Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act

8/13/2019 Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act

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Wildlife ResourcesConservation and Protection

ActRA 9147

Approved July 2001


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What the law is all about?

The law is a commitment of the Philippines to theInternational community to Biodiversity.

It provides the guidelines and procedures on the

protection, management and use of wildlife resourcesand bioprospecting.

Statistics shows that the Philippines is one of 17 mega

diverse countries - meaning the Philippines has KBAs(sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation.

The Philippines has 2022% of the remainingbiodiversity of the world global diversity.


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Sec. 2 Declaration of Policy

Policy of the State to conserve the countrys wildlife resources andtheir habitats for sustainability. In the pursuit of this policy, this Actshall have the ff objectives:

a.) to conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats topromote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity;

b.) to regulate the collection and trade of wildlife

c.) to pursue, with due regard to the national interest, the Philippinecommitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife andtheir habitats; and

d.) to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation ofbiological diversity.


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Sec. 3 Scope of Application

The provisions of this Act shall be enforceable for:

- All wildlife species found in all areas of the country,including protected areas under RA 7658 (NIPAS) Act

- Critical habitats

- Exotic species which are subject to trade, are cultured,

maintained and/or bred in captivity or propagated in thecountry


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Sec. 4 Jurisdiction of the DENR

and DA DENR - shall have jurisdiction over all TERRESTRIAL PLANT and

ANIMAL SPECIES, all turtles and tortoises and wetland species,including but not limited to crocodiles, waterbirds and all amphibiansand dugong.

DA - shall have jurisdiction over all declared AQUATIC CRITICALHABITATS, ALL AQUATIC RESOURCES, including but not limitedto all fishes, aquatic plants, invertebrates and all marine mammals,except dugong.

The Secretaries of the DENR and DA , and by joint administrativeorder, revise and regularly update the list of species under theirrespective jurisdictions.

In the province of Palawan, jurisdiction is vested to the PalawanCouncil for Sustainable Development pursuant to RA 7611.


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Sec. 5 Definition of Terms

a.) Bioprospectingmeans the research, collection and utilization ofbiological and genetic resources for purposes of applying the knowledgederived therefrom solely for commercial purposes;

b.) By-product or derivativesmeans any part taken or substance extractedfrom wildlife, in raw or in processed form. This includes stuffed animals and

herbarium specimens;

c.) Captive-breeding/culture or propagationmeans the process ofproducing individuals under controlled conditions or with humaninterventions;

d.) Collection or collectingmeans the act of gathering or harvestingwildlife, its by-products or derivatives;

e.) Conservationmeans preservation and sustainable utilization of wildlife,and/or maintenance, restoration and enhancement of the habitat;


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f.) Critically endangered speciesrefers to a species or subspecies that isfacing extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future;

g.) Economically important speciesmeans species which have actual orpotential value in trade or utilization for commercial purposes;

h.) Endangered speciesrefers to species or subspecies that is notcritically endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causalfactors continue operating;

i.) Endemic speciesmeans species or subspecies which is naturallyoccurring and found only within specific areas in the country;

j.) Exotic speciesmeans species or subspecies which do not naturallyoccur in the country


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k.) Export permitrefers to a permit authorizing an individual to bring out wildlife fromthe Philippines to any other country;

l.) Gratuitous permitmeans permit issued to any individual or entity engaged innoncommercial scientific or educational undertaking to collect wildlife;

m.) Habitatmeans a place or environment where a species or subspecies naturallyoccur or has naturally established its population;

n.) Import permitrefers to a permit authorizing an individual to bring or has naturallyestablished population in the country

o.) Indigenous wildlife - means species or subspecies of wildlife naturally occurring orhas naturally established population in the country;

p.) Introductionmeans bringing species into the wild that is outside its naturalhabitat;


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q.) Reexport permitrefers to a permit authorizing an individual to bring outof the country a previously imported wildlife;

r.) Threatened speciesa general term to denote species or subspeciesconsidered as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable, or otheraccepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction;

s.) Trademeans that act of engaging in the exchange, exportation orimportation, purchase or sale of wildlife, their derivatives, or by-products,locally or internationally;

t.) Traditional usemeans utilization of wildlife by indigenous people inaccordance with written or unwritten rules, usage, customs and practicestraditionally observed, accepted and recognized by them

u.) Transport permitmeans a permit issued authorizing an individual tobring wildlife from one place to another within the territorial jurisdiction of thePhilippines;


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v.) Vulnerable speciesrefers to species or subspecies that is notcritically endangered nor endangered but is under threat fromadverse factors throughout their range and is likely to move to theendangered category in the near future;

w.) Wildlifemeans wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in alldevelopmental stages, including those which are in captivity or arebeing bred or propagated;

x.) Wildlife collectors permit means a permit to take or collect fromthe wild certain species and quantities of wildlife for commercialpurpose; and

y.) Wildlife farm/culture permitmeans a permit to develop, operateand maintain a wildlife breeding farm for conservation, trade and/orscientific purposes.


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Conservation and Protection of

Wildlife Resources

Sec. 6 Wildlife Information

Information on all activities shall be authorized

by the DENR Secretary upon proper evaluation

of best available information or scientific datashowing that the activity is, or for a purpose, not

detrimental to the survival of the species or

subspecies involved and/or their habitat.

For this purpose, the Secretary shall regularly

update wildlife information through research.


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Sec. 7 Collection of Wildlife

Collection of wildlife may be allowed in accordance withSec. 6 ( providing limitations in the access ofinformation) provided that in the collection, of wildlife,appropriate and acceptable wildlife collection techniques

with least or no detrimental effects to the existing wildlifepopulations and their habitats shall likewise be required.

Collection of wildlife by indigenous people may beallowed for traditional use and not primarily for trade and

that collection and utilization of said purpose shall notcover threatened species.


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Sec. 8 Possession of Wildlife

No person or entity shall be allowed

possession of wildlife unless such person

or entity can prove financial and technical

capability and facility to maintain saidwildlife.

Provided that the Source was not obtained

in violation of this Act.


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Sec. 9 Collection and Possession

of By-products and derivatives

Collection and possession of by-products

and its derivatives may be authorized

provided that the source was not obtained

in violation of this Act.


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Sec. 10 Local Transport

Local transport of wildlife, by-products and

derivatives collected or possessed through

any other means shall be authorized

unless the same is PREJUDICIAL to thewildlife and PUBLIC HEALTH.


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Sec. 11 Exportation and/or

Importation of Wildlife

Wildlife species may be exported to or importedfrom another country as may be AUTHORIZEDby the Secretary or the designatedrepresentative, subject to strict compliance withthe provisions of this Act and rules andregulations promulgated pursuant thereto.

PROVIDED, that the RECIPIENT of the wildlifeis TECHNICALLY and FINANCIALLY CAPABLEto maintain it.


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Sec. 12 Introduction/Reproduction/

Restocking of Endemic/Indigenous

The introduction, reintroduction or restocking ofendemic and indigenous wildlife shall be allowedonly for population enhancement or recoverypurposes subject to PRIOR CLEARANCE from

the Secretary or the authorized representativepursuant to Sec. 6.

Any proposed introduction shall be subject to a

scientific study which shall focus on thebioecology. The proponent shall also conductpublic consultations with concerned individualsor entities.


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Sec. 13 Introduction of Exotic

Wildlife No EXOTIC species shall be introduced into the country,

unless a CLEARANCE from the Secretary or theauthorized representative is first obtained.

In no case shall exotic species be introduced intoPROTECTED areas covered by RA 7586 and toCRITICAL HABITATS.

In Cases where introduction is allowed, it shall besubject to environmental impact study which shall focuson the bioecology, socioeconomic and related aspects ofthe area where the species will be introduced. Theproponent shall also be required to secure the PRIORINFORMED CONSENT from the local stakeholders.


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Sec. 14 Bioprospecting

Bioprospecting shall be allowed upon execution of an undertakingby any proponent, stipulating therein its compliance with andcommitments to reasonable terms and conditions that may beimposed by the Secretary which are necessary to protect biologicaldiversity.

The Secretary or the authorized rep, in consultation with the

concerned agencies, before granting the necessary permit, shallrequire that prior informed consent be obtained by the applicantfrom concerned indigenous cultural communities, local communities,management board under RA 7586 or private individual entiry.

The applicant shall disclose fully the intent and scope of thebioprospecting activity in a language and process understandable to

the community. The prior informed consent from the indigenous peoples shall be

obtained in accordance with existing laws. The action on thebioprospecting proposal by concerned bodies shall be made within areasonable period.


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Upon submission of the complete requirements,the Secretary shall act on the research proposalwithin a reasonable period.

If the applicant is a foreign entity or individual, alocal institution should be actively involved in theresearch, collection and whenever applicable

and appropriate, in the technologicaldevelopment of the products derived from thebiological and genetic resources.


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Sec. 15 Scientific Researches on

Wildlife

Collection and utilization of biological resources forscientific research and not for commercial purposes shallbe allowed upon execution of an undertaking/ agreementwith and issuance of a gratuitous permit by the Secretary

or the authorized rep.

PRIOR CLEARANCE from concerned bodies shall besecured before the issuance of the gratuitous permit.

If the applicant is a foreign entity or individual, a localinstitution should be actively involved as required in Sec,14, last par.


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Sec. 16 Biosafety

All activities dealing on genetic engineering and

pathogenic organisms in the Philippines, as well

as activities requiring the importation,

introduction, field release and breeding oforganisms that are POTENTIALLY harmful to

man and the environment shall be REVIEWED

in accordance with the biosafety guidelines

ensuring public welfare and the protection andconservation of wildlife and their habitats.


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Sec. 17 Commercial Breeding

Breeding or propagation of wildlife for commercialpurposes shall be allowed by the Secretary or theauthorized rep pursuant to Sec. 6 through the issuanceof wildlife farm/culture permit.

Only progenies of wildlife raised, as well as unproductiveparent stock shall be utilized for trade.

Commercial breeding operations for wildlife, wheneverappropriate shall be subject to an ENVIRONMENTALIMPACT STUDY.


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Sec. 18 Economically Important

Species The Secretary shall establish a list of economically-

important species. A population assessment of suchspecies shall be conducted and the list shall be regularlyreviewed and updated by the Secretary.

The collection of certain species shall only be allowed

when the results of the assessment show that, despitecertain extent of collection, the population of suchspecies can still remain viable and capable of recoveringits numbers. The Secretary shall establish a scheduleand volume of allowable harvests.

Whenever an economically important species becomethreatened, any form of collection shall be prohibitedexcept for scientific, educational or breeding/propagationpurposes.


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Sec. 19 Management and

Scientific authorities For the implementation of international agreement on international trade in

endangered species of wildlife fauna and flora, the management authoritiesfor terrestrial resources shall be the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau(PAWB) of the DENR and

For aquatic resources - the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources(BFAR) of the DA.

In the province of Palawan, the implementation is vested to the PalawanCouncil for Sustainable Development.

To provide advice to the management authorities, -

For terrestrial speciesthe Ecosystems research and Development Bureauof the DENR (Chair), the UP Institute of Biological Sciences and theNational Museum and other agencies as may be designated by the

Secretary. For the marine and aquatic resourcesthe BFAR, the UP Marine Science

Institute, UP Visayas (Chair), Siliman University and the National Museumand other agencies as may be designated by the Secretary.


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Sec. 20 Authority of Secretary to

Issue Permits The Secretary of the duly authorized representative,

shall issue permits/certifications/clearances withcorresponding period of validity whenever appropriate,the ff:

1.) wildlife farm of culture permit 35 yrs

2.) Wildlife collectors permit 1 - 3 yrs

3.) Gratuitous permit 1 yr

4.) Local transport permit 13 mos

5.) Export/Import/Reexport permit 16 mos

These permits may be renewed subject to the guidelinesissued by the appropriate agency and upon consultationwith concerned groups.


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Sec. 21 Fees and Charges

Reasonable fees and charges as may be determined uponconsultation with the concerned groups, and in the amount fixed bythe Secretary shall be imposed for the issuance of permits.

For the export of wildlife species - fee of not greater than 3% of theexport value, excluding transport costs, shall be charged. In thedetermination of the fee, the production costs shall be given dueconsideration.

Cutflowers, leaves and the like, produced from farms shall beexempted from the export fee.

Fees and charges shall be reviewed by the Secretary every two (2)years or as the need arises and revise the same accordingly,subject to consultation with concerned sectors.


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Sec. 22 Determination of

Threatened Species The secretary shall determine whether any wildlife species or subspecies is

threatened, and classify the same as critically endangered, endangered,vulnerable or other accepted categories based on the best scientific dataand with due regard to internationally accepted criteria, including but notlimited to the ff:

a.) present or threatened destruction, modification of curtailment of itshabitat or range;

b.) over-utilization for commercial, recreational, scientific or educationalpurposes;

c.) inadequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms; and

d.) other natural or man-made factors affecting the existence of wildlife

The list shall be updated regularly or as the need arises.

A species listed as THREATENED shall not be removed therefrom withinthree (3) years following its initial listing.


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Upon filing of a petition based on substantial scientificinformation of any person seeking for the addition ordeletion of a species from the list, the Secretary shallevaluate in accordance with the relevant factors cited,

the status of the species concerned and act on saidpetition within a reasonable period.

The Secretary shall also prepare and publish a list ofwildlife which resembles so closely in appearance with

listed threatened wildlife, which species shall likewise becategorized as threatened.


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Sec. 23 Collection of Threatened

Wildlife

The collection of threatened wildlife, asdetermined and listed, including its by-productsand derivatives, shall be allowed ONLY forSCIENTIFIC, or BREEDING or PROPAGATION

purposes in accordance with Sec. 6 of this Act.

Only accredited individuals, business, research,

educational or scientific entities shall be allowedto collect for conservation breeding orpropagation purposes.


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Sec. 24 Conservation Breeding or

Propagation of Threatened Species Shall be encouraged in order to enhance its population in its natural

habitat. It shall be done simultaneously with the rehabilitation and/orprotection of the habitat where the captive-bred or propagatedspecies shall be released, reintroduced or restocked.

Commercial breeding or propagation of threatened species may beallowed provided that the ff minimum requirements are met by theapplicant:

a.) proven effective breeding and captive management techniquesof the species; and

b.) commitment to undertake commercial breeding in accordancewith Sec. 17, simultaneous with conservation breeding.

The Secretary shall prepare a list of threatened species forcommercial breeding and shall regularly revise or update such list oras the need arises.


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Sec. 25 Establishment of Critical

Habitats Critical habitats outside protected areas where

threatened species are found shall be designated.

All designated critical habitats shall be protected, incoordination with the local government units (LGUs) andother concerned groups, from any form of exploitation ordestruction which may be detrimental to the survival ofthe threatened species dependent therein.

For such purpose, the Secretary may acquire, bypurchase, donation or expropriation, lands, or interests

therein, including the acquisition of usufruct,establishment of easements or other undertakingsappropriate in protecting the critical habitat.


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Sec. 26 Registration of Threatened

and Exotic Species

Requirement of REGISTRATION

No person or entity shall be allowedPOSSESSION of wildlife unless such person orentity can prove financial and technicalcapability and facility to maintain said wildlife.

When the threatened species is needed for

breeding/propagation or research purposes, theState may acquire the wildlife through a mutuallyacceptable arrangement.


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Illegal Acts and Penalties

It shall be unlawful for any person to willfully and knowingly exploitwildlife resources and their habitats, or undertake the ff acts:

a.) killing and destroying wildlife species, except in the ff instances:

1. when it is done as part of the religious rituals of established tribal

groups or indigenous cultural communities; 2. when the wildlife is afflicted with an incurable communicable

disease;

3. when it is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery

suffered by the wildlife;

4. when it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the life or limb

of a human being;

5. when the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been used in

authorized research or experiments;


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Penalties

a.) IMPRISONMENT of a minimum of 6 yrs and 1 day12 yrs and/or aFINE of P100,000P1M, if inflicted or undertaken against species listed ascritical

b.) IMPRISONMENT of 4 yrs and 1 day6 yrs and/or a FINE of P50,000 -P500,000, if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species;

c.) IMPRISONMENT of 2 yrs and 1 day4 yrs and/or a FINE of P30,000, ifinflicted or undertaken against vulnerable species;

d.) IMPRISONMENT of 1 yr and 1 day2 yrs and/or a FINE of P20,000, ifinflicted or undertaken against other threatened species;

e.) IMPRISONMENT of 6 mos and 1 day1 yr and/or a FINE of P10,000 -P100,000, if inflicted or undertaken against other wildlife species


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b.) INFLICTING INJURY WHICH CRIPPLES and/or IMPAIRS THE REPRODUCTIVESYSTEM OF WILDLIFE SPECIES

PENALTY

a.) IMPRISONMENT of a minimum of 4 yrs and 1 day6 yrs and/or a FINE ofP50,000P500,000, if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical;

b.) IMPRISONMENT of 2 yrs and 1 day4 yrs and/or a FINE of P30,000P200,000, if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species;

c.) IMPRISONMENT of 1 yr and 1 day2 yrs and/or a FINE of P20,000P200,000,if inflicted or undertaken against vulnerable species;

d.) IMPRISONMENT of 6 mos and 1 day1 yr and/or a FINE OF P10,000-

P50,000, if inflicted or undertaken against other threatened species, and e.) IMPRISONMENT of 1 mo6 mos and/or a FINE of P5,000P20,000, if inflicted

or undertaken against other wildlife species.


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c.) EFFECTING ANY OF THE FF ACTS IN CRITICAL HABITAT(s):

1. dumping of waste products detrimental to wildlife;

2. squatting or otherwise occupying any portion;

3. mineral exploration and/or extraction;

4. burning 5. logging; and

6. quarrying

d.) INTRODUCTION, REINTRODUCTION or RESTOCKING ofWILDLIFE RESOURCES

PENALTY - IMPRISONMENT of 1 mo8 yrs and/or

FINE of P5,000 - P5,000,000


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e.) TRADING OF WILDLIFE

PENALTY

1.) IMPRISONMENT of 2 yrs and 1 day4 yrs and/or FINE of P5,000P300,000, if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical;

2.) IMPRISONMENT of 1 yr and 1 day2 yrs and/or FINE of P2,000

P200,000, if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species; 3.) IMPRISONMENT of 6 mos and 1 day1 yr and/or FINE of P1,000

P100,000, if inflicted or undertaken against vulnerable species

4.) IMRPISONMENT of 1 mo and 1 day6 mos and/or FINE of P500P50,000, if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as otherthreatened species; and

5.) IMPRISONMENT of 10 days1 mo and/or FINE of P200P20,000, ifinflicted or undertaken against other wildlife species.


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f.) COLLECTING, HUNTING or POSSESSING WILDLIFE, their by-products and derivatives;

g.) GATHERING or DESTROYING OF ACTIVE NESTS, NEST TREES, HOST PLANTS and thelike;

PENALTY

1. IMPRISONMENT of 2 yrs and 1 day4 yrs AND a FINE of P300,000, if inflicted or undertakenagainst species listed as critical;

2. IMPRISONMENT of 1 yr and 1 day2 yrs AND a FINE of P20,000P200,000, if inflicted orundertaken against endangered species;

3. IMPRISONMENT of 6 mos and 1 day1 yr AND a FINE of P10,000P100,000, if inflicted orundertaken against vulnerable species;

4. IMPRISONMENT of 1 mo and 1 day6 mos AND a FINE of P5,000P50,000, if inflicted orundertaken against species listed as other threatened species;

5. IMPRISONMENT of 10 days1 mo AND a FINE of P1,000P5,000, if inflicted or undertakenagainst other wildlife species.

In case of par (f), where the acts were perpetuated thru the means of inappropriate techniquesand devices, the MAXIMUM penalty provided shall be imposed.


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h.) MALTREATING and/or INFLICTING OTHER INJURIES NOTCOVERED BY THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPH; and

I.) TRANSPORTING of WILDLIFE

PENALTY

1. IMPRISONMENT of 6 mos and 1 day1 yr AND a FINE of P50,000P100,000, if inflicted or undertaken against species listed as critical species;

2. IMPRISONMENT of 3 mos and 1 day6 mos AND a FINE of P20,000P50,000, if inflicted or undertaken against endangered species;

3. IMRPISONMENT of 1 mo and 1 day3 mos AND a FINE of P5,000P20,000, if inflicted or undertaken against vulnerable species;

4. IMPRISONMENT of 10 days1 mo AND a FINE of P1,000P5,000 ifinflicted or undertaken against species listed as other threatened species;

5. IMPRISONMENT of 5 days10 days AND a FINE of P200P1,000, ifinflicted or undertaken against other wildlife species.


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All wildlife, its derivatives or by-products, and all paraphernalia, toolsand conveyances used in connection with violations of this Act, shallbe IPSO FACTO forfeited in favor of the government.

Where the ownership of the aforesaid conveyances belong to thirdpersons who have no participation in or knowledge of the illegalacts, the same may be released to said owner.

The apprehending agency shall immediately cause the transfer of allwildlife that have been seized or recovered to the nearest WildlifeRescue Center of the DENR in the area.

If the offender is an alien, he shall be deported after service of thesentence and payment of fines, without any further proceedings.

The fines prescribed shall be increased by at least 10% every 3 yrsto compensate for inflation and to maintain the deterrent function ofsuch fines.

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Sec. 29 Wildlife Management

Fund A Wildlife Management Fund is established to be administered by

the DENR as a special account in the National Treasury. It shallfinance REHABILITATION or RESTORATION of habitats affectedby acts committed in violation of this Act and support SCIENTIFICRESEARCH, enforcement and monitoring activities, as well asenhancement of capabilities of relevant agencies.

The Fund shall be derived from fines imposed and damagesawarded, fees, charges, donations, endowments, administrativefees or grants in the form of contributions.

Contributions to the Fund shall be exempted from donors taxes,

charges or fees imposed by the government.

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Sec. 30 Deputation of Wildlife

Enforcement Officers

The DENR Sec shall deputize wildlife enforcementofficers from NGOs, citizens groups, communityorganization and other volunteers who have undergonethe necessary training for this purpose.

The PNP, AFP, NBI and other law enforcementagencies shall designate wildlife enforcement officers.

The wildlife enforcement officers shall have the fullauthority to seize illegally traded wildlife and to arrestviolators of this Act subject to existing laws, rules andregulations on arrest and detention.

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Sec. 31 National Wildlife Research

Center

The DENR Sec shall establish national wildliferesearch centers for terrestrial and aquaticspecies to lead in the conduct of scientificresearches on the proper strategies for the

conservation and protection of wildlife, includingcaptive breeding or propagation.

The Secretary shall encourage the participationof experts from academic/research institutionsand wildlife industry.


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Sec. 32 Wildlife Rescue Center

The DENR Sec shall establish or designate

wildlife rescue centers to take temporary custody

and care of all confiscated, abandoned and/or

donated wildlife to ensure their welfare and well-being.

The Secretary shall formulate guidelines for the

disposition of wildlife from the rescue centers.

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Sec. 33 Wildlife Traffic Monitoring

Units

The DENR Sec shall create wildlife traffic monitoringunits in strategic air and seaports all over the country toensure the strict compliance and effectiveimplementation of all existing wildlife laws, rules andregulations, including pertinent international agreements.

Customs officers and/or other authorized governmentrepresentatives assigned at air or seaports who mayhave intercepted wildlife commodities in the discharge of

their official functions shall, prior to further dispositionthereof, secure a clearance from the wildlife trafficmonitoring unit assigned in the area.


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Sec. 34 Exemption from Taxes

Any donation, contribution, bequest, subsidy or

financial aid which may be made to the DENR or

DA and to NGOs engaged in wildlife

conservation duly registered with the SEC ascertified by the LGU, the DENR or DA, for the

conservation and protection of wildlife resources

and their habitats shall constitute as an

allowable deduction from the taxable income ofthe donor and shall be EXEMPT from donors

tax.


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Sec. 35 Flagship Species

LGUs shall initiate conservation measures forendemic species in their areas. They may adoptFLAGSHIP SPECIES such as the:

Cebu black shama,

Tamaraw,

Philippine tarsier,

Philippine teak,

which shall serve as emblems of conservationfor the local government concerned.


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Sec. 36 Botanical Gardens, etc.

The DENR Sec shall REGULATE the

establishment, operation and maintenance

of botanical gardens, zoological parks and

other similar establishments for recreation,education and conservation.

Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act

Documents

Transcript of Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act