Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
-
Upload
caldwell-morton -
Category
Documents
-
view
78 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
WilhelmWilhelm Conrad Conrad RoentgenRoentgen
1845-1923
His X-rays changed medicine & technology
StructureStructure
BiographyBiographyX-raysX-raysDomainsDomainsHistorical eventsHistorical eventsInterview with RoentgenInterview with Roentgen
The First X-ray picture
BiographyBiographyYouthYouthStudyStudyWork areaWork area
YouthYouth27th March 1845:
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was born in Lennep (Remscheid)
1861-1863:He visited the technical school in Utrecht;
He left without school leaving examination
StudyStudy1865-1868: Entrance exam instead of school leaving examination; Study of mechanical engineering in Zurich1868: Diploma as a mechanical engineer; After that: study of physics
Work areaWork area
Roentgen‘s labour
1870: Publication of „Annalen of Physics and Chemistry“8th November 1895: Roentgen discovered the X-rays22nd November 1895: First X-ray pictures28th December 1895: Manuscript „A new kind of rays“ ("Eine neue Art von Strahlen"); Roentgen pointed to the medicine use at the publication; The deadly side effects of the X-rays were unknown for a long time1st April 1900: Roentgen got the professorship at University Munich 10th December 1901: Awarding of the Nobel Prize of Physics1st April 1920: Roentgen was retired in Munich10th February 1923: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen died in Munich
The X-RAYSThe X-RAYS
Pure researchPure researchThe „X-rays“The „X-rays“Applications & propertyApplications & property
Pure researchPure research
1. Closed glass flask2. Tension source (a battery wouldn't produce enough tension,
so a spark inductor was used)3. Anode4. Cathode 5. Bright ray
At the end of the 19th century many physicist worked on the„Cathode ray tube“ that is built like this:
The air is pumped out as much aspossible of a closed glass flask withthe help of a vacuum pump.The tension source conducts the tensionin the discharge tube: the positive chargeto the anode and the negative one to thecathode. A tension between the anode andthe cathode originates, so you can see abright ray.
The „X-rays“The „X-rays“
InfraredUltra-violet
On 8th November 1895 Roentgen carried out the experiment with a charge. He covered the discharge tube completely with black paper, and light couldn't get out of the tube. Next to the building he put up a screen with a special mass that lighted up when it was illuminated. The screen lighted up, although light couldn't get out of the discharge tube through the black paper. Because of different reasons the rays couldn't be cathode rays. He took the screen and carried it to the tube. After that the light became stronger and the bones of his fingers appeared on the screen. So the rays came through the human body. Roentgen called them X-rays.
Glass flask
Black paper
X-rays
Visible beams of light
Screen
Applications & PropertyApplications & Property
Application Property
• in medicine• in metallurgy• in technology • in chemical Fundamental research (very important)
• invisible for human eyes• ionisers air, gas and light molecules• carcinogenic• short wave light
DomainsDomainsUniversities Roentgen's work
ZurichDoctorate of physics at University Zurich
Strasbourg Habilitation at University Strasbourg
HohenheimProfessorship in Physics andMathematic at agriculturalAcademy Hohenheim
Giessen Vocation to Giessen as professor
Wuerzburg
Vocation for an ordination inWuerzburg; Election as avice-chancellor atUniversity Wuerzburg
Munich Roentgen got the professorshipat University Munich
Historical events during Historical events during his lifetimehis lifetime
1870's1870's1880's1880's1890's1890's1900's1900's1910's1910's
1870's1870's1870–1872: German-French War 18th January 1871: Foundation of the German Reich 1873: Three-Emperor-Agreement (Germany, Austria, Russia) in Berlin was signed 1878: Otto von Bismarck's law against social democracy1879: Alliance between Germany and Austria
1880's & 1890’s1880's & 1890’s1882: Italy became part of the alliance between Germany and Austria (till 1914/15) 1881-1889: Installation of Bismarck's social laws in Germany: Health insurance, accident insurance and pension insurance scheme 25th January 1890: The German sovereign assembly declined the bill of the government about the prolongation of the socialist law for an indefinite period1st April 1892: Installation of the Central European Time as standardized time for the entire Germany5th December 1894: Emperor Wilhelm II. opened the German sovereign assembly building in Berlin
1900's & 1910’s1900's & 1910’s8. April 1904: Entente Cordinale (Alliance between Great Britain and France to solve a conflict of interests)14. Dezember 1911: First person reached the South Pole1912: Maiden voyage and sinking of the Titanic 1914-1918: First World War1918: November Revolution in Germany1919: Foundation of the Weimarer Republic
Interview with Interview with RoentgenRoentgen
References: Google: WIKIPEDIA; ROENTGEN BIOGRAPHY; PHYSICS FOR KIDS; Book: MENSCHEN DIE DIE WELT VERÄNDERTENMade by: Julia Habelmann
Sarah Schäfer Mira Siedentop