputy President of the Senate and Speaker and Deputy

Speaker of the Assembly) are elected by the members of the respective houses.

The Governor-General appoints as Prime Minister the parliamentarian who

commands – in the Governor-General’s opinion – the largest support within the

House of Assembly, and the Prime Minister heads the cabinet. Other ministers are

appointed from either house by the Governor-General as advised by the Prime

Minister. The Governor-General appoints the Leader of the Opposition – the MP

who, in his/her judgement, leads the party commanding the support of the largest

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number of MPs in opposition to the government. The normal life of parliament is five

years.

The constitution may be amended by act of parliament passed by both

houses, except for entrenched clauses which require two-thirds majorities in both

houses. These clauses relate to citizenship, rights and freedoms, the governor-

generalship, composition of parliament and its sessions, prorogation and dissolution,

general elections, senatorial appointments, executive authority, judicature, civil

service and finance.

Following the BLP's victory in the 1994 general election, Mottley was

appointed to the Ministry of Education, Youth Affairs and Culture in September

1994, under Prime Minister Owen Arthur; at the age of 29, she became one of the

youngest Barbadians ever to be assigned a ministerial portfolio. During her tenure

she co-authored the White Paper on Education entitled Each Child Matters, which

draws the link between better education and job fulfillment.

She was elected General Secretary of the Barbados Labour Party in 1996; in

that same year and again in 1997, she served as Chairman of the CARICOM

Standing Committee of Ministers of Education.

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley was appointed Attorney-General and Minister of

Home Affairs in August 2001 and is the first female (in Barbados) to hold this

position, she is also the youngest ever Queen's Counsel in Barbados. In addition to

being a Member of the Privy Council of Barbados, she was Leader of the House and

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a member of the National Security Council and the Barbados Defence Board, she is

also credited with being the visionary behind the Education Sector Enhancement

Programme, popularly known as "Edutech", which aims to increase the number of

young people contributing to the island’s sustainable social and economic

development. This revolutionary programme involves the widespread use of

information and communication technologies to assist in improving the quality of the

teaching/learning process.

In Youth Affairs, Mottley directed the establishment of the Youth

Entrepreneurship Scheme and a National Youth Development Programme.

Two years later Mottley was to serve as Barbados's second female Deputy

Prime Minister and Chairman of the Social Council of Barbados and the Deputy

Chairman of Barbados' Economic Council, a position she held until 2008 that

allowed her extended responsibilities, including the chairmanship of a number of key

Cabinet sub-committees, notably Telecommunications Reform and one oversight of

the administrative and legislative initiatives to prepare Barbados for the advent of

the Caribbean Single Market and Economy.

In a government reshuffle in February 2006, Mottley was appointed as

Minister of Economic Affairs and Development, a post she also held until 2008,

where her responsibilities put her in charge of key economic agencies.

Following the BLP's defeat in the election held on 15 January 2008 and Owen

Arthur's resignation as party leader, Mia Mottley was chosen as BLP party leader on

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19 January 2008, she is the first woman to lead the party, as well as the country's

first female Opposition Leader.[4] Mottley was sworn in as Opposition Leader on 7

February 2008, she promised the people that the Barbados Labour Party would be a

strong and unified Opposition that would fight for the rights of all citizens in the

country.

On 18 October 2010, Mottley's appointment as Leader of the Opposition was

revoked following a vote of no-confidence by five of her parliamentary colleagues;

the five MPs placed their support behind former Prime Minister Owen Arthur, who

assumed the leadership position that same day.

In the February 2013 general election, the BLP was narrowly defeated,

obtaining 14 seats against 16 for the Democratic Labour Party (DLP). A few days

after the election, on 26 February 2013, the BLP parliamentary group elected

Mottley as Leader of the Opposition, replacing Arthur.[5]

References

"Inter-American Dialogue | Mia Amor Mottley". www.thedialogue.org.

Retrieved 2017-04-12.

Caribbean monthly bulletin, Volumes 7-9, Institute of Caribbean Studies,

University of Puerto Rico (1973).

Merrivale (Shenstone, Pine Road, St. Michael), on its 51st anniversary, closed

its doors for good at the end of the summer term 2010, and the property went up for

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sale because Mrs. Carrington was then 91. All the then current teachers at Merrivale

would begin teaching at the new Westwood in the next school year (2011).

Trevor Yearwood, "Mia Takes Over", nationnews.com (24 January 2008).

Mark Miller67 further suggested that the best way to define leadership is

difficult. He added that we should look up “Leadership Definition” in a Google

search and in .44 sec you get 269,000,000 results. Despite this massive number, I

don’t actually think that the definition is the issue…it is the action of leadership that

is the hardest part. Inherently, defining leadership means understanding yourself

from an inward perspective as well as translating your own tendencies, strengths

and approaches into the way you interact, communicate and influence others68.

So how can you more clearly define the foundations of what it will take you to

become a leader? Well, it helps to start with the things that make the biggest

difference and define leadership from that perspective.

Here are five ways that you as a leader can bring greater focus and clarity to

your leadership approach. When you can define what leadership means to you, then

you’ll be able to more effectively communicate and influence those people who you

lead. Your team and your organization will respect you, look to you for direction and

be inspired to work within your vision.

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Trust: Trust means understanding how your employees think and what

actually matters to them. Columbia professor Heidi Grant Halvorson in 99U, states,



productivity.” Define yourself by what your intentions are for others. Are you as a

leader being trustworthy? Are you acting on your promises? Are you finding ways to

build trust in ways that your employees can see and experience?

Action: Leadership means actually acting on what you say you’re going to do.

However, that doesn’t mean actually doing it yourself. The biggest impediment to

action is often ourselves.

This article from Forbes highlights the practice employed by leading

Innovation Consultant Infosight—creates a “Chief Bottleneck Buster.” This concept

couldn’t be more true, since as a leader, you often have the most on your plate of

anyone in your organization. And, because these initiatives are coming from a high-

level, they’re no doubt priorities. Define leadership by your ability to bust through

bottlenecks (it will also help reinforce that you trust your team – see point 1!)

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69

CHAPTER 8

Perspective: A defining characteristic of leadership is the ability to ensure that

this perspective is being realized in different ways. You have your own perspective,

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which helps you set a vision and develop a plan to get there. However, more

challenging is the ability to incorporate other perspectives into the mix.

A case in point during Carol Roberts 70 ’ live interview on social media

Facebook live May 20 2018. Carol asked the telling question Mia Amor Mottley71

with four days left to go in the campaign are you satisfied with your strategy?


QC.MP. responded I think so, obviously when it is your strategy there are always

things that you can tweet better and things that we feel we can do better but that’s a

good thing but I want to say that I am really very proud of both the organizers behind

the scenes but in particular my team I set a very clear directive we do not want go

low and this means a lot to me. Last night I addressed it this when I had the Youth

Rally at the bottom of Tweedside Road.

F. John Reh has made the telling point that a new era demands a

different approach72 as times have changed, so has the role of a leader. Today's

leader is in the middle of the action, providing support and ensuring proper direction

instead of leading his team from on high.

It is evident that Mia Amor Mottley is doing exactly that especially when she

stated in an interview “I73 do not like some politicians74 believe that politics has its

70


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own morality I really don’t and I think that part of the apathy that we are seeing in

our society is as a result of that.”

Leadership75, the ability to motivate groups of people towards a common goal,

is an important skill in today's business world. In my view the aforementioned

response given by Mia Amor Mottley seems to suggest that Mark Miller VP of

Marketing, Emergenetics International Ms. Mottley is on the same page for the

following reasons.


Q.C.M.P., has define leadership according to Mark Miller 76 VP of Marketing,

Emergenetics International by ensuring you know what each person on your team is

thinking and what motivates them, ensures that you’ll get diverse kinds of thinking

that will build influence around different ideas and realize cognitive diversity.

When I analyzed comments made by Mia Amor Mottley it appears that she is

not clairvoyant but her team’s actions invariably produced the type of anticipated

results due to the fact that she had set a very clear directive and she knew what

each person on her team was doing and therefore the team did what they were

supposed to do that is produced the anticipated outcome.

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77

CHAPTER 9

Mark Miller78 has also underscored the fact that leaders must focus and the

tendency for a leader is to inspire and engage around everything that is happening.

Candidate and Leader of the Barbados Labour Party Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.M.P., in

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her conversation with Carol Roberts. Ms. Mottley stated that “ I also commended79

my team, my candidates, and those who mounted our platform for the most part

completely taken on board. That approach I believe we have a very strong

manifesto. I believe that Barbadians more than anything else want to know what the

future is about. I believe that Barbadians will hope for a shorter campaign because

this has been a long period. We have gone five years two and a half months. So all

of these things have combined people want to on we all know that something is not

right in the country as Plastic Bag says the country sick the country is not well.

People may not know exactly what is wrong but they know something is wrong and I

think people want to look forward and I try to keep the platform looking forward

rather than only seeking to be adversarial Westminster type old style politics.


Q.C.M.P., was asked the question if the Barbados Labour Part felt justified as it set

the agenda and the tone and the issues of this campaign?


Q.C.M.P. responded “well 80yes because those things were literally things we took

from rubbing shoulders with people. I have said from the beginning whether in terms

of the issues we have spoken about or whether in terms of the manifesto which we

have called the people’s manifesto this is the people of Barbados speaking we have

been on the road I smiled to myself when you talked about a four week campaign.

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Our even when you referred to February this has been literally an interaction

with the Barbadian public because remember within three months of the last election

the country discovered that everything upon which the government has said it was

being elected was literally and was thrown out through the window... It was not

going to lay off persons that became an issue; it was not going to sell state assets

that was announced; it was not going to charge fees at the University that became

an issue…So that literally within three months we went to the Hilton Hotel if you

recalled; and the Minister of Finance and the Governor of the Central Bank said

wow! The reserves are in trouble we have major problems by the August of that year

August 13, 2013 to be precise a major major nineteen months physical adjustment

strategy was been announced with major implications. The Prime Minister came the

next month and he said that he would not allow any two people from the same

household to go home that it would a last in first out policy those things went through

the window and December 13, 2013 another announcement came from the Minister

of Finance December 13, 2013. So we have been on the road, the layoffs started

the beginning of 2014.Our Rubbing Shoulders are the People’s Assembly so the

issues come from the people81.

In light of the aforementioned, it appears that Mia Amor Mottley has executed

what VP of Marketing, Emergenetics International Mark Miller82 describes as Focus

Miller added that the tendency for a leader is to inspire and engage around

everything that is happening.

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Q.C.M.P., believes that her method of communicating is key since Carol Roberts in

her view made the stark view that it was alleged this fact was one of the criticisms of

the present government administration.


Q.C.M.P., made the telling point” On the platform83 I have being saying all the time

look if you want to move a country and a people you have got to talk with them and

by the way not at the end we have to be able to say look we are going this road and

I always remember Tom Adams within the first months when he realized that the

situation was far more acute than they had imagined when they became the

government he said to the country tightened your belt I say and he asked people to

tightened their belt some notches and Barbadians responded.

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Q.C.M.P., appears to be exhibiting Emotional Intelligence and Leadership84 because

she seems to be more in touch with what she is deeply passionate about. Further

Mia Amor Mottley is seemingly naturally care more for others because appears

to be more socially in tune “if85 we talk our people through our issues I have

every confidence that our people will respond; so communication is going to be

critical; not just on the difficult issues or the economic issues but on all; our

Manifesto also speaks to a new form of governance because we don’t believe that

you can educate people and then treat them as if they do not have any education so

we have people who want to engage beyond a vote every five years and to that

extent a lot of communication is going to be premise on public education as well

sharing information with people such that the country can make informed

decisions..”

Candidate and Leader of the Barbados Labour Party The Hon. Mia Amor

Mottley Q.C.M.P.,’s perspective is in sync with what Mark Miller86 describes as

Focus and that the tendency for a leader is to inspire and engage around everything

that is happening. In addition, Mia Amor Mottley’s response invariably should cause

her to receive more compassion in return...

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87

CHAPTER10

But truly great leaders dig down and get focused. Part of the definition of

leadership is actually leading the implementation of ideas and initiatives. My fellow

Inc. Magazine writer Peter Economy stated it simply and elegantly—leaders

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“establish strategies, processes, and routines so that high performance is tangible,

easily defined, and monitored88.”


Q.C.M.P., certainly inspired and engage everything happening around on the

campaign trail, to the extent that she became focused, lead, implemented ideas,

initiatives, strategies and processes that lead her and the Barbados Labour Party to

prepare the people’s manifesto which is the people of Barbados speaking.


Q.C.M.P. responded “well89 yes because those things were literally things we took

from rubbing shoulders with people. I have said from the beginning whether in terms

of the issues we have spoken about or whether in terms of the manifesto which we

have called the people’s manifesto this is the people of Barbados speaking we have

been on the road I smiled to myself when you talked about a four week campaign.

Our even when you referred to February this has been literally an interaction with

the Barbadian public.” The possibility exist that Mia Amor Mottley may be asking

herself a similar question like Gandhi whether she can motivate the nation of

Barbados now it is at a crossroad politically

But truly great leaders dig down and get focused. Part of the definition of

leadership is actually leading the implementation of ideas and initiatives. My fellow

Inc. Magazine writer Peter Economy stated it simply and elegantly—leaders

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“establish strategies, processes, and routines so that high performance is tangible,

easily defined, and monitored.”

Vision: The last characteristic of great leadership is probably the hardest to

actually define. What is vision? It is a bit like the old adage of “you know it when you

see it” and as difficult as that is to internalize and act upon, the important of vision

can’t be overstated. When you need people to do incredibly hard things, they need

to be bought into the vision. How to define leadership is built upon defining what the

vision is and how it impacts your workforce, your customers, the market as a whole

and your potential audiences.

Oh…and the most important thing not on this list…communication. Even the

most defined leadership will not work unless you are a strong communicator and an

excellent listener.

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Published on: March 25, 2016 Peter Economy90 under the caption The Leadership

Guy@bizzwriter has argued that the five characters that are the best leaders exhibit

certain qualities that make them hugely successful. These attributes include.

At this juncture we observed that one of the tenets of Leadership Clarity was

expressed by Mia Amor Mottley as a result of the question the interviewer Carol

Roberts91 asked How are you going to lift the contents of the People’s Manifesto the

abolition of the Road Tax, and NSRL from text to reality?

The Leader of Her Majesty’s Opposition Mia Amor Mottley provided clarity

when she stated “Realistically we have been very clear people vote on Thursday

should it be the will of the people that we are government the Cabinet has to set

about a basis of literally governing the country from next Monday”. Mia Amor Mottley

provided a Vision for the Barbadian populace

In her interview she said “I am not even joking in June we have major issues

with foreign debt payments we have indicated throughout the campaign our foreign

reserves are much less than the country is comfortable with so we have some

economic stabilization to do straight off the back. Mia Amor Mottley is aware that

she needs people to do incredibly hard things and therefore she has bought the

populace into the vision. “So I have said from last October that first working day of

Parliament has to see the abolition of the NSRL92 has to see the abolition of the tax

90

https://www.inc.com/peter-economy/the-5-essential-qualities-of-a-great-leader.html 91

Carol Roberts interviewed Mia Amor Mottley live on Facebook live on May 21 2018 92

The National Social Responsibility Levy is a tax imposed on goods imported into Barbados and on domestically

manufactured goods.

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clearance certificates that are now grinding commerce to halt in this country

because people rightly often needed accepted cash flow have to clear some of the

same taxes that they are having difficulties with and or that they may need access to

cash flow because somebody is all kinds of reasons. The business needs working

capital. That repeal of the tax credit certificates are critical We have also agree that

we are going to announce; so that parents and students can plan for the University

of the West Indies ;and that they will be no fees September and that will be by the

way of Ministerial Statement93 .”

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94

CHAPTER 11


Q.C.M.P., showcases her Passion- according to Mark Peter95 There's nothing

more inspirational than seeing someone who cares about what they do--the best

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leaders exhibit boundless energy and passion for what they do. Mia Amor Mottley

has demonstrated this when she said “I have96 my own particular pet peeves which

is the decriminalization of illegal vending there are too many people in this country

who don’t believe that there is one Barbados and who are the front line of

persecution and who therefore are carried to court and have criminal convictions for

something that they ought not as we come to third decade of the twenty first century

and symbolically I would want my government to be associated with relieving them

of that burden.”

In light of Mia Amor Mottley’s explicit detail expressions, The Leader of Her

Majesty’s Opposition appears to be clear and concise at all times97 throughout her

interview presentation and also throughout her career. In addition Peter Economy98

Generally, very few people know what they want, much less how to get there, so

they will gravitate towards those who appear to have a clear picture in mind--good

clarity leads to great achievement.

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., and Peter Economy99 appears to be on

the same page because we apply Economy’s tenets they are in sync and there is no

question of Mia Amor Mottley of the Barbados Labour Party’s vision and what needs

to be accomplished. Over all, this gives the populace the opportunity to digest their

goals and decide whether or not they will support their cause.

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100

CHAPTER 12


Q.C.M.P., 101, (born 1 October 1965) is a Barbadian politician who has been Leader

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of the Opposition in Barbados since 2013. Mottley, who leads the Barbados Labour

Party (BLP), was previously Leader of the Opposition from 2008 to 2010. She is a

Member of Parliament for the Constituency Saint Michael-North East. From 1994 to

2008, she held a succession of ministerial portfolios. She is also a member of the

Inter-American Dialogue 102 . "Mottley replaces Arthur as opposition leader in

Barbados", Caribbean360, 26 February 2013.The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley

Q.C MP. Just as Dame Nita Barrow GCMG, was sworn in as Barbados’ 1st female

Governor General 6 June 1990 until her death 19 December 1995103. In October 3,

1965 104 U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs an immigration bill which

abolishes quotas based on national origin. Correspondingly the same year the

Honourable Mia Amor Mottley, Q.C., M.P, Bachelor of Laws born 1

October 1965105 she was the first Barbadian female politician elected and sworn in

as Leader of Her Majesty’s Opposition in Barbados on January 16, 2008 and 2013.

The same year 1965 she was born the same year Sir David Simmons was awarded

the LL.M. degree.

In 1986, the Honourable Mia Amor Mottley QC MP was finalizing her training

as attorney and received a law degree from the London School of Economics

(Houghton Street, London, England) and politics as early as 1991.

101

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mia_Mottley 102

"Inter-American Dialogue | Mia Amor Mottley". www.thedialogue.org. Retrieved 2017-04-12. 103

http://www.caribbeanelections.com/knowledge/biography/bios/barrow_nita.asp 104

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965 105

http://factualworld.com/article/Mia_Mottley

http://www.caribbeanelections.com/knowledge/biography/bios/barrow_nita.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965


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In 2001 Mia Amor Mottley was appointed the Attorney General and Minister of

Home Affairs and is the first female to hold this position. The Honourable Mia Amor

Mottley, QC, MP was made the youngest ever Queen's Council in Barbados. On

following her party’s resounding victory, on May 24 2018 Mottley thanked

Barbadians for doing “what is best for Barbados”.

May 25 2018 The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley, Q.C., M.P., Prime Minister

Name is now etched in the annals of history as a Female Prime Ministers106 and has

now joined the list of women who have led and are still leading governments in their

respective countries.

WOMAN PRIME MINISTERS107

17.12.1917-09.03.1918 (Acting) Evheniya Bohdanivna Bosch, Ukraine

Евгения Богдановна Бош, Yevgeniya Bogdanovna Bosh, or Yevheniya

Bohdanivna Bosh was People’s Commissioner of, and it was regulated by a number

of documents that the holder of this office was the Acting Head of the Executive

Power. She had been a socialist activist from 1890’s, Head of the Kyiv Committee of

the Russian Social Democratic Worker’s Party (RSDRP) 1911-12 until she was

imprisoned and a deprived of civil rights and exiled to Siberia for life. After the

revolution she became Secretary of Regional Committee of RSDRP(B). She

106

https://guide2womenleaders.com/premier_ministers-htm 107

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resigned from the government in protest to the Brest-Litovsk Peace, according to

which Soviet Russia occupied Ukraine. Afterwards she worked on different party

and Soviet posts outside Ukraine. When the pain of her disease became

unbearable, she committed suicide. She was of German-Jewish origin, and she

originally named Gotlibovna Maysh, and lived (1879-1925).

21.07.1960-27.03.1965 Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike, Sri Lanka

29.05.1970-23.07.1977

14.11.1994-10.8.2000

Chairperson 1960-93 and 1993-2000 President of Sri Lanka Freedom Party, 1965-

70 and 1988-94 Leader of The Opposition, 1976 Chairperson of the Association of

Non Aligned Nations. As Prime Minister, she also held the posts as Minister of

Foreign Affairs, Defence, and Finance etc. She carried on her husband’s policies of

socialism, neutrality in international relations, and the active encouragement of the

Buddhist religion and of the Sinhalese language and culture. In 1964 her coalition

with the Marxist Lanka Sama Samaja Party caused dissension in her government,

which was subsequently defeated in the general election of 1965. In 1970, however,

her socialist coalition, the United Front, regained power, and as prime minister she

pursued more radical policies. Her strategy, which included the nationalization of

important industries, was nullified by repressive measures and failure to deal with

ethnic rivalries and economic distress; in the election of July 1977 her party retained

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only 8 of 168 seats in the National Assembly and she was replaced as prime

minister. In 1980 parliament expelled her and barred her from political office, but in

1986 the president granted her a pardon that restored her rights Before her

appointment to Prime Minister in 1994, she was Senior Minister without Portfolio

(Second in Cabinet) in her daughter, Chandrika’s cabinet. She stepped down in

August 2000 to let her daughter reorganize the cabinet ahead of elections; she died

shortly after voting on election day. She was the widow of Solomon B., Premier of

Ceylon 1956-59 until he was assassinated. Her father Mr. Ratwatte was a Senator.

She is mother of three children. She lived (1916-2000).

19.01.1966-24.03.1977 Indira Gandhi, India

14.01.1980-31.10.1984 (†)

President 1959-60 and 1966-77 Leader of the Congress Party. She was Minister of

Information 1964-66 and member of Rajya Sabha 1964-67 and of Lok Sabha 1967-

77, 1978 and 1980-84. In 1975 she declared a stated of emergency and ruled as a

dictator. She lost the 1977-elections and imprisoned. After her release she was

leader of Congress (I) 1978-84 and as Premier she also held posts of Minister of

Foreign Affairs, Defence, Finance, Home Affairs etc. Killed by Sikh bodyguard. She

was daughter of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru (1947-64(†)), married to Feroze

Gandhi in 1942. Her younger son Rajiv Ghandi was Prime Minister (1984-89(†)).

She lived (1917-84).

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17.03.1969-10.04.1974 Golda Meïr, Israel

Ambassador to USSR 1948-49, Minister of Labour 1949-56 and Minister of Foreign

Affairs 1956-64, 1964-69 Secretary General and 1969-74 Leader of Labour. When

she became Foreign Minister her last name was hebrewnized. She was born in

Russia as Golda Mabovic and later immigrated to USA. Mother of two children and

she lived (1898-1978).

03.01.1975-07.04.1976 Élisabeth Domitién, Central African Republic

As Premier Minister she was also Deputy Head of State and acted as President on

occasions when President Bokassa was abroad. Also vice-President of the ruling

Social Evolution Movement of Black Africa (MESAN) 1975-79. She criticized the

plans of her cousin, Jean Bedel Bokassa, who had been chief of state since 1966,

who wanted to become emperor, and in effect he sacked her. After his fall from

power in 1979 she was imprisoned and tried in February 1980. She later became an

influential businesswoman in Bangui, Married to the chief of the Mobaye Canton-

Mayorship. She lived (1925-2005).

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03.05.1979-22.11.1990 Margaret Thatcher, United Kingdom of Great Britain

MP 1959-90, Parliamentary Secretary of Pensions and National Insurance 1961-

64, Secretary of State of Education 1970-74, Shadow Minister of Environment and

Housing 1974-75, Shadow Special Minister of Finance and Public Expenditure

1975, Leader of The Conservative Party 1975-90, Leader of Her Majesty’s

Opposition 1975-79. As Prime Minister she was also First Lord of the Treasury and

Minister of the Civil Service. Head of the European Communities Presidency –

President of the European Council 1981 and 1986, she was President of the Group

of Seven, G-7 all of 1984. Created Baroness Thatcher of Kestaven in 1990 and

member of the House of Lords. Mother of twins. She lived (1925-2013).

01.08.1979-3.01.1980 Dr. Maria de Lourdes Ruivo da Silva de Matos Pintasilgo,

Portugal

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo was secretary of State of Social Affairs

1974, Ambassador to UNESCO 1975-79, Minister of Social Affairs 1974-75,

Member of Council of State 1979-86 and Presidential Candidate in 1986. Member of

the European Parliament 1979-86. Unmarried. She lived (1930-2004).

21.07.1980-14.06.1995 Dame M. Eugenia Charles, Dominica

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Leader of Dominican Liberty Party 1964-94 and 1974-80 Leader of the Opposition.

During her tenure as Premier she was also Minister of External Affairs, Finance,

Trade and Industry, Defence, Minister of Information and Public Relations. In 1992

she was Knighted by Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom, the former Head of

State of Domenica. Unmarried and lived (1916-2005).

04.02.1981-14.10.1981 Gro Harlem Brundtland, Norway

09.05.1986-16.10.1989

30.11.1990-25.10.1996

Minister of Environmental Protection 1974-79, Deputy Leader 1975-81, Deputy

Parliamentary Leader 1980-81, Leader 1981-93 and Parliamentary Leader,

Parliamentary Leader of Arbeiderpartiet, Labour, 1980-81 and 1989-90 Chairperson

of the Foreign and 1989-90 of the Finance Committees, 1998-2002 Director General

of the World Health Organization, WHO, and Assistant Secretary General of the

United Nations. In 1986 she appointed a world record number of women to the

cabinet – 8 of 18. A medical doctor, daughter of Gudmond Harlem (1917-88) a

former Minister and mother of 4 children. (b. 1939-).

15.05.1982-15.05.1986 Milka Planinc, Yugoslavia

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Secretary of Treönjevka People’s Assembly 1957, Secretary of Cultural Affairs of

the City of Zagreb 1961-63, Croatian Secretary for Education 1963-65, President of

Assembly 1967-71, Leader of the Communist Party in Croatia 1971-82. She lived

(1924-2010).

02.12.1988-06.08.1990 Benazir Bhutto, Pakistan

19.10.1993-05.11.1996

Co-Chairperson 1984-94 and Leader of Pakistan People’s Party 1994-2007, in

house arrest 1977-84 and in exile 1984-86. She also held the Portfolios of Defence,

Atomic Energy, Finance, Economy, Information and Establishment. Both in 1990

and 1996 she was removed from office by the President on charges of corruption

and later convinced. Returned to Pakistan in 2007 after 10 years in exile in United

Kingdom and Dubai to contest elections in January 2008, which she was widely

expected to win, but was killed by a suicide bomb in December 2007, her son and

widower took over as party-leaders and in 2008 Asif Ali Zardari was elected

president. She was daughter of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the former President and Prime

Minister, who was executed after the coup d’etat in 1979. Her three children were

born in 1988, 1989 and 1993. She lived (1953-2007).

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17.03.1990-10.01.1991 Kasimiera Prunskienė, Lithuania

Deputy Premier and Minister of Economy 1989-90 and one of the leaders of the

struggle for independence. She became leader of the government after the

declaration of independence at 11.3.90, which was internationally recognized at

6.9.91. In 1991 Chairperson of Democratic Party, and from 1995-2001 Chairperson

of Women’s Party, 1996-2000 Group Chairperson of the independent MP’s,

and Chairperson of the Peasants and New Democratic Parties Union 2001-04.

Presidential Candidate in 2002 and 2004 and Minister of Agriculture 2004-08. (b.

1945-).

20.03.1991-30.03.1996 Begum Khaleda Zia, Bangladesh

01.09.2001-29.10.2006

Vice-Chairperson of The Nationalist Party 1982-84 and Leader since 1984. Her

husband, President Zia-ur-Rahman, was Premier Minister 1976-77 and President

1977-81 until he was assassinated. Khaleda was detained seven times during nine

years of autocratic rule. In the face of mass upsurge spearheaded by the seven-

party alliance, led by Khaleda, and the eight-party combine, led by Sheik Hasina

Wajed, Ershad resigned in 1990 and handed over power to neutral caretaker

government, bringing an end to his nine-year autocratic rule. During her first tenure

as Premier she was also Minister of Defence, Establishment, Cabinet Diversion and

Planning, Information Energy and Resources. 1996-2001 Leader of the Opposition.

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Resigned in October 2006 to prepare for the elections later in the year, which was

postponed because of unrests. Her sons, Tareque Rahman and Arafat Rahman

Koko were arrested on corruption charges in March and April 2007, and In

September the same year she was herself charged with corruption and the military

supported care-taker government tried to pressure her into exile. The charges

against her was dropped in 2008. (b. 1945- )

15.05.1991-02.04.1992 Edith Cresson, France

Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, External 1981-83, Trade 1983-84,

Industry 1984-86, European Affairs 1988-90. She was European Union

Commissioner for Science, Research, Education and Youth 1995-99. In march 1999

she brought along the downfall of the EU-Commission as she refused the step down

after a rapport had demonstrated that she was responsible of nepotism and

mismanagement. (b. 1934-).

08.07.1992-26.10.1993 Hanna Suchocka, Poland

As Minister President she was also Vice-President of the National Security Council.

Member of Solidarity in 1980 and member of the Sejm 1982-85 and again 1989-

2002 for various parties. 1991-97 member of Committee for Foreign Affairs and the

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Constitutional Committee. Vice-President of the Council of Europe 1991-92. In 1994

she was co-founder of the new Freedom Union (UW, liberal and social democratic)

and member of it’s leadership. The following year she was candidate in the party’s

primary for Presidential candidate, 1997-2000 Minister of Justice and Procurator-

General. 1999 official Polish candidate for the office of the secretary general of the

Council of Europe. Since 2002 Ambassador to the Vatican. Unmarried. (b. 1946-).

10.07.1993-11.02.1994 Sylvie Kinigi, Burundi

By the time of her appointment as Premier she was Head of the Economic Planning

Office in the President’s Office. During the Civil War the President was killed and as

the highest ranking remaining official, she became Acting President (27.10.93-

5.2.94). After her resignation she left politics and joined the Burundi’s Commercial

Bank. (b. 1952-).

25.06.1993-07.03.1996 Tansu Çiller, Turkey

Assistant Professor 1974-83 and 1983-90 Professor of Economics at Bosphorus

University. Minister of State and Chief Economic Coordinator 1991-93, Deputy

Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs 1996-97. She was Deputy Chairperson

1990-93 and 1993-2002 Chairperson of DYP, The True Path Party. On 1.6.97

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Premier Minister Erbakan, leader of the Islamic Party resigned in order with the

purpose of her taking over as Premier, but President Demirel chose Meshut Yilmaz,

who managed to form a government among others because of defections from her

party. Mother of two children. (b. 1946-).

25.06.1993-04.11.1993 A. Kim Campbell, Canada

Executive Director, Office of British Columbia Premier 1985-86, Progressive

Conservative MP 1988-93, Minister of State (Indian Affairs and Northern

Development) 1989-90, Minister of Justice and Attorney-General 1990-93 and

Minister of Defence and Minister of Veteran Affairs in 1993. As Prime Minister, 1993,

she was also Minister responsible for Federal-Provincial Relations. She was leader

of the Progressive Conservative party, 13.06.1993-13.12.1993, resigning after the

party lost all but two seats in the House of Commons in the 1993 election in spite of

gaining about 16% of the vote. She became a lecturer at Harvard University and has

been Consul General of Canada in Los Angeles since 1996. Married with a

stepdaughter. (b. 1947-).

18.07.1993-07.05.1994 (†) Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Rwanda

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Minister of Education from 1992 till her appointment as Premier. On the 06.05 1994

the Hutu President Habyarimana was killed together with his Burundian colleague,

Cyprien Ntaryamira, when their plane was rocketed on its way to Kigali airport.

Agathe, a Hutu, was killed by the Tutsi Presidential guard together with her family

and 10 Belgian soldiers, the day before she was supposed to step down as Premier

Minister. The two killings sparked off the civil war and genocide of approximately 1

million Hutus and Tutsies. Mother of about 6 children. She lived (1953-94).

16.10.1994-25.01.1995 (Interim) Reneta Ivanova Indzhova, Bulgaria

Also known as Reneta Injova she was leader of an interim government consisting of

technocrats. Her Deputy Premier, Minister of Economy and Finance was Hristina

Vucheva. In 1995 she was mayoral candidate in Sofia, 2001 Presidential Candidate

and the same year she became Chairperson of the Democratic Alliance. (b. 1953-).

19.8.1994-14.11.1994 Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga, Sri Lanka

Chief Minister of the Western Province before becoming Prime Minister. After a few

months she became President, and later appointed her mother, Sirivamo

Bandaranaike, to her third term as Prime Minister. She was President 1994-2005.

(1945-).

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07.11.1995-27.02.1996 Claudette Werleigh, Haïti

An economist, she became Minister of Social Affairs 1990-91, Minister of Foreign

Affairs 1993-95 and was Executive Director of the Washington Office of Haiti 1993.

Later an UN official. (b. 1946- ),

23.06.1996-15.7.2001 Sheikh Hasina Wajed, Bangladesh

06.01.2009-

Her father, Prime Minister Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920-72-75), and most of her

family was killed during a military coup in 1975 when she and her sister were

abroard. Returned to Bangladesh in 1981, President of the Awami Leauge from

1981, Opposition Leader 1986-87 and 1991-96 and 2001-06. In 1983, she formed

the 15-party alliance to launch a movement to oust General Ershad from power and

was in and out of prison throughout the 1980s and was under house arrest a few

times. Her party, along with the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, led by Begum

Khaleda Zia, was instrumental in the movement against the military rule. 2007 she

was arrested on corruption and murder charges, but was allowed to go to USA for

medical treatment in 2007 though the military supported care-taker government tried

to pressure her into exile. Returned in November 2008 to lead her party in the

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election campaign, which her party won overwealmingly. Married to the nuclear

scientist Dr M. A. Wazed Miah and mother a son, Sajeeb Wazed Joy, and a

daughter, Saima Wazed Putul, who both lives in the USA. (b. 1947- ).

17.03.1997-22.12.1997 Janet Jagan, Guyana

As Premier Minister she also held the title of 1. Vice-President and she was Minister

of Mines. Her political career started in 1950 and she held many positions. In 1997

her husband, Dr. Cheddi Bharat Jagan, died, and she was chosen to replace the

Premier who succeeded Mr. Jagan as President. Janet was chosen as her party’s

candidate in the following Presidential elections, which she won. Afterwards she re-

appointed the former President to the post of Prime Minister after being sworn in as

President. She was born as Janet Rosenberg in Chicago and mother of two

children, and lived (1920-2009).

08.12.1997-10.12.1999 Jenny Shipley, New Zealand

Minister of Women’s Affairs 1990-98, Social Affairs 1990-93, Minister of Health

1993-96, Transport, State Services and State-Owned Enterprises, Accident

Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance 1996-97. As Premier she was also

Minister in charge of the New Zealand Security Intelligence Service. She ousted

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then Prime Minister Jim Bolger as leader of the National Party and after his

resignation she became leader of the government. 1999-2001 she was Leader of

the Opposition. Mother of two children. (b. 1952-).

31.08.1998-23.09.1998 (Acting) Anne Enger Lahnstein, Norway

Acting Premier during Kjell Magne Bondevik’s sick leave because of stress and

psychological problems. She was Deputy Leader 1983-91, Parliamentary Leader,

1989-91 and Leader of The Centre Party 1991-99. 1. Deputy to the Prime Minister

and Minister of Culture of the centre-right-government 1997-99, Vice Chairperson of

the Defence Committee of Stortinget 1999-2001 and Governor of Østfold since

2003. (b. 1950-).

Browse Ruwix, the portal dedicated to puzzle programs and tutorials.

03.05.1999-10/18.05.1999 (Acting) Irena Degutiené, Lithuania

27.10.1999-03.11.1999 (Acting)

Medical Doctor, 1994-97 Vice-Minister of Health and Minister of Labour and Social

Affairs 1997-2000, Deputy Speaker of the Seimas 2008-09 and from 2012 and

Speaker 2009-12. (b. 1949-).

https://ruwix.com/

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22.07.1999-30.07.1999 (Acting) Tuyaa Nyam-Osoryn, Mongolia

A former journalist and director in the Foreign Ministry, she was Minister of Foreign

Affairs 1998-2000 and appointed acting Premier after her predecessor’s resignation.

(b. 1958-).

10.12.1999-19.11.2008 Helen Clark, New Zealand

MP since 1981. Chairperson of the Foreign Affairs and Defence Select Committee

1984-87, Minister of Housing and Conservation 1987-89, Deputy Premier and

Minister of Labour and Health 1989-90, Deputy Leader of Labour and of the

Opposition 1990-93 and Leader of Labour 1993-2008 and Leader of the Opposition

1993-99. As Prime Minister she also held the Portfolio of Arts and Culture and

Security Intelligence Service and Ministerial Services and Acting Foreign Minister in

2008. Head of the United Nations Development Programme, UNDP from 2009. In

1981 she married Dr. Peter Davis. No children and Candidate for UN Secretary

General in 2016. (b. 1950-).

03.03.2001-04.11.2002 Mame Madior Boye, Sénégal

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Former assistant to the Attorney General of the Republic, judge and first vice

President of the Regional High Court in Dakar and former President of the Court of

Appeal in Dakar. Councillor to the Supreme Court of Appeal and Minister of Justice

and Keeper of the Seals in 2000-2001. In 2002 she took over as Minister of Defence

after the former incumbent resigned after almost 1.000 persons died in a ferry-

disaster. (b.1940-).

11.07.2002-31.07.2002 (Acting) Chang Sang, South Korea

Appointed Acting Prime Minister upon her designation, which was vetoed by the

parliament at the 30.7 and about one month later the parliament also rejected

President Kim Dae Jung’s nominee as her successor. She holds a doctorate in

philosophy from Princeton Theological College in the United States. She has been

President of Ewha Women’s University since 1996. (b. 1939-).

03.10.2002-16.07.2003 Maria das Neves Ceita Batista de Sousa, Republic of São

Tomé e Príncipe

23.07.2003-18.09.2004

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Maria das Neves worked as a civil servant in the Ministry of Finance and in the

African Development Bank. 1999-2001 Minister of Economics, Agriculture,

Fisheries, Commerce and Tourism, 2001-02 Minister of Finance and 2002 Minister

of Industry, Commerce and Tourism. On 16th of July 2003 she was detained during

a military coup d’etat but on the 23rd the government was reinstated. The following

year she was dismissed after aaccusations of corruption. Vice-President of the

National Assembly since 2010 and Presidential Candidate in 2011. (b. 1958-).

17.04.2003-24.06.2003 Anneli Jäätteenmäki, Finland

1991-94 and 1999-2000 Deputy Parliamentary Leader and since 2000 leader of

Suomen Keskusta/Centern i Finland, 1994-95 Minister of Justice. In 2003 Speaker

of the Parliament. On 18.06 she tendered in her resignation application after it was

revealed that she had used confidential material to aid her election campaign and

then lying about how she had got the documents. (b. 1955-).

28.06.2003-15.12.2003 Dr. Beatriz Merino Lucero, Peru

Senator 1990-92, Member of the Congress 1995-2000, Vice-Presidential Candidate

2000 and Superintendent of the National Tax Administration before becoming a very

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popular President of the Council of Ministers, until she was sacked by the extremely

unpopular President. (b. 1949-).

17.02.2004-16.01.2010 Luísa Días Diogo, Moçambique

Head of Department in the Ministry of Finance 1986-89, National Budget Director

1982-89 in Ministry of Planning and Finance, worked in World Bank 1993-94. 1994-

2000 Vice-Minister and Minister of Planning and Finance 2000-05. Mother of three

children. (b. 1958-).

12.05.2004-02.06.2004 (Acting)

18.11.2004-17.12.2004 (Acting) Radmila Sekerinska, Macedonia

As Vice-President of the Government and Minister without Portfolio for Euro-Atlantic

Integration 2002-06, she acted as Head of Government from the former Prime

Minister Crvenkovski’s Presidential inauguration until election of Kostov as new

Prime Minister. She already presided over government sessions and signed

documents since Crvenkovski became candidate for President, as he ‘renounced’

his Premiership during the campaign, but he never officially stepped down. In

November she was again appointed Acting Premier after her predecessor resigned,

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but lost the party internal election for the post of Prime Minister and Leader of the

Social Democratic Alliance of Macedonia (SDSM). Party Vice-President 1999-2006

and Leader 2006-08. (b. 1972-).

24.01.2005-08.09.2005 Yuliya Tymoshenko, Ukraine

18.12.2007-11.03.2010

Her name is also transcribed as Yulia Voldyrovna Timoshenkno. She is former Co-

Leader of the Hromda party, Director of United Energy System 1998-2000, In 2001

she was charged with corruption but later acquitted. Leader of the Fatherland’s

Party 2000/01-05 and of the Bloc Tymoshenko from 2005. In June 2006 a Coalition

deal was signed designating her as Prime Minister, but one of the parties broke out.

Narrowly defeated in the 2010-presidential elections and afterwards her coalition in

parliament broke up and she was defeated by a motion of no confidence. The

following year she was sentenced to seven years in prison in what is widely seen as

a political trial, but fried after the uprising in February 2014. (b. 1961-).

07.06.2005-21.05.2006 Maria do Carmo Trovoada Pires de Carvalho Silveira, São

Tomé e Princípe

Normally known as Maria do Carmo Silveira, she was governor of the National Bank

2002-05 and member of the Political Bureau of the Movement for the Liberation of

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Sao Tomé-Social Democratic Party, MLSTP-PSD. Also Minister of Finance from

2005. (b. 1961-).

03.05.2005-22.06.2005 (Acting) Cynthia A. Pratt, The Bahamas

Appointed Acting Prime Minister when the incumbent suffered a minor stroke and

stepped aside from his duties, but she has acted on a number of occasions before,

when he was abroad. She is also known as “Mother” Pratt. As Deputy Prime

Minister and Minister of Security 2002-07 she was in charge of the Defence Force

and Police. She was Opposition Whip Circa 1992-2000 and from circa 2000 Deputy

Leader of the Opposition and Deputy Leader of the Progressive Liberal Democratic

Part. A former nurse, she is mother of 6 children (b. 1945-).

22.11.2005- Angela Merkel, Germany

1990 Deputy Spokesperson of the Government of the DDR, 1990-98 Deputy

Chairperson of CDU, 1991-94 Federal Minister Women and Youth and 1994-98

Federal Minister of Environment, Protection of Nature and Reactor Safety, 1993-

2000 Chairperson of CDU in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, 1998-2000 Federal

Secretary General and since 2000 Federal Chairperson of CDU and 2002-05 also

Parliamentary Leader, Chairperson of the European Council and President of the

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Group of Eight, G-8 in 2007. Née Kasner and married secondly to Joachim Sauer,

no children. (b. 1954-).

30.03.2006-11.09.2007 Portia Simpson-Miller, Jamaica

05.01.2012- 03.03.2016 Since 1976 MP, 1976-82 Parliamentary Secretary of the

Prime Minister, Deputy President of People’s National Party 1978-2006 and

President from 2006. Minister of Labour, Social Welfare and Sports 1989-2000,

Candidate for the party leadership and Premiership in 1992, Minister of Tourism,

Entertainment, Sports and Women’s Affairs 2000-02 and Minister of Local

Government, Community Development and Sport 2002-06. Acting Prime Minister on

various occasions whenever the chief of government was out of the country. 2006-

2007 and from 2012 also Minister of Defence and a number of other portfolios.

Opposition Leader 2007-11. (b. 1946-).

19.04.2006-07.03.2007 Han Myung-sook, South Korea

During the years of the military dictatorship, she started her career as a social

activist in the South Korea Christian Academy and was a political prisoner 1979-81.

Master in Christian Theology and Women’s Studies and B.A. in French. MP from

2000. Minister of Gender Equality 2001-03 and Minister of Environment 2003-04

She resigned to run as candidate in the Uri-party internal primaries but soon after

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the party merged with other parties into the United New Democratic Party and

Chairperson of the Supreme Council of the Democratic United Party from 2012.

(1944-).

31.03.2008-14.09.2009 Zinaida Grecianîi, Moldova

Vice-Minister 2000-01 and First Vice-Minister of Finance 2001-02, Minister of

Finance 2002-05 and 1. Vice Prime Minister and Coordinator of the activity of

executive institution in charge with economic-financial sector from 2005. Following

the parliamentary elections in March she was put forward on two rounds of voting for

the post of President in May and June but got 60 votes, one short of the required

majority. The Communists lost the subsequent elections and she resigned to take

up her position as an MP. (b. 1956-).

31.07.2008-11.11.2009 Michèle Pierre-Louis, Haiti The third nominee by president

Preval since March, has been Executive Director of the Foundation of Knowledge

and Liberty since 1995. On 31.07 the Senate confirmed her nomination and she was

appointed to the post by the President and on 05.09 the two chambers had

approved her programme of government and list of ministers and she finally took

over the government. (b. 1947-).

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03.12.2008-05.12.2012 Antonella Mularoni, San Marino

As Secretary of Foreign and Political Affairs she also functions as Leader of the

Government even though the Captain Generals are both Heads of State and

Government. She was Political Secretary to the Minister of Finance 1986-87,

Director of the Office for relations with the associations of San Marino citizens living

abroad 1987-90, Deputy Permanent Representative to the Council of Europe, 1989-

90, Barrister and public notary in the Republic of San Marino 1991-2001, Member of

the General Grand Council 1993-2001 and again from 2008, and Judge of the

European Court of Human Rights 2001-08. (b. 1961-).

01.02.2009-23.05.2013 Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, Iceland Johanna Sigurdardsottir

was Deputy Chairperson of the Social Democrats 1984-93, Chairperson 1994-99 of

the National Revival Party until she rejoined the Social Democrats and became it’s

leader in 2009, Vice-President of the Lower Chamber 1979 and 1983-84 and Vice-

Chairperson of the the Alþing 2003-07, Minister of Social Affairs And Health 1987-91

and Minister of Social Affairs 1991-94 and 2007-09. First married to Þorvaldur

Steinar Jóhannesson with whom she has got sons, and is now married to the author

Jónína Leósdóttir, who is mother of 1 son. (b. 1942-)

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06.07.2009-23.12.2011 Jadranka Kosor, Croatia

Vice-President of the Sabor 1995-2000 and 2011, Deputy Chairperson of HDZ

1995-97, Party Leader 2009-12 and Leader of the Opposition 2011-12. Deputy

Prime Minister and Minister of War Weterans from 2003, Minister for Family and

Inter-Generation Solidarity 2003-08 and responsible for Foreign Policy and Human

Rights. Presidential Candidate 2005. (b. 1953-).

21.10.2009-13.11.2009 (Acting)

18.12.2009-20.12.2009 Cécile Manorohanta, Madagascar Cécile Marie Ange

Dominique Manorohanta was Vice-Minister of Education and Scientific Research

2007, Minister of Defence 2007-09 and Vice-Premier and Minister of Interior in

2009. As part of the power struggle she was in charge of the government from

October to November as the appointed Premier could not be sworn in and when he

was abroard in December, she again acted as his stand-in until he was dismissed

and she appointed as his successor, but herself replaced after 2 days.

26.05.2010-09.09.2015 Kamla Persad-Bissessar, Trinidad and Tobago Attorney

General (second in Cabinet) 1995-06 and 2001, Minister of Legal Affairs 1996-99

and 2001 and Minister of Education 1999-2001. First appointed acting premier on

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the absence of the Premier in September 2000. Leader of The United National

Congesss and Oppostion Leader 2006-07, 2010 and 2015, and Political Leader

from 2010. (b. 1952-)

22.06.2010-22.06.2011 Mari Kiviniemi, Finland

MP from 1991, Deputy Parliamentary Leader of the Center Party in 2003, Party

Vice-Chairperson 2003-08 and Party Chairperson 2010-12, Political Advisor of the

Prime Minister 2004-07, Minister of Foreign Trade and Development Aid and

Minister at the Prime Minister’s Office 2005-06 and Minister of Public Administration

and Local Government 2007-10. Mother of 2 children. (b. 1968-)

19.03.2011-28.07.2011 Rosario del Pilar Fernández Figueroa, Peru

Minister of Justice 2007-09 and again from 2010. Her official title is Presidenta del

Consejo de Ministros del Perú

24.06.2010-27.12.2013Julia Gillard, Australia MP from 1998, Manager of Opposition

Business in the House of Representatives 2003-06 and Deputy Leader of Labor

2006-10, Deputy Leader of the Opposition 2006-07 and Leader of Labour 2010-13,

Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Education, Employment and Workplace

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Relations and Social Inclusion from 2007-10. Her parents immigrated to Australia

from Wales. She lives with her partner and has no children. (b. 1961-).

08.07.2010-04.04.2012 Iveta Radičová, Slovakia Iveta Radicova is Professor of

Sociology and Political Sciences at the Comenius University in Bratislava, from 2005

Director of the Institute of Sociology at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2005-06

Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, MP from 2006 and Deputy Leader of the

Democratic and Christian Union–Democratic Party 2006-10 and Party Leader 2010-

12. Presidential Candidate for all the opposition parties in 2009 and finished second

in the second round of voting, and in 2010 the opposition 4-party coalition won the

elections, but lost 2 years later after the coalition broke down. Minister of Defence

from 2010 (b. 1956-).

04.04.2011-22.03.2012 Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé, Mali Mariam Sidibé was

Minister of Planning and International Cooperation 1991-92 and Minister of

Agriculture and Environment in 1992, Executive Secretary of the intergovernmental

Interstate Committee on the Fight Against Desertification in the Sahel 1993-2000,

Special Counselor to the President 2001-02, Minister of Rural Development in 2002

and President of the administrative council of Mali’s government Tobacco

corporation 2003-11. Deposed in a military coup together with the president. (b.

1948-).

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08.08.2011-07.05.2015 Yingluck Shinawatra, Thailand A former buisness woman

and main candidate for the Pheu Thai Party which won about 50% of the votes in

the parliamentary elections. Defence Minister 2013-14. She is a member of a walthy

family, her father, uncle and other family members were MPs her brother and

brother-in-law were Prime Ministers and her sister Mayor of Chiang Mai and very

influential in the party. In 2013 she won a parliamentary election, but the

Constitutional Court annuled the result and later ruled that she had to resign, as the

third Prime-Minister from the party forced to resign by the court. She is married to

businessman Anusorn Amornchat and mother of a son. (b. 1967-).

03.10.2011-28.06.2015 Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Denmark Social Democrat Member

of the European Parliament 1999-2004 and Member of the Parliament, Party

Chairperson 2005-15, Chairperson of the European Council, the rotating presidency

of the European Union, and 1. Deputy Chairperson of the Danish Parliament 2015-

16 and named CEO of Save the Children International in 2016. Married to Stephen

Kinnock and mother of two daughters. (b. 1966-)

10.02.2012-12.04.1212 (Acting) Adiatu Djaló Nandigna, Guinea Bissau

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Also known as Maria Adiatu Diallo Nandigna, she was Minister of Culture, Youth

and Sport 2007-08 and has been Second in Cabinet since 2008 and Minister of the

Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Social Communication and Parliament from

2009. Deposed in a military coup together with the Interim President between the

first and second round in the Presidential Elections. Appointed Defence Minister in

2015.

20.03.2013-18.09.2014 Alenka Bratušek, Slovenia Alenka Bratusek has been MP

from 2011 and Acting Leader of the Positive Slovenia party 2013-14. She is former

Head of the Directorate for the State Budget at the Ministry of Finance. Designate

Vice-President of the EU-Commission for Energy Union in 2014, but was rejected by

the European-Parliament. (b. 1970-)

13.06.2013-02.09.2013 Sibel Siber, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus MP

from 2009 in the self-declared state that comprises the northeastern part of the

island of Cyprus. Recognised only by Turkey. She received the hightest number of

votes in 2013 General Election and became Speaker of the Assembly, the

Cumhuriyet Meclisi. Presidential Candidate in 2015.

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10.07.2013-02.12.2015 Tatyana Turanskaya, Transnistria Earlier in 2013 she was

appointed Deputy Prime Minister with responsiblity for Regional Administration in

the self-declared and de facto independent Republic of Transnistria within the

territory of Moldova. (b. 1972-)

03.09.2013-04.07.2014 Aminata Touré, Sénégal Chair of the Electoral Campaign of

Landing Savané in 1993, worked in various international organisaitons among

others as head of the Human Rights Department of the UN Population Fond and

Director of the Cabinet of President Macky Sall 2010-12 and Minister of Juctice and

Third in the Cabinet 2012-13. (b. 1962-)

20.10.2013- Erna Solberg, Norway Deputy Leader of Høyre 2002-04 and Party

Leader from 2004, Minister of Local Government and Regional Development 2001-

05, Deputy to the Prime Minister 2004-05. Married to Sindre Finnes and mother of 2.

(b. 1961-)

22.01.14-11.02.2016 Laimdota Straujuma, Latvia 1999-2000 Deputy State

Secretary of Agriculture, 2000-06 State Secretary of Agriculture, 2007-10 State

Secretary of Regional Development, 2010-11 Deputy State Secretary Regional

Development and 2011-14 Minister of Agriculture. Joined the Unity Party after she

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was nominated as chief of the government by the party chair and President of the

Parliament Solvita Āboltiņa. (b. 1951-)

22.07.2014-02.04.2015 Ana Rosario Jara Velásquez, Peru 2011-14 Minister of

Women’s Promotion and Social Development, 2014 Minister of Labour and

Promotion of Employment and MP 2011. (b. 1968-)

22.09.2014- Ewa Kopacz, Poland Member of the Sejm 2001-2005 and from 2011 for

Platforma Obywatelsk, Minister of Health 2007-11 and Marshall of the Sejm from

2011. Widow of Marek Kopacz and mother of 1 daughter. (b. 1956-)

20.12.2014-16.01.2015 (Acting) Florence Duperval Guillaume, Haiti Minister of

Public Health and Population 2011-12 and from 2014

21.03.2015- Saara Kuugongelwa-Amadhila, Namibia Director-General of the

National Planning Commission 1997-2003 and Minister of Finance 2003-15. Married

to Onesmus Amadhila. (b. 1967-).

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22.06.2015-30.07.2015 (Acting) Natalia Gherman, Moldova

Deputy Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs and European Integration 2013-16,

she took over as Premier after the resignation of her predecessor. Deputy Foreign

Minister 2009-13, Ambassador to Austria, OSCE and other International

Organisations in Vienna 2002-06 and to Sweden, Norway and Finland 2006-09. She

is daughter of former President Mircea Snegur

27.08.2015-21.09.2015 (Interim) Vasiliki Thanou, Greece Vassiliki Thanou-

Christophilou is the senior judge as President of the Court of Cassation in 2015. She

was President of the Court of First Instance 1992-2015, President of the Appeals

Court 2005-15, judge in the Court of Cassation from 2008, Vice President of the

Court 201-15. Married and mother of 3 children. (b. 1950-).

13.10.2015-30.11.2015 (Acting) Maya Ivanovna Parnas, Transnistria (Self declared

Republic in Moldova)

02.12.2015-23.12.2015 (Acting) She was appointed Deputy Prime Minister for

Economic Development and Finance in 2012. First time she was acting for Tatjana

Turanskaja and second time during a vacancy on the post.

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16.11.2015- Beata Szydło, Poland Beata Szydlo was elected Mayor of Gmina

Brzeszcz in 2004 and MP in 2005 as well as Vice-President of the Law and Justice

party. Married to Edward Szydło and mother of 2 sons. (b. 1963-).

13.07.2016- Theresa May, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Conservative MP from 1997, Chairperson of the Conservative Party 2002-03, Home

Secretary 2010-16, Minister for Women and Equality 2010-12 and Leader of the

Conservative Party from 2016. Married to Philip May with no children. (b. 1956-).

29 June 2017- Ana Brnabic, Serbia Ana Brnabić;(Serbian Cyrillic;Ана Брнабић,

pronounced; born 28 September 1975) is Serbian;politician who has been the;

Prime Minister of Serbia;since 29 June 2017, becoming the first woman; and first

openly gay; person to hold the office.

17 September 2017– Mercedes Araacute;oz Fernaacute;ndez, Peru Mercedes

Rosalba Araacute;oz Fernaacute;ndez;(Lima, 5 August 1961) is a

Peruvian;economist professor politician; and the current Second Vice President of

Peru, as well as Prime Minister, since September 17, 2017. She served as Minister

of Foreign Trade and Tourism from 2006;to July 2009, after which she was

appointed Peru’s finance minister.

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108

CHAPTER 13

In Glenn Llopis 109 article 7 Ways Leaders Maintain Their Composure in

Difficult Times has argued that the composure of a leader is reflected in their

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attitude, body language. In his 21st century leader sees adversity through the lens of

opportunity. Rather than panic, a leader with composure takes a step back and

begins to connect the dots of opportunity within adverse circumstances. These

types of leaders quickly detect the causes of adversity and solve for them

immediately. They then enable the opportunities previously unseen that could have

avoided the adversity to begin with. Many times crisis results when composure is

missing.

A case in point OPPOSITION Leader the Hon. Mia Amor Mottley110 says111

that she has been “abused” over the years in her political life and no one came to

her defense. Her comments came during a Barbados Labour Party public meeting

held on Sunday night in Bank Hall where she addressed a large crowd on the topic

of leadership and the economic situation facing the island.

Mottley 112 told the party faithful that the DLP used comments made by

Member of Parliament for St. James Central Kerrie Symmonds against Prime

Minister Freundel Stuart as a distraction from the observations made by the Central

Bank Governor and the International Monetary Fund about Barbados’ dwindling

foreign reserves.

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MIA MOTTLEY: NO ONE DEFENDED ME Tue, 02/06/2018 - 12:00am Barbados1 111

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“The media113 who should be exhibiting in my view a larger responsibility in

guiding the people in this country, bought into the distraction of the DLP. I may not

have used the language of Kerrie – we all use different language. But that cannot be

more important than the substance of what Barbados is facing with the IMF and the

Central Bank governor speaking to us this week with our reserves down in the

bottom of the barrel where it is.”

According to the Opposition Leader, “I am not here to bash anybody. I respect

the Archbishop, I respect the Canon, I respect all that have spoken. But let us call a

spade a spade. I have been abused in this country more than any other public

official. I didn’t hear any of them come to my defense, and I didn’t ask for it, I didn’t

ask even the media to defend me.” “I have been abused at the foot of Parliament, I

have been abused in the corridors of the University of the West Indies I have had to

endure posts on lampposts but when the BLP, because we cannot get access to

CBC [Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation], put posts of our candidates on

lampposts then I hear nonsense from people, but nobody says anything when for

two years posters go on lampposts cursing and vilifying Mia Mottley.” “They want to

discuss standards of speech, I want to discuss standards of living in Barbados. They

want to discuss Codes of Conduct for politicians on the platform, I say we will

subject to it yes, we agree to Codes of Conduct for politicians on the platform. But

we also want to see Codes of Conduct for Ministers, and Ministers’ wives….”

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Mottley says she expects the abuse and allegations to continue, but assured

that “nothing can faze me”. “But I want you the people of St. Michael to know, I will

take any blow and I will take any lash and nothing shall deter me from your defence

because what matters is that you should be able to live in this country; what matters

is that you should be able to send your children to school….” “I would have expected

the media today Sunday would have been more focused on directing the country to

discuss the implications of where Barbados is at, how we will be able to find the

level of reserves to conduct the level of business.” Mottley gave the DLP

administration an “F” for its failure in managing the country, saying that Prime

Minister Stuart “does not understand that leadership is about making things

happen.” (JH)

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114

CHAPTER 14

The Leader of Her Majesty’s Opposition Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., on

receiving notification that she was declared winner of the Saint Michael North East

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Constituency said “ To115 God be the glory great things he has done My fellow

Bajans My fellow Bajans a very good morning to you let me first thank the Almighty

God for navigating us through these very difficult times these past few weeks but

above all else without a single incident we cannot take it for granted the conduct of a

peaceful and fair campaign must forever be a hall mark of Barbados this is what

Grantley Adams and the Barbados Labour Party fought for many years ago. And not

withstanding all of this we thank God for giving us Barbadians the will power to

survive and surmount several challenges and the distractions. Just before Dame

Billy, please come on stage I want to thank Barbadians for having the will power to

surmount the many distractions and the challenges that were placed before us over

the course of the last few weeks. Bajans chose to do what is best for Barbados I

thank you for that; the counting is still continuing and the General Secretary has

advised me that the chairman of the party and others are still at their respective

stations but we are conscious of the hour or the earliness of the morning and

therefore we want to be able to address you I have not yet spoken to Prime Minister

Stuart but I have heard Prime Minister Stuart116 concede just now on radio and I

thanked him for the concession and I thanked him for his service to Barbados.” Prime Minister Stuart 117 in his concession speech said that he “wish to

acknowledge the election 2018 is now virtually over and from the trend observed it is

115

Facebook video 2018-05-25 scontent.fbgi1-1fbcdn.net 116

Early Friday morning, after it became clear that the Democratic Labour Party (DLP) had been comprehensively whipped, DLP leader and former Prime Minister Freundel Stuart said he accepted “full responsibility for the defeat”.The Barbados Nation reported Stuart as saying that his party had put up a fight, but he conceded: “Those performances were not outstanding enough... http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/front-page/historic-b-dos-elects-first-female-pm-no-opposition-in-parliament_134217?profile=1373&template=MobileArticle 117

Facebook Video 2018-05-25 at 3.30 36 am

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clear that the Democratic Labour Party has suffered an overwhelming defeat. The

Barbados Labour Party has triumph outstandingly and therefore my very first duty is

to extend heart felt congratulations to the Barbados Labour Party on the impressive

victory which it is registered in the general election I want to assure the Party and

the Prime Minister designate that we carry the very best wishes of the Democratic

Labour Party and its membership into the future as they preside over the destiny of

Barbadians over the next Parliamentary term at the same time of course a duty

requires me to commensurate with fallen in the Democratic Labour Party it seems to

me that thirty candidates with which we put in the field I know that tonight or this

morning cannot be easy for them and for their families but when you going into

battle you go into battle to succeed but you can sometimes fail. And we have to

learn how to deal with both victory and defeat.”

As The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P. Prime Minister continue speaking

she categorically stated for the record that “people have spoken I want to thanked

you the people in particular the thousands who are here and the thousands who

were with us throughout this entire campaign because this victory is not mine this

victory is not the Labour Party’s this victory is the People of Barbados’ victory. This

truly has been the people’s campaign and I have said that to you as we started the

process four years ago rubbing shoulders and hosting the people‘s assembly and

this must be our legacy to the people of Barbados to give you back your government

and governance.

Forgive me, give me a few seconds to thank my parents my mother and my

father my brothers and my sister and my extended family this is not being an easy

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road for them and I am conscious of every single politician who is on this stage and

we heard Prime Minister Stuart referred tonight to families are collateral damage in

public life; and I therefore have to thank them for enduring much of what has

happened when we choose to offer public service. But I want to thank my campaign

manager Jerome Walcott , Jerome has been with me from day one in this term and

I know it has never been easy to walk aside and to manage here and to walk away

from elective politics and I say only elective politics because I can assure you he

has not walked away from government or politics but I thanked Jerome for keeping

one eleven Roebuck Street together at all times because I could not have the

freedom to work with you across the country on less he kept this one eleven

Roebuck Street stable and secure.

And I want to thanked two people I want to thank Mr. Hartley Henry who has

been with us since 2010 as a strategist; many of you may not know things dread; we

voting red. Hartley had the notion that this campaign must always be about the

people… allowed myself and him to have a bond that has worked wonderfully well to

the people of Barbados…. come Hartley thank you very much without him we could

not be here tonight;

and I want to thank Lucille Moe who has perfected the art of working till she

drops and who has been the mastermind of the entire ground campaign of the

Barbados Labour Party and indeed many other campaigns in the region thank you

Lucille…. and Lucille has been there as my campaign manager everyone since I991

when I entered elective politics;

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And I want to thank Dr.Clyde Mascoll, Clyde has been at my side policy wise

since 2007, we spend a weekend together in Washington and it was at that point

that we realized that we were kindred spirits on policy.

But Clyde has been able to anchor much of what we are doing and I thank him

for walking this journey with me”.

And I want to thank Pat Parris my Executive Assistant who has been there

along the way helping to carry a lot of what the nuts and bolts of making this thing

happen thank you very much Pat.

Forgive me this personal moment I first met Billy Miller118 when I was a school

child just before I did about fourteen fifteen years come Billy but the truth is the one

moment that stands in my memory was when I walked into her house the Saturday

when I got back my A Level results and she looked at me and shook her head; she

never stopped doing what she was doing over the kitchen sink and she said you did

exactly as what you said what you would do not good enough…. and Billy has since

then been a source of inspiration and a mentor for me in public life and I can think of

no more fitting time for me to thank her publicly for the last twenty nine years as a

member of this great political party. Hers has been an example of simply class and

dignity thank you. So my friends I also want to congratulate George Payne who is

not here my chairman and to thank George for the leadership that he has displayed

of this political party over of the course of the last two and a half years as its

chairman we could not walk this journey unless and we walked it as a united team

118

Dame Billy Miller Former Deputy Prime Minister BLP Stalwart

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and I thank George wherever you are in Saint Andrew tonight my brother I look

forward to seeing you in the very very near future and the next few hours. I want to

thank my members of Parliament I want to thank those who have been reelected but

I want to welcome to the House of Assembly those who have never serve in the

House of Assembly for them this has been a special journey and I say to you tonight

I have seen in my candidates a level of sacrifice and a level of commitment that has

made me proud to be their leader. Last night at Bay Street I said and I mean it

leading this team has been the privilege of my life. It is now for us to move forward

because the electioneering has stop as of yesterday.

The expressions of Barbados’ eighth Prime Minister Mia Amor Mottley

provided a Vision for the Barbadian populace.

On Friday May 25 2018, the Rt. Hon. Mia Amor Mottley, QC, Prime Minister

Designate 119 accepted true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II as she

was sworn in before the eighth Governor General, Dame Sandra Mason in the

presence of family, friends and party supporters at Government House.

What120 is stark and very interesting in this historic space Barbados’ eighth

Prime Minister is sworn in by Barbados’ eighth Governor General; they are both

females who shared the same alma mater and both of them are Lawyers.

119

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121

CHAPTER 15

ST. MICHAEL NORTH EAST CONSTITUENCY SNAPSHOT

St. Michael North East122

CONSTITUENCY SNAPSHOT

BACKGROUND

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Constituency was created and first contested in 1971.

Year of creation 1971

Polling Divisions 9

Registered Electors (2013) 8,087

Voter Turnout (2013) 63.05%

Incumbent Mia MOTTLEY (BLP)

2013 RESULTS

Candidate Party Votes %

MOTTLEY, M. BLP 3,495 68.91%

INNISS, P. DLP 1,577 31.09%

ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES

Year Winner Party % Votes Notes

1971 Gertrude L. EASTMOND Democratic Labour Party 51.99% First time seat contested

1976 L. Leroy SISNETT Barbados Labour Party 56.83% BLP gain

1981 L. Leroy SISNETT Barbados Labour Party 54.26% BLP hold

1986 Leroy L. BRATHWAITE Democratic Labour Party 61.45% DLP gain

1991 Leroy L. BRATHWAITE Democratic Labour Party 49.61% DLP hold

1994 Mia A. MOTTLEY Barbados Labour Party 59.47% BLP gain

1999 Mia A. MOTTLEY Barbados Labour Party 79.69% BLP hold




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VOTING TRENDS

CONSTITUENCY TIMELINE

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Thurs

day

21

Feb

2013

Candidate Party Total Votes % votes

MIA A. MOTTLEY BLP 3,495 68.91%

Patricia I. Inniss DLP 1,577 31.09%

Tues

day

15

Jan

2008



Patricia I. Inniss DLP 1,665 33.40%

Wedne

sday

21 May

2003



Hermon O. Lowe DLP 938 20.12%

Wedne

sday

20 Jan

1999



Leroy H. McClean DLP 865 20.31%

Tues

day



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6

Sep

1994

John E.M.C. Maxwell NDP 368 8.93%

Leroy Mc Clean DLP 1,302 31.60%

Tues

day

22

Jan

1991


LEROY L. BRATHWAITE DLP 1,767 49.61%

Mia A. Mottley BLP 1,580 44.36%

Harold A. Eastmond NDP 215 6.04%

Frid

ay

28

Mar

198

6


LEROY L. BRATHWAITE DLP 2,533 61.45%

Laurisford L. Sisnett BLP 1,549 37.58%

Gordon R. Parris WPB 40 0.97%

Thurs

day

18

Jun

1981


L. LEROY SISNETT BLP 2,049 54.26%

Leroy L. Brathwaite DLP 1,727 45.74%

Thurs Candidate Party Total Votes % votes

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day

2 Sep

1976

L. LEROY SISNETT BLP 3,012 56.83%

A. Phillips DLP 2,043 38.55%

G.L. Eastmond IND 169 3.19%

C.F. Hackett IND 61 1.15%

R.K. Welch PPA 15 0.28%

Thurs

day

9 Sep

1971


GERTUDE L. EASTMOND DLP 2,803 51.99%

G. Rocheford BLP 2,478 45.97%

C. Hackett IND 110 2.04%

POLLING STATIONS (2013)

Polling Division Areas

KA1 Eunic Gibson (Warrens) Polyclinic

KA2 Church of God, Jackson Tenantry Road

KA3 St. Matthew's Primary School

KA4 St. Matthew's Primary School

KA5 Church of God, Jackson Tenantry Road

KB1 White Hall Methodist Church

KB2 Deeper Life Christian Ministries

KC1 Assembly Hall, Bush Hall

KC2 Assembly Hall, Bush Hall

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From the junction of Spooners Hill with Accommodation Road123 in a south

easterly, easterly and south easterly direction along the middle of Accommodation

Road to its junction with 2nd Avenue Promenade Road; thence along the middle of

2nd Avenue Promenade Road to its junction with Military Road;

Thence in a south easterly direction along the middle of Military Road to its

junction with Highway 2 (the Bank Hall Main Road); thence in a north easterly

direction along the middle of Highway 2 to its junction with Waterford Cross Road;

Thence in an easterly direction along the middle of Waterford Cross Road to

its junction with Highway 3 (the Station Hill-Dayrells Hill Road); thence in a northerly

direction along the middle of Highway 3 to its junction with Cole Hole at Bourne’s

Village;

Thence in a northerly direction along this road to the culvert where it crosses a

gully; thence along this gully in a south westerly, north westerly and north easterly

direction to a point opposite Applewhaites Tenantry Road,

Thence along the line joining this point to the road junction and in a north

westerly direction along Applewhaites Tenantry Road to its junction with a public

road called Highway E (the Hothersal Turning-Bibbys Lane Road); thence in a south

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westerly direction along the middle of Highway 124 E to its junction with the

Canewood-Jackson Road;

Thence in a westerly direction along the middle of Canewood-Jackson Road

to its junction with Highway 2 (Jackson-Spooners Hill Road);

Thence in a southerly direction along the middle of Jackson-Spooners Hill

Road to its junction with 4th Avenue Green Hill Road;

thence in a north westerly direction along the middle of 4th Avenue Green Hill

Road to its junction with 2nd Avenue Green Hill Road; thence in a southerly

direction along 2nd Avenue Green Hill Road to its junction with Johnson Land

Tenantry Road;

Thence in a northerly and south westerly direction along the middle of

Johnson Land Tenantry Road to its junction with Whitehall Tenantry Road;

Thence in a westerly direction along the middle of Whitehall Tenantry Road to

its junction with Whitehall No.1 Road; thence in a south westerly direction along the

middle of Whitehall No. 1 Road to its junction with Whitehall-Cave Hill Road;

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Thence in a north westerly direction along the middle of Whitehall-Cave125 Hill

Road to a point north of the flight of steps terminating in Rockhampton Road; then

along this flight of steps to Rockhampton Road;

Thence in an easterly and then southerly direction along the middle of

Rockhampton Road to its junction with Brecon Road; thence in an easterly direction

along the middle of Brecon Road to its junction with Long Gap;

Thence in an easterly direction along the middle of Long Gap to its junction

with the Spooners Hill Road; thence in a southerly direction along the middle of

Spooners Hill Road to its junction with Accommodation Road (the starting point).

A long line of supporters 126 waited to meet the opposition leader and St

Michael North East candidate Mia Mottley. She says she will not be distracted by

her critics.

But Democratic Labour Party candidate for St. Michael North East, Patrick

Todd is confident that he can unseat opposition leader and sitting M.P. Mia Mottley

in the general election.

He says although the constituency has been perceived as a stronghold of the

Barbados Labour Party over the last few elections, he says this has not always been 125

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the case. Mr Todd was speaking at the DLP's official campaign launch, held in St

Michael North127. While admitting he has only been canvassing for a few months,

the DLP candidate says constituents have been responding positively.

128

Mia Amor Mottley has truly made Barbados' 2018 General Election one for the

history books. The Leader of the Barbados Labour Party129 (BLP) is the first ever

female Prime Minister Designate for the Government of Barbados. Another first for

her is that fact that she won her constituency - St. Michael North East with more

than 4 000 votes. And she along with her team of 29, painted the entire country red

from St. Lucy in the North to St. Michael in the South and St. James in the West to

St. John in the East. But she gave the biggest win over to Barbadians saying, "I

127

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want to thank you the people in particular. This victory is not mine, This victory is not

the Labour Party." She said that this victory belongs to the people of Barbados

Robyn 'Rihanna' Fenty130 has not forgotten to shower Barbados' eighth Prime

Minister Mia Mottley with many congratulations following her landslide victory in the

2018 General Elections.

Previously, Rihanna had said on one of her friend's Instagram that Mottley

deserved the title and post ahead of the elections and historic result on the morning

of May 25, 2018. Her comment for many was seen as a nod or endorsement.

Besides being female, the most powerful women in Barbados131 shared a

common foundation.

Barbados’ first female Prime Minister Mia Mottley, Barbados’ second female

Governor General Dame Sandra Mason, and the Director of Public Prosecutions

Donna Babb-Agard all attended the same secondary school – Queen’s College.

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132

132

Social Media WhatsApp

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133

133

Sketched by Author Media Arts Specialist William Anderson Gittens

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Preliminary results134 Party

135 Votes % +/– Seats +/–

Barbados Labour Party 111,968 74.58 +26.35 30 +16

Democratic Labour Party

33,985 22.64 –28.67 0 –16

Solutions Barbados 4,188 2.79 – 0 New

United Progressive Party

1,965 1.31 – 0 New

Coalition of United Parties

580 0.39 +0.28 0 0

Independents 1,059 0.71 +0.35 0 0

Total 150,141 100 – 30 0

Registered voters/turnout

255,833 60.00 –2.02 – –

Source: Caribbean Elections

Leader136

Mia Mottley Freundel Stuart

Party Barbados Labour Democratic Labour

Leader since 26 February 2013 23 October 2010

Leader's seat St. Michael North East St. Michael South (defeated)

Last election 14 seats, 48.2% 16 seats, 51.3%

Seats won 30 0

Seat change 16 16

Popular vote 111,968 33,985

Percentage 74.6% 22.6%

Swing 26.4% 28.7%

Bishop Gerry Seale137 Presiding Bishop of the District PAWI said “Isaiah 57 versus 15 God said I will live in the high and holy place with those whose spirits are contrite and humble we need leaders who live in the high and holy place with God. Please don’t take that for granted; a second piece of advice; I would like to give to you to live and serve with integrity. If you have come for a piece of the fatted calf may I suggest you are at the wrong table..If you have come to feather your nest may I suggest you are plucking the wrong chicken amen. I promise you if that is what you are doing I will pray as I have done in the past with many others across this country that God would exposed you strip you and bring you down and I promise you faithfully that I will do that .. This is not time to rob the treasury in fact in Isaiah 61 verse 8. Let me quote Isaiah 61 verses 8 I the Lord love justice I hate robbery and wrong doing. Please take the word of God seriously live and serve with truth and understanding." Bishop Gerry Seale made this presentation before Prime Minister The Honorable Mia Amor Mottley QC MP, her Cabinet, Specially invited dignitaries and many Barbadians. The Prime Minister also assured Barbadians that she will demand transparency and accountability.

134

Barbados Election Centre Caribbean Elections 135

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbadian_general_election,_2018 136

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbadian_general_election,_2018 137

Barbados Government Information Service http://www.gisbarbados.gov.bb

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbados_Labour_Party

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Labour_Party_(Barbados)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politician

http://www.caribbeanelections.com/bb/elections/bb_results_2018.asp

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mia_Mottley

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freundel_Stuart

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbados_Labour_Party


http://www.caribbeanelections.com/bb/elections/bb_results_2018.asp

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138

139

CHAPTER 16

PERSONAL REFLECTIONS

I would like to bring this CHAPTER to a close with this excerpt from Rev. Dr.

Martin Luther King Jr., I Have a Dream, 1963 Speech140.. “I have a dream that one

138



http://www.mlkonline.net/quotes.html

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day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these

truths to be self-evident: that all people are created equal." 141.

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s speech should act as a motivator and a

reminder that all People are created equal’ and if given a chance they will perform

the role that their creator has predestined them.

The underpinning of this conversation also highlighted identities such as class,

colour, gender, hierarchy, ownership and race. These identities characterize and

influence the populace and The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., Prime Minister’s

way of life.

In this setting, we have observed that May 24th, 2018 is now a historic day in

Barbados, Mia Amor Mottley, political leader of the Barbados Labour Party (BLP),

was elected as the first female Prime Minister. The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.

M.P. Prime Minister is just a conduit who was designed by the Creator to share her

skills, with the populace because she is a leader in her space.” 142

Further, it is important to note that the evidence is overwhelming that The Hon.

Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. is Barbados 8th Prime Minister and she highlighted in this

text as Mia The Leader. The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. is definitely analytical,

critical, observer, she questions, she investigates, and analyzes. Therefore her

tenacity will empower her as Barbados’ first female Prime Minister and to make the

141

http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf '(1 HAVE A DREAM ..." (Copyright 1963, Martin Luther

King Jr.) Speech by the Rev. Martin Luther KING At the "March in Washington"

142 Woodward, Jeannette A. Writing Research Papers: Investigating Resources In

Cyberspace. (Lincolnwood Chicago: NTC Publishing Group, 1997). p.7.

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kind of significant contributions she has and will continue to execute in her space.”

143

Consequently, I concur with Nelson Mandela144 when he said that “The time

for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that

divide us has come and the time to build is upon us as a people” should be our

purpose.

Moreover, this excerpt of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech “that all

people are created equal” certainly framed, solidified, validated and contextualizes

this discourse Mia The Leader Volume 1 for the following reasons(a) in this context,

major changes occurred within the global village (b) Has made provision which

allowed The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley to be a Leader and (c) It allowed Barbados to

have its first female Prime Minister. In addition, The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.

M.P. claimed that her hard-fought victory, and making the victory was not just about

her, but the people. Mia’s Amor Mottley election was not historic simply because she

is a woman and had been elected Prime Minister, but “because145 people have

claimed their future with an interactive mode of governance and that is what we shall

give you.” Moreover, The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P. Prime Minister choose

to consistently live and work in a manner that exemplified her values which she

believes in; she invariably will inspire her the Barbadian populace just like Ghandi.

143 Woodward, Jeannette A. Writing Research Papers: Investigating Resources In Cyberspace. (Lincolnwood Chicago: NTC

Publishing Group, 1997). p.7. 144

Inaugural Speech, Pretoria [Mandela]- 5/10/94Subject: Nelson Mandela's inaugural speech - Pretoria May 10 From:

[email protected] (tim jenkin) Date: Wed, 11 May 1994 13:37:00 040 The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P.0http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Inaugural_Speech_17984.html 145

http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Inaugural_Speech_17984.html

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In light of all of the above The Hon Mia Amor Mottley QC MP Prime Minister

has a quest to succeed as a leader in this patriarchal society, in this post

modernity146 space hence impacting the human culture, institutions, and politics

(Berman 2010, 15–36). Finally Mia Amor Mottley Q. C. M. P., exhibits what Mark

Shead147 describes as characteristics of leadership namely-Clarity, Decisiveness,

Courage, Boldness, Passion and Humility.

Congratulations! The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C.,M.P., Prime Minister your

name is now etched in the annals of history and recorded as Barbados’ first Female

Prime Minister.

Former Prime Minister Owen Arthur148 has congratulated the Mia Mottley-led

Barbados Labour Party (BLP) on its overwhelming victory at the polls on Thursday.

In a brief statement to Barbados TODAY, Arthur, who quit the BLP back in

2014 after leading it for 14 years, said: “I offer the Barbados Labour Party

congratulations and I wish them and the country good luck and good fortune”.

The BLP took all 30 seats at stake in the May 24 general election in which the

Freundel Stuart administration was swept from power.

The U.S. State Department 149 issued a statement commending Mottley’s

“stated intent to address fiscal transparency” and saying the United States looked

forward to working with Barbados to enhance economic partnerships and private

sector investment. 146



https://barbadostoday.bb/2018/05/25/arthur-congratulates-mottley/ 149

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-barbados-election/barbados-elects-first-female-pm-in-opposition-landslide-idUSKCN1IQ1N3


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CHAPTER 17

CONCLUSION

Congratulations to The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C. M.P., Prime Minister of

Barbados; your name is now etched in the annals of history as Barbados’ first

Female Prime Minister.

The information documented in this text has validated and solidified the fact

that The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P., Prime Minister as Mia The Leader

Vol.1.

Moreover, Through the Lens of an Author and a Media Arts Specialist150 it

appears that Barbados’151, society152 has been built along matriarchal lines where

the female in most cases is the head of the household. In this dispensation, it

appears that Barbados is slowly moving from an economic patriarchal society153

especially since 36 women and 98 men154 contested the 2018 election. For the first

time, two political parties, namely-Barbados Labour Party155 and United Progressive

Party156, were led by women, while Solutions Barbados, Democratic Labour Party

and BIM/CUP comprised of three women while two Female Independent Candidates

participated in Barbados’ election.

150

William Anderson Gittens Author Media Arts Specialist 151

https://barbadostoday.bb/2018/04/27/powering-change-women-in-innovation-and-creativity/ 152

World Intellectual Property Office Francis Curry 153

There are 36 women and 98 men contesting the 2018 election. For the first time, two political parties, the BLP and UPP are being led in an election by women. 154

http://www.caribbeanelections.com/bb/elections/bb_results_2018.asp 155

Barbados Labour Party 156

United Progressive Party

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This nuance can be interpreted through my lens that the same is surely

becoming a matriarchal157 society. A case in point ‘women outnumber men, they

make up most of the work force, and they own most of the homes158Importantly,

women159 are responsible for shaping the history of Barbados’ society. For example,

Barbadian women, are innovative and creative and not by choice but out of

necessity and they are able to find effective solutions to continue to build and grow

our society. As a consequence, the empowerment for women is an economic

benefit for the society as a whole.

The Hon. Mia Amor Mottley Q.C., M.P., Prime Minister’s political decision-

making is vital at this time especially in the context of Equality 160 , as she

underscores the advancement of women, as well as the populace’s fair

representation and views in Barbados locally, regionally and internationally.

In addition, identities such as race, class, gender, status, religion and ethnicity

would have influenced her during her journey as she performed her assigned task

as a Mia the Leader in this global village and therefore may have had some impact

upon Mottley's Barbados Labour Party taking all seats in the 30-member

legislature161, a first for the small Caribbean island's Parliament.

157

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230508163_3 158

Barbados Advocate, 6 March 1996 159

World Intellectual Property Office Francis Curry 160

http://thecommonwealth.org/sites/default/files/inline/P14766_SGO_Public_Sector_Mgment_11WAMM-E-copy.pdf 161

http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/front-page/historic-b-dos-elects-first-female-pm-no-opposition-in-parliament_134217?profile=1373&template=MobileArticle

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The Hon Mia Amor Mottley QC MP has a quest to succeed as a leader in this

patriarchal society, and in this post modernity 162 space impacting the human

culture, institutions, and politics (Berman 2010, 15–36).

Finally, Mia Amor Mottley exhibits what Mark Shead 163 describes as

characteristics of leadership namely-Clarity, Decisiveness, Courage, Boldness,

Passion and Humility. Moreover, Mia Amor Mottley states that “I feel that

leadership164 is something that we do at every level, of the society, in families, in

communities, in churches even liming; you see when people liming there is got to be

one person determining where they are going to. That happens naturally, some

people have instincts of leadership and some don’t. But I would not describe myself

as power hungry. And I pray every day to remain humble, discernment, to be

empathetic and to be tolerant and those things mean a lot to me.

Overall, May 25th, 2018 The Honourable Mia Amor Mottley, Q.C, M.P., Prime

Minister’s name is now etched in the annals of history as Barbados’ first Female

Prime Minister. What165 is also stark and very interesting reality in this historic space

Barbados’ eighth Prime Minister is sworn in by Barbados’ eighth Governor General;

both are iconic females who attended the same alma mater and both them are legal

practitioners.

162



The Hon Mia Amor Mottley QC MP Prime Minister 165



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WAY OF LIFE

Developing and growing in the context of excellence, professionalism and

quality in Multimedia Media Arts Services is what we do best.

About The Author

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Magnola and William are married

Children Lisa Gittens and Laron Gittens

2017 Codrington College Estate Committee Trailer

2017 Produced a Centennial Documentary & Murals - Carrington Wesleyan

Holiness Church

2015 CEO/Managing Director Consultant Devgro Media Arts Services

2011Project Manager Thorsby

EDUCATION:

2004-2006 Post Masters works in Cultural Studies at the University of the

West Indies Cave Hill Campus

2002 Management Course BIMAP

1995 Bachelors of Arts in Media Arts Jersey City State University-special

concentration pre and postproduction 1992 General Education Diploma

(U.S.A.)

1992 pursued the Diploma Video Production at the Barbados Community

College.

1991 Diploma in Communication Arts at the University of the West Indies the

course concentrated primarily upon public speaking; Journalism techniques,

Writing and speaking; Audio and video production, and the legal aspect of

journalism.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:

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2015 CEO, Managing Director, Consultant, 12th January 2015, Devgro Media

Arts Services was registered in the Register of Business Names under No.

54463 and a Member of Small Business Association # 20912 Devgro Media

Arts Services

We will develop and grow in what we do best in this Global Space in the

context of Excellence, Professionalism and Quality in the production of

Multimedia PowerPoint Presentations for - Anniversaries, Birthdays,

Conference Planning, Consultancy Services, Documentaries, Funerals,

Graduations, Publishing and Weddings .. July 4-8 2011 Coordinator 47th

Caribbean Food Crops Society Conference Managing a budget of BDS.

$200.000.00 dollars as well as managing the logistical aspect of the

conference, networking information to international delegates, soliciting

sponsorship, coordination 12 subcommittees, drafting the president’s speech,

Liaising with the following; the Chief Immigration Officer requesting the

waiving of visas for international delegates from Haiti, Chief Protocol Officer

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade regarding seating of diplomats

and specially invited guests. Ministry of Health, requesting information of the

countries that will require vaccinations to facilitate their at Conference; CEO at

Grantley Adams International Airport Incorporated requesting passes for

Liaison Officers and Transportation Officers in facilitating delegates. The

Commissioner of Police requesting Police Officers to provide security and to

serve on the Protocol Committee for the conference. Managed a budget of

BDS$110,489.91the 21st Conference of the World Organisation for Animal

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Health (OIE) Regional Commission for the Americas held in Barbados

November 26-29, 2012 at two hundred and forty-three thousand six hundred

dollars (BDS$110,489.91) Barbados dollars;

AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER:

October 2000 Author and Publisher of Educational/Historical Children

Books

1. Images of Yesteryear in Barbados volume 1 ,

2. Images of Yesteryear in Barbados volume 2,

3. Building for the Future Vol1,

4. Colour Me Vol1,

5. Mise en scene Vol1,

6. Land Marks Vol1,

7. Technique Demonstration Vol1,

8. Established in Barbados Vol 1

9. Monuments Vol1

10. Focus Vol1

11. People Vol 1

12. People Vol2

13. People of Conversation Vol1.

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14. Have You Considered This Approach? Vol.1

15. Is There Anything New Under The Sun? Vol.1

16. The Children of Immigrants Vol.1

17. Barbados In Review Vol.1

18. 13.75 Vol.1

19. The Conversation Vol.1

20. Expressions Of A Century

21. The Optics Vol.1

22. The Launch Vol.1

23. Our Matriarch Vol.1

24. To Classic Or Not To Classic Vol.1

25. A Singular Island Vol.1

26. Relics Vol.1

27. Through The Lens of a Media Arts Specialist Vol1

28. Excerpts from Icons Vol.1

29. It’s the Lens Vol.1

30. Profiles Vol.1

31. Mia-The leader Vol.1

Editor In Chief 1992-1994 -Duties included setting up meetings to

discuss tender proposals. With prospective tenders of publishing firms and -

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photography firms for selection. Managed a staff of ten students; managed a

budget of $35,000.00 to $50,000.00 in U.S. currency pages, laying out pages

press ready. Taking photographs of students and activities on campus

1992- 1994 -Member of the Judicial Committee Jersey City State

University Duties included listening to student's complaints that contravened

the institutions 'regulations.

1990 ~ 1991 Seconded to the Faculty of Education, University of the

West Indies Cave Hill Campus. Duties included preparing workshops for

CARNEID and UNESCO. Teaching graphic arts, video and still photography to

teachers in the Dip Ed Programme and Masters programme Graphic Artist-

1990 -1991 Technical Assistant- Ministry of Education, Youth Affairs and

Sports Audio Visual Aids Department. Duties-processing black and white,

colour film and Transparencies slide, graphic arts and illustrations.

1983-1988 1 Official Composite Artists of The Royal Barbados Police

Force Duties included -sketching composites of suspects, stolen items jewelry

from written information, Intelligence unit, Crime prevention Unit and Special

branch

1989 –2005 Freelance Photojournalist –Caribbean Broadcasting

Corporation Duties - field assignments, live broadcast, and shell umbra cup

football Jazz festival, Arial photography

1978-1979 Supervisor at Barbados Knitting and Spinning

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1972-2015 Member of the Barbados Regiment and the Barbados Boys

Scouts Association

HONORS AND AWARDS

➢ Inducted in the Hall of Professionals of St.Giles Primary

➢ Recipient of the 12th International Prestigious Scout Award Arco Italy

➢ Presented to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of England for

outstanding contributions in the field of art.

➢ Presented to His Excellency Governor General Sir Hugh Springer for

outstanding contributions in the field of art and Scouting in Barbados.

➢ Received Special accreditation from Hackney England International

Art Exhibition.

➢ Designer of postage stamps commemorating 60 years of scouting in

Barbados

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WORKS CITED

Sketched by Gittens Anderson William Author Media Arts Specialist

https://barbadostoday.bb/2018/04/27/powering-change-women-in-innovation-and-

creativity/

https://link.springer.com/CHAPTER/10.1057/9780230508163_3

http://thecommonwealth.org/sites/default/files/inline/P14766_SGO_Public_Sector_M

gment_11WAMM-E-copy.pdf


http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf '(1 HAVE A DREAM ..."

(Copyright 1963, M.artin Luther King Jr.) Speech by the Rev. Martin Luther KING At

the "March in Washington"


https://www.behindthename.com/name/mia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernity

http://blog.readytomanage.com/what-constitutes-leadership-effectiveness/

https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/08944310510557459

https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_41.htm

1 The Time 100, Leaders and Revolutionaries (www.time.com)

What Makes A Great Leader (www.pastors.com)

The Blitz: London's Longest Night (www.pbs.org)

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https://www.worldwidelearn.com/business-career/article/leadership-necessary-skill-

in-todays-business-world.html


https://www.crosswalk.com/family/parenting/help-kids-become-leaders-

1295409.html


1295409.html

https://wikivividly.com/wiki/Mia_Mottley


1295409.html


https://hbr.org/2004/01/managers-and-leaders-are-they-different



http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/barbados/constitution-politics

Roberts Carol interviewed Mia Amor Mottley live on Facebook live on May 21 2018

https://www.thebalancecareers.com/what-is-a-leader-2275811

https://www.worldwidelearn.com/business-career/article/leadership-necessary-skill-

in-todays-business-world.html



https://siyli.org/resources/what-is-leadership-and-what-makes-a-good-leader


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The National Social Responsibility Levy is a tax imposed on goods imported into

Barbados and on domestically manufactured goods.



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mia_Mottley

"Inter-American Dialogue | Mia Amor Mottely". www.thedialogue.org. Retrieved

2017-04-12.




https://guide2womenleaders.com/premier_ministers-htm

https://www.forbes.com/sites/glennllopis/2014/01/20/7-ways-leaders-maintain-their-

composure-in-difficult-times/#1ddc59272157

MIA MOTTLEY: NO ONE DEFENDED ME Tue, 02/06/2018 - 12:00am Barbados1

https://www.barbadosadvocate.com/


Facebook video 2018-05-25 scontent.fbgi1-1fbcdn.net

Early Friday morning, after it became clear that the Democratic Labour Party (DLP)

had been comprehensively whipped, DLP leader and former Prime Minister

Freundel Stuart said he accepted “full responsibility for the defeat”.The Barbados

Nation reported Stuart as saying that his party had put up a fight, but he conceded:

“Those performances were not outstanding enough...




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http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/front-page/historic-b-dos-elects-first-female-pm-no-

opposition-in-parliament_134217?profile=1373&template=MobileArticle

Facebook Video 2018-05-25 at 3.30 36 am

https://www.facebook.com/gisbarbados/videos/952677528230393/?notif_id=152726

6052339332&notif_t=live_video_explicit


http://www.cbc.bb/index.php/cbc-radio/obituary/obituaries-k-o/item/4772-record-

number-of-candidates-and-parties


http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf '(1 HAVE A DREAM ..."

(Copyright 1963, Martin Luther King Jr.) Speech by the Rev. Martin Luther KING At

the "March in Washington"

Inaugural Speech, Pretoria [Mandela]- 5/10/94Subject: Nelson Mandela's inaugural

speech - Pretoria May 10 From: [email protected] (tim jenkin) Date: Wed, 11

May 1994 13:37:00

0400http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Inaugural_Speech_17984.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernity


http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/front-page/historic-b-dos-elects-first-female-pm-no-

opposition-in-parliament_134217?profile=1373&template=MobileArticle


World Intellectual Property Office Francis Curry

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Woodward, Jeannette A. Writing Research Papers: Investigating Resources In

Cyberspace. (Lincolnwood Chicago: NTC Publishing Group, 1997). p.7.

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Published by Devgro Media Arts Services

Printed by Massy Technologies InfoCom (Barbados) Ltd.

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