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COMMIT TEE DRAFT ISO/CD 16073 .2

Date

8 November

2004

Reference number

ISO/TC 94 / SC 14 N 147

Supersedesdocument

WARNING: This document is not an International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is

subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard.

ISO/TC 94 / SC 14

Title

Personal safety -- Protective

clothing and equipment - Fire-

fighters' personal equipment

Circulated to P- and O-members, and to technical committees andorganizations in liaison for:

discussion at on[venue/date of meeting]

comments by 7 Febraury 2005[date]

approval for registration as a DIS in accordance with 2.5.6

of part 1 of the ISO/IEC Directives, by

[date]

(P-members vote only: ballot form attached)

Secretariat SAI(Australia)

[email protected]

P-members of the technical committee or subcommitteeconcerned have an obligation to vote.

English title

Wildland Firefighting Personal Protective Equipment

Requirements and Test Methods

French title

Reference language version: English French Russian

Introductory note

Members are invited to comment on the content of this draft. All comment

h ld b b i d i h l 149 Sh f

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Wildland Firefighting Personal ProtectiveEquipment Requirements and Test Methods

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Contents Page

1 General

2 Clothing

3 Gloves

4 Helmets

5 Footwear

6 Eyewear

7 Hearing Devices

8 Respirator

9 Fire Hood

10 Compatibility

11 Marking

12 Manufacturers Information

Annex A Uncertainty of measurement and result interpretation

Annex B Performing a risk assessment

Annex C Grip test gloves

Annex D Donning test gloves

Annex E Assessment of the footwear

Annex F Assessment of the footwear by the wearer

Annex G Thermal stability of helmets and eyewear atelevated temperatures

Annex ZA-PPE Check list for the verification of the compliance with EC Directive89/686/EEC

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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation ofnational standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing InternationalStandards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bodyinterested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has theright to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaboratesclosely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters ofelectrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IECDirectives, Part 3.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to themember bodies for voting.

Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of themember bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this InternationalStandard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible foridentifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard ISO 16073 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94,Personal safety - Protective clothing and equipment, Subcommittee SC 14, FirefightersPersonal Protective Equipment.

Note: On the publication of ISO 16073, ISO/TC 94/SC 14 plans to withdraw ISO15384:2003, Protective clothing for firefighters Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements for wildland firefighting clothing.

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General

1.1 Introduction

This standard provides minimum performance requirements for wildland firefighterspersonal protective equipment designed for use for extended periods during wildlandfirefighting and associated activities.

Wildland firefighting involves work mostly in summer temperatures, for many hoursduring which the firefighter may develop high levels of metabolic heat and as aconsequence, the personal protective equipment is required to be light, flexible and

commensurate with the risks to which the firefighter may be exposed in order to beeffective without introducing heat stress to the wearer.

Firefighters should be familiar in the selection, use, care and maintenance of thepersonal protective equipment covered by this standard, including an understanding ofits limitation.

This standard does not cover personal protective equipment for use in risk situations

where personal protective equipment complying with ISO 11613:1999 Protective clothingfor firefighters Laboratory test methods and performance requirements or ISO15538:2001 Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements for protective clothingis more suitable, nor does this standardcover personal protective equipment to protect against chemical, biological or radiationhazards.

Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict any jurisdiction, purchaser or manufacturerfrom exceeding these acceptable performance requirements.

A risk assessment should be undertaken to determine if the personal protectiveequipment covered by this standard is suitable for its intended use and the expectedexposure. The risk assessment should be used to determine what types personalprotective equipment is necessary for head, face, hands, body and feet.

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1.2 Scope

This International standard specifies the minimum performance requirements andmethods of test for personal protective equipment covering the body, hands, feet, head,eyes, hearing and respiratory for wildland firefighting and associated activities and thispersonal protective equipment is not intended to provide protection during fireentrapment. This Standard covers the general design of the personal protectiveequipment, the minimum levels of performance for the materials employed and themethods of test to be used.

This standard does not cover personal protective equipment for use in risk situations

where personal protective equipment complying with ISO 11613:1999 Protective clothingfor firefighters Laboratory test methods and performance requirements or ISO15538:2001 Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements for protective clothing with a reflective outer surface is moresuitable, nor does this standard cover personal protective equipment to protect againstchemical, biological or radiation hazards.

This standard supercedes ISO 15384:2003 Protective clothing for firefighters

Laboratory test methods and performance requirements for wildland firefighting clothingand ISO 15383:2001 Protective gloves for firefighters Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements - Type 1 Gloves.

1.3 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions, which, through reference in thistext, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references,

subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged toInvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normativedocuments indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normativedocument referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currentlyvalid International Standards.

CIE 54, Retroreflexion definition and measurement

EN 352:2002, Hearing protectors. Safety requirements and testing

EN 388:2003, Protective gloves against mechanical risks

EN 420:1994, General requirements for gloves

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EN ISO 20345:2004, Safety footwear

EN 50321:2000, Electrically insulating footwear for working on low voltage installations

ISO 139:1973, Textiles. Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

ISO 3146:2000, Plastics. Determination of melting behaviour (melting temperature ormelting range) of semi-crystalline polymers by capillary tube and polarizing-microscopemethods

ISO 3175-1:1998, Textiles. Dry-cleaning and finishing. Part 1: Method for assessing the

cleanability of textiles and garments

ISO 3758:1991, Textiles. Care labeling code using symbols

ISO 3873:1977, Industrial safety helmets

ISO 4674-1:2003, Rubber - or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination of tear resistance.Part 1: Constant rate of tear methods

ISO 4849:1981, Personal eye-protectors-specifications

ISO 4869-1:1990, Acoustics Hearing protection Part 1: Subjective method for themeasurement of sound

ISO 5077:1984, Textiles. Determination of dimensional change in washing and drying

ISO 5081:1977, Textiles -- Woven fabrics -- Determination of breaking strength and

elongation (Strip method)

ISO 6330:2000, Textiles Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing

ISO 6942:2002, Protective clothing Protection against heat and fire Method of test:Evaluation of materials and material assemblies when exposed to a source of radiantheat

ISO 9151:1995, Protective clothing against heat and flame Determination of heattransmission on exposure to flame

ISO 11092:1993, Textiles. Physiological effects. Measurement of thermal and water -vapor resistance under steady - state conditions (sweating guarded - hotplate method)

ISO 11613:1999 Protective clothing for firefighters Laboratory test methods and

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ISO 13688:1998 Protective clothing General requirements

ISO 13934-1:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 1: Determination ofmaximum force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method

ISO 13934-2:1998, Textiles. Tensile properties of fabrics. Part 2: Determination ofmaximum force using the grab method

ISO 13935-2:1999, Textiles -- Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textilearticles -- Part 2: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the grabmethod

ISO 13996:1999, Protective clothing Mechanical properties Determination ofresistance to puncture

ISO 13997:1999, Protective clothing Mechanical properties Determination ofresistance to cutting by sharp objects

ISO 15025:2000, Protective clothing. Protection against heat and flame. Method of test

for limited flame spread

ISO 15383:2001, Protective gloves for firefighters Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements

ISO 15384:2003, Protective clothing for firefighters Laboratory test methods andperformance requirements for wildland firefighting clothing

ISO15538:2001, Protective clothing for firefighters - Laboratory test methods and

performance requirements for protective clothing with a reflective outer surface

ISO 17493:2000, Clothing for protection against heat and flame. Test method forconvective heat resistance using a hot air circulating oven

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1.4 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this International standard, the following terms and definitions apply:

1.4.1 Clothing

1.4.1.1 bodyincludes torso, arms, legs & neck.

1.4.1.2cleaning cycle

a wash and a drying cycle in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 or dry cleaning cycle inaccordance with ISO 3175-1:1998.

1.4.1.3closure systemmethod of fastening the openings in the garment including combinations of more thanone method of achieving a secure closure, for example a slide fastener covered by anoverlap fastened down with a touch and close fastener.

NOTE This term does not cover seams.

1.4.1.4component assemblycombination of all materials of a multi-layer garment presented exactly as the finishedgarment construction.

1.4.1.5

coverallone piece garment that completely covers the wearers torso, arms and legs.

1.4.1.6cuffsfinished edge of the sleeve opening that may catch debris or burning embers.

1.4.1.7

firefighter's protective clothingspecific garments providing protection for the firefighters upper and lower torso, neck,arms and legs, but excluding the head, eyes, hands and feet.

1.4.1.8garmentsingle item of clothing which may consist of single or multiple layers

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1.4.1.10innermost lininglining of the innermost face of a component assembly closest to the wearers skin.

NOTE Where the innermost lining forms a part of a material combination, the materialcombination shall be regarded as the innermost lining.

1.4.1.11interlininglayer between the outermost layer and the innermost lining in a multilayer garment.

1.4.1.12main seamseam which is necessary to maintain the integrity of the garment.

1.4.1.13material combinationmaterial produced from a series of separate layers, intimately combined prior to thegarment manufacturing stage.

EXAMPLE quilted material.

1.4.1.14outer materialoutermost material of which the protective clothing is made.

1.4.1.15

seamany method of permanent fastening between two or more pieces of material.

1.4.1.16suitan upper and lower garment worn together that completely covers the wearers torso,arms and legs.

1.4.1.17turn-upsfinished edge of a trouser at the end of the trouser leg that may catch debris or burningembers.

1.4.1.18wildland fire fighting

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combination of all materials of a multi-layer glove presented exactly as the finished gloveconstruction.

1.4.2.2cuffthat circular, flared or otherwise expanded part of the glove that extends beyond theopening of the glove body to cover the wrist area.

1.4.2.3dripto run or fall in drops or blobs.

1.4.2.4firefighters' protective glovesspecific gloves providing protection for the firefighters' hands and wrists.

1.4.2.5glove bodythat part of the glove that extends from the tip of the fingers to 25 mm beyond the wristcrease.

1.4.2.6main seamseam that is necessary to maintain the integrity of the glove.

1.4.2.7meltto liquefy a material usually by exposure to heat resulting in a non-reversible change.

NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, melting is observed as theresponse to heat as evidenced by flowing or dripping.

1.4.2.8moisture barrierthat portion of the component assembly designed to prevent the transfer of liquids.

NOTE Moisture barriers might not prevent the passage of chemical, biological orradiological agents through the glove. Such incidents should be handled with appropriatechemical protective clothing and procedures.

1.4.2.9wristletcircular close-fitting part of the glove usually made of knitted material that extends

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Supporting straps within the head cradle which absorb shock from impacts to thehelmet shell.

1.4.3.2brima rim surrounding the shell.

1.4.3.3cradlethe fixed or adjustable assembly of the parts of the harness in contact with the head.

1.4.3.4cushioningmaterial to improve wearing comfort.

1.4.3.5harnessthe complete assembly by means of which the helmet is maintained in position on thehead, and which may provide a means of absorbing energy.

1.4.3.6headbandthe part of the harness surrounding the head at the base of the skull.

1.4.3.7helmet accessoriesany additional parts for special purposes such as chin strap, neck protector, nape strap,drawlace and attachment devices for lamp and cable.

1.4.3.8horizontal clearancehorizontal distance between the headband and the inside of the shell or any protrudingpart of the inside of the shell.

1.4.3.9peak

a permanent extension of the shell above the eyes.

1.4.3.10protective paddingmaterial contributing to the absorption of kinetic energy during an impact.

1 4 3 11

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ventilation holesholes provided in the shell to permit circulation of air inside the helmet.

1.4.3.14vertical clearancevertical distance between the top of the headform and the inside of the shell.

1.4.3.15wearing heightvertical distance from the Iower edge of the headband to the highest point of the head orheadform.

1.4.4 Footwear

1.4.4.1antistatic footwearfootwear whose resistance, when measured according to EN ISO 20344:2004, clause5.10, lies above 100 K and is less than or equal to 1000 M.

1.4.4.2cellular outsolecellular outsole having a density of 0,9 g/ml or less with a cell structure visible under 10xmagnification.

1.4.4.3cleat(s)protruding part(s) of the outer surface of the sole.

1.4.4.4conductive footwearfootwear whose resistance, when measured according to EN ISO 20344:2004, clause5.10, lies in the range of 0 100 K.

1.4.4.5electrically insulating footweardenotes footwear which protects the wearer against electrical shocks by preventing thepassage of dangerous current through the body via the feet.

1.4.4.6fuel oilaliphatic hydrocarbon constituent of petroleum.

1.4.4.7

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1.4.4.9leather

1.4.4.9.1corrected grain leatherhide or skin tanned to be imputrescible which has been subjected to mechanical buffingto modify its grain structure.

1.4.4.9.2full grain leatherhide or skin tanned to be imputrescible having conserved the totality of its grain.

1.4.4.9.3leather splitflesh or middle part of a skin or hide tanned to be imputrescible obtained by splitting athick leather.

1.4.4.10liningmaterial covering the inner surface of the upper.

NOTE 1 The wearers foot is in direct contact with the lining.

NOTE 2 Where an upper is split at the forepart to house the toecap, or if an externalpiece of material is stitched to the upper to form a pocket to house the toecap, thematerial under the toecap acts as a lining.

1.4.4.10.1

quarter liningmaterial covering the inner surface of the quarters of the upper.

1.4.4.10.2vamp liningmaterial covering the inner surface of the forepart of the upper.

1.4.4.11penetration-resistant insertfootwear component placed in the sole complex in order to provide protection againstmechanical penetration.

1.4.4.12polymeric materialsfor example polyurethane or polyvinylchloride

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vulcanized elastomers.

1.4.4.15safety toecapfootwear component built into the footwear designed to protect the toes of the wearerfrom impacts up to an energy level of at least 200 J and a compression at a load of atleast 15 kN.

1.4.4.16seat regionbackpart of the footwear (upper and sole).

1.5 General Requirements

1.5.1 Clothing Performance

Clothing shall comply with Clause 2, which specifies minimum performancerequirements for wildland firefighting protective clothing.

1.5.2 Glove Performance

Gloves shall comply with Clause 3, which specifies minimum performance requirementsfor wildland firefighting protective gloves.

1.5.3 Helmet Performance

Helmets shall comply with Clause 4, which specifies minimum performancerequirements for wildland firefighting protective helmets.

1.5.4 Footwear Performance

Footwear shall comply with Clause 5, which specifies minimum performancerequirements for wildland firefighting protective footwear.

1.5.5 Eyewear Performance

Eye protective devices shall comply with Clause 6, which specifies minimumperformance requirements for wildland firefighting eye protection.

1.5.6 Hearing Performance

Hearing protective devices shall comply with Clause 7, which specifies minimumperformance requirements for wildland firefighting hearing protection devices

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Fire Hoods shall comply with Clause 9, which specifies minimum performancerequirements for wildland firefighting protective Fire Hoods.

1.5.9 Compatibility

Wildland firefighting personal protective equipment should also be evaluated utilizingClause 10.

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2 Clothing

2.1 Clothing design

Note: See Appendix B.

2.1.1 General

Protective clothing for firefighters shall consist of one of the following:

- A coverall or:

- A suit provided with an interface area or:

- A number of inner and/or outer garments designed to be worn together.

2.1.2 Collar

Any collar shall be able to remain in the vertical position when it is set upright. Allprotective clothing which encircles the neck shall have a closure system at the level ofthe line of the collar.

2.1.3 Coverall or suit

The coverall or suit shall not have turn - ups or cuffs.

2.1.4 Pockets

Pockets with external openings shall be constructed entirely from the outer material andthe external opening shall be provided with a closure system or covered with a protectiveflap. The flap design is specified such that it cannot be tucked into the pocket.

2.1.5 Hardware

Hardware penetrating the outer material shall not be exposed on the innermost surfaceof the component assembly.

2.1.6 Sleeves

The end of the sleeves shall be designed to protect the wrist and shall have a closuresystem, all of which allows the end of the sleeve to interface with gloves that may beused for wildland firefighting. The sleeves shall extend past the wrist crease as definedin Clause 3 1 2 and Figure 3 1

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2.2.2 Number and size of specimen

The number and the size of the specimens for the different tests shall be in accordancewith the respective standards.

2.2.3 Pretreatment before thermal tests

Carry out washing in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 Procedure 2A at (60 3) C anddrying by procedure E (tumble drying) or carry out the dry cleaning in accordance withISO 3175-1:1998, unless otherwise specified in the care labelling.

For materials with flame retardant treatment, excluding retroreflective and fluorescentmaterials, carry out the flame spread test clause 2.3.1 after 50 cleaning cycles.

For the other materials, before testing to the thermal requirements clause 2.3.1, 2.3.2,2.3.3 and carry out the tests after five cleaning cycles.

Materials which are labelled as dry-cleanable only, shall be dry-cleaned five times.

2.2.4 Preconditioning

After having performed the pretreatment specified in 2.2.3, precondition the specimensin accordance with ISO 139:1973 with the following modification: relative humidity

(65 5) %. Test the specimens within 5 min following their removal from the conditioningatmosphere.

2.2.5 Exposure surface

In all surface tests, the outer surface shall be tested.

2.3 Thermal requirements

2.3.1 Flame spread

Each component assembly in the garment, including retroreflective and fluorescentmaterials but excluding hardware, shall be tested separately using clause 2.3.1.1 andoptionally using clause 2.3.1.2 following the appropriate cleaning specified in clause2.2.3.

2.3.1.1 Face ignition

The flame spread test shall be carry out in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 Procedure

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c) the mean value of the afterflame time shall be 2 s;

d) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be 2 s.

2.3.1.2 Edge ignition (Optional)

If required as an option, the flame spread test shall also be carry out in accordance withISO 15025:2000, Procedure B edge ignition on a hemmed fabric specimen after the pre-treatment specified in clause 2.2.3 using the edge application procedure and a flameapplication time of 10 s. The following requirements shall be satisfied:

a) no specimen shall give molten or flaming debris;

b) the mean value of the afterflame time shall be 2 s;

c) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be 2 s.

d) the char length shall be 100 mm.

The hemmed fabric specimen shall be prepared in the same manner as used in theconstruction of the clothing.

Retroreflective and fluorescent materials shall be fixed with the bottom edge unstitchedto the fabric specimen.

2.3.2 Heat transfer (radiation)

The single layer, the component assembly or multilayer clothing assembly, excluding

any retroreflective or fluorescent materials shall be tested. Tests shall be carried outafter 5 cleaning cycles as specified in clause 2.2.3. When tested in accordance withMethod B of ISO 6942:2002 with a heat flux density of 20 kW/m 2 the single layer, thecomponent assembly or multilayer clothing assembly shall have the minimum level asfollowing:

RHTI24 8 s tf 70% RHTI24 - RHTI12 3 s

2.3.3 Heat resistance

2.3.3.1 Materials

Each material including badges, patches, embroideries, hardware and closure systemsshall be tested separately. Tests shall be carried out after 5 cleaning cycles as specifiedin clause 2 2 3 When tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000 at a temperature of

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2.3.3.3 Retroreflective/fluorescent materials

Retroreflective and/or fluorescent materials shall be tested separately in accordance with

Table 2.1. Tests shall be carried out after 5 cleaning cycles as specified in clause 2.2.3.When tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000, no material shall melt, drip or ignite.The retroreflectivity after testing shall be 100 cd/lux/m2, with the observing angle at 12minutes and the entrance angle at 5 degrees.

Table 2.1Retroreflective/fluorescent material heat resistance testing

Test parameter ormeasurement

Performancelevel 1

Performancelevel 2

Test temperature 180 5 C 260 5 CPermissible shrinkage 5% 10%

2.3.4 Heat resistance of the main seam sewing threads

Main seam sewing threads as supplied in the constructed state shall be tested inaccordance with ISO 15025:2000, Procedure A face ignition after the pre-treatmentspecified in clause 2.2.3 using the surface application procedure and a flame applicationtime of 10 s shall not melt, drip or ignite.

2.3.5 Retroreflective/fluorescent materials

Where retroreflective and/or fluorescent materials are attached to the clothing thesematerials shall meet the requirements in clauses 2.3.1, 2.3.3.3 and 2.7.

2.3.6 Heat transfer (flame exposure)

The garment, when tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995 shall give the followingminimum performance:

HTI24 9 s and (HTI24 - HTI12) 3 s

2.4 Mechanical requirements

2.4.1 Tensile strength

When tested in accordance with ISO 13934-1:1998 the outer material shall give abreaking load in both machine and cross direction:

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2.4.3 Main seam strength

Main seams in the outer garment when tested in accordance with ISO 13935-2:1999shall give a seam strength:

250 N

2.5 Ergonomic and comfort requirements

2.5.1 Thermal resistance

When tested in accordance with ISO 11092:1993 the material or material combinationshall give a thermal resistance:

0.055 m2 K/W

2.5.2 Water vapor resistance

When tested in accordance with ISO 11092:1993 the material or material combination

shall give a water vapor resistance:

10 m2 Pa/W

2.6 Dimensional change after washing and/or dry cleaning

Dimensional changes shall be measured in accordance with ISO 5077:1984.

Garments labeled for washing only: 5 cleaning cycles shall be carried out according toISO 6330:2000, washing Procedure 2A with a drying cycle according to Procedure E.

Garments labelled as dry cleanable: 5 dry cleaning cycles shall be carried out accordingto ISO 3175-1:1998.

Dimensional change shall not exceed 3 % in either the machine and cross direction.

2.7 Retroreflective/fluorescent performance

Retroreflective/fluorescent material when tested in accordance with EN 471:1994,following the CIE 54 measurement protocol, shall have a coefficient of retroreflectivity 100 cd/lux/m2 with an entrance angle of 5 degrees and observation angle of 12 minutes.

2.8 Marking

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3. Gloves

3.1 Design requirements

3.1.1 Component assembly

Gloves shall consist of a component assembly meeting the performance requirements ofthis International Standard. This component assembly shall be permitted to beconfigured as a continuous or joined single layer, or as continuous or joined multiplelayers.

3.1.2 Glove body length

The glove body length shall extend circumferentially beyond the wrist crease not lessthan 25 mm. The location of the wrist crease shall be determined as shown in Figure3.1.

Key1 - Dactylion III

a - Stylionb - Wrist creasec - Proximal edge of navicular

Figure 3.1 Anatomical landmarks at base of hand

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3.1.4.1 Minimum sizing

Gloves shall be provided in a minimum of 6 unique and distinct sizes. The manufacturershall indicate the range in hand circumference and hand length for wearers of eachglove size as determined in clause 3.1.4.2.

NOTE The intent of this requirement is to allow manufacturers to report information tothe user that assists in their selection of the appropriate size. Standard sizes are notdefined by this International Standard.

3.1.4.2 Hand dimensions

Hand dimensions for selection of proper glove size shall consist of measuring twodimensions, hand circumference and hand length, as shown in Figure 3.2.

Hand circumference shall be measured by placing the measuring tape on a table orother flat surface with the numerals facing downward. The subject shall place the righthand, palm down and fingers together, in the middle of the tape so that the tape canpass straight across the knuckles (metacarpals). The circumference shall be measured

to the nearest millimetre, 20 mm from the crotch between thumb and index finger asshown in Figure 3.2.

Hand length shall be measured by placing the subject's hand, palm down, on a piece ofpaper with the fingers together and the hand and arm in a straight line. The thumb shallbe fully abducted, extended away from the palm as far as possible. The paper shall bemarked at the tip of the third, or middle, finger. A pencil mark shall be placed in the notchat the base of the thumb where the thumb joins the wrist. The straight line distance

between the two points shall be measured to the nearest millimeter, as shown in Figure3.2.

Dimensions in millimetres

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Glove size shall be indicated on the label.

NOTE Manufacturers should also provide information to the end-user or purchaser on

how they have defined their sizes in terms of hand length and circumference.

3.1.5 Leather chromium VI content

Leather used in the construction of gloves shall have a Cr(VI) content of less than 10mg/kg when tested in accordance with EN 420:2003, Annex B.

3.1.6 Other design requirements

Gloves shall be designed to restrict the entry of embers or foreign particles through theglove openings.

Gloves shall be compatible with the sleeves of the firefighters protective clothing used.

Any labels or accessories shall not adversely affect the performance of the gloves orpresent a hazard to the wearer.

3.2 Sampling and pretreatment

3.2.1 Inspection

Inspection for determining compliance with the design requirements specified in clause6.1 shall be performed on whole gloves.

3.2.2 Testing

3.2.2.1 Specimens

Testing for determining material and component compliance with the requirementsspecified in clause 3.3 shall be performed on samples representative of materials andcomponents used in the actual construction of the protective glove. If suitably sizedrepresentative materials and components for the respective test method cannot beobtained, then samples from the glove shall be used as specified in the performancerequirement.

3.2.2.2 Exposure surface

In all surface tests, the outermost surface shall be exposed.

3.2.2.3 Interpretation criteria

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When pretreatment is specified as part of the test procedure or performancerequirement, then the test materials shall be cycled through five cleaning cycles.Washing shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 6330:2000 by Procedure 2A at 60

C 3 C using a front loading horizontal drum machine with a detergent which achievesa pH of 7,0 and drying shall be carried out by Procedure E (tumble drying) unlessotherwise specified in the care labelling. A total of five cleaning cycles shall be used. Alaundry bag shall not be used.

After the five cleaning cycles, sample gloves shall be donned by a test subject and shallbe flexed by making a tight fist 10 times during a 30 s period.

3.2.3.2 Dry conditioning

Sample gloves and sample specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 20 2C and at a relative humidity of 65 5 % for at least 24 h in accordance with ISO139:1973.

Sample gloves and sample specimens shall be tested within 5 min of removal fromconditioning.

NOTE This conditioning is used in some cases after washing pretreatment to ensurethat the gloves are totally dry before testing.

3.2.3.3 Wet conditioning

Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be conditioned by completely immersing theglove or the glove specimen in water at a temperature of 20 2 C for 2 min. If glovesare used the glove specimen shall be first filled with water prior to immersion.

Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be removed from the water, hung in a verticalposition for 5 min with the fingers uppermost, laid horizontal with textile blotting paperboth under and over the specimen, under a pressure of 3,5 kPa for a period of 20 min.Sample gloves or sample specimens shall be tested within 5 min of conditioning.

3.3 Performance requirements

3.3.1 Thermal requirements

3.3.1.1 Flame resistance

The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000,Procedure A face ignition, before and after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1followed by the pretreatment specified in clause 3 2 3 2 shall meet the following

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d) the mean value of the afterglow time shall be 2 s.

If suitably sized representative materials cannot be obtained then the whole glove shall

be used for testing. The flame shall be contacted on the glove at the palm side, backside and fingers. Turn out the glove to verify if no melting or destruction of material hasoccurred.

If the glove assembly incorporates wristlet material, this material shall be testedseparately applying the flame to the outer surface of the wristlet material.

If the glove assembly incorporates seams, specimens of component assembly

containing seams shall be tested separately by applying the flame to the seam portion ofthe component assembly with the seam oriented vertically.

Performance shall be determined using the poorest results from all areas of the glovethat are tested.

3.3.1.2 Heat transfer (flame exposure)

The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995 shall

give the following minimum performance:

HTI24 9 s and (HTI24 - HTI12) 3 s

Testing shall be performed on the glove component assembly after the followingpretreatments:

a) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.

b) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1 and then followed by thepretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.

Where different, the palm and back sides of the glove shall be tested. The performanceof the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean results for each side.

3.3.1.3 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)

The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 6942:2002 MethodB and shall give the following minimum performance and shall have a meantransmission factor 70 %:

20 kW/m2 RHTI24 8 s and (RHTI24 - RHTI12) 3 s

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3.3.1.4 Heat transfer (conductive exposure)

The glove component assembly, when tested in accordance with ISO 12127:1996 at acontact temperature of 250 C shall give the following minimum performance:

tt 6 s

Testing shall be performed on the glove component assembly after the following

pretreatments:

a) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.

b) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1 and then followed by thepretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.2.

c) after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1 and then followed by thepretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.3.


3.3.1.5 Heat resistance

Complete glove specimens, when tested in accordance with the method described inISO 17493:2000, using the procedures for protective gloves at the test temperature of

260 C after the pretreatment specified in clause 3.2.3.1, shall not melt, separate orignite, and shall not shrink 10 % as specified in length or width.

Specimens of the innermost lining of the glove body component assembly that isdesigned to come into contact with the wearer's skin, when tested in accordance with themethod given in ISO 17493:2000, using the procedure for flat textile or other sheetmaterials at the test temperature of 260 C after the pretreatment specified in clause3.2.3.1, shall not melt, separate or ignite.

3.3.2 Mechanical requirements

3.3.2.1 Abrasion resistance

Specimens of the outer material from the palm area of the glove body componentassembly when tested in accordance with ISO 12947-4:1996 with a 300 g/m2 finish glass

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3.3.2.2 Cut resistance

Specimens of the outer material from the palm and back areas of the glove body

component assembly and where cuffs or wristlets are provided when tested inaccordance with ISO 13997:1999 after the pretreatments specified in clauses 3.2.3.2and 3.2.3.3, shall give the following minimum performance:

Cut force 7 N


3.3.2.3 Tear resistance

Specimens of outer material from the palm area of the glove body component assemblywhen tested in accordance with EN 388:2003 Clause 6.3 after the pretreatment specifiedin clause 3.2.3.2, shall give the following minimum performance:

Tear resistance 25 N

Where different, the palm and back sides of the glove shall be tested. The performanceof the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean of the results for each side.

3.3.2.4 Puncture resistance

Specimens of outer material from the palm area of the glove body component assemblywhen tested in accordance with ISO 13996:1999 after the pretreatments specified inclauses 3.2.3.2 and 3.2.3.3, shall give the following minimum performance:

Puncture resistance 60 N

Where different, the palm and back sides of the glove shall be tested. The performanceof the glove shall be determined using the lowest mean of the results for each side.

3.3.2.5 Label legibility

Specimen glove labels when tested after pretreatment as specified in clause 3.2.3.1

shall be legible at a distance of at least 30 cm by a person with 20/20 vision, or visioncorrected to 20/20.

3.3.3 Ergonomic requirements

3.3.3.1 Dexterity

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Specimen gloves when tested in accordance with Annex C after the pretreatmentsspecified in clauses 3.2.3.1 and 3.2.3.3, shall not have a weight pulling capacity lessthan 80 % of the bare hand control values.

3.3.3.3 Donning

Specimen gloves when tested in accordance with Annex D after the pretreatmentspecified in clause 3.2.3.1, shall not have a donning time exceeding the baselinedonning time plus 20 s.

3.4 Marking

Marking shall comply with Clause 11.

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4. Helmets

4.1 General

Wildland firefighters require head protective devices to minimise the impact orpenetration caused by falling tree branches as well as provide protection to the headfrom flames, burning embers and radiant heat. The head protective device shall also befitted with a securing mechanisms to prevent it from being dislodged during wildlandfirefighting operations.


Head protective devices used for wildland firefighters shall meet the performancerequirements of ISO 3873:1977 as well as the additional tests in Clauses 4.3, 4.4 and4.5.

4.3 Flame tests

When tested by the method given in ISO 3873:1977 the material of the shell shall notburn with the emission of flame after a period of 5 s has elapsed after removal of the

flame.

4.4 High temperature stability

Head protective devices when tested in accordance with Paragraph G4 (Test 1) ofAnnex G shall show no visible distortion of the shell. Head protective devices to betested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.

Any failure of headbands or other internal components during this test (e.g. melting orcollapse of the headband) shall not be the basis for rejection of the head protectivedevice.

NOTE The purpose of this test is to ensure the suitability of the shell material when it isexposed to radiant heat sources capable of raising the shell of the head protectivedevice to 120 oC. Headbands within the head protective device and in contact with thewearers head will not contact or be exposed to such sources.

4.5 High radiant heat environments

Head protective devices when tested in accordance with Paragraph G5 (Test 2) ofAnnex G shall meet the following requirements:

a) No part of the head protective device shell shall touch the headform

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e) No melting or dripping is allowed.

Any failure of headbands or other internal components during this test (e.g. melting orcollapse of the headband) shall not be the basis of rejection of the head protectivedevice.

NOTE The purpose of this test is to ensure the suitability of the shell material when it isexposed to radiant heat sources capable of raising the shell of the head protectivedevice to 200 oC for a short period of time. Headbands within the head protective deviceand in contact with the wearers head will not contact or be exposed to such sources.

4.6 Marking


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5. Footwear

5.1 Design

Footwear for wildland firefighters shall be selected from the designs in Figure 5.1.

1

a) b) c)

d)

e) Figure 5.1 : Designs of footwear

1 : variable extension which can be adapted to the wearer

a : low shoe (not allowed)b : ankle bootd : knee height boot

c : Half-knee boot

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5.2 Sampling and conditioning

The minimum number of samples, i.e. separate items of footwear, to be tested in order

to check compliance with the requirements specified in Clause 5 and EN ISO20344:2004, together with the minimum number of test pieces taken from each sample,is given in Table 5.1.

Wherever possible, test pieces shall be taken from the whole footwear unless otherwisestated.

NOTE If it is not possible to obtain a large enough test piece from the footwear, then a

sample of the material from which the component has been manufactured can be usedinstead and this should be noted in the test report.

Where samples are required from each of three sizes, these shall comprise the largest,smallest and a middle size of the footwear under test.

All test pieces shall be conditioned in a standard atmosphere of 23 2 C and 50%

5% relative humidity for a minimum of 48 h before testing, unless otherwise stated in the

test method.

The maximum time which shall elapse between removal from the conditioningatmosphere and the start of testing shall be not greater than 10 min, unless otherwisestated in the test method.

Each test piece shall individually satisfy the specific requirement, unless otherwisestated in the test method.

Table 5.1. Minimum number of samples and test specimens or test pieces

ISO 16073Clause reference

Number of samplesNumber of test pieces

from each sample

Requirement as per EN ISO 20344:2004 and plus

Thread melting 5.3.3.2 3 Threads 1

Laces melting 5.3.3.1 3 laces 1

Contact heat 5.3.3.3.1 1 pair 1 pairRadiant heat 5.3.3.3.2 1 pair 1 pair

Flame 5.3.3.3.3 1 pair 1 pair

5.3 REQUIREMENTS

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Table 5.2: General requirements

Reference Test MarkingSymbolRequirements

EN ISO20345 :2004

ISO 16073

Height of upper 5.2.1 X

Specific ergonomic features 5.3.4 X

Leakproofness 5.3.3 N/A

WholeFootwear

Water resistance 6.2.5 X

Heat resistance 5.3.2.3.4 X

Flame resistance 5.3.2.3.3 X

Design B Figure 15.2.2 X

Design C and D Figure 1 5.2.2 X

General

Seatregion

Design E Figure 1 5.2.2 -

Construction 5.3.1.1 X

Upper/outsole bond strength 5.3.1.2 X

Contact heat 5.3.2.3.1X

(At least

HI1 )

HI1 or HI2or HI3

Slip Resistance Subject to current review

Energy absorption of seat region 6.2.4 X

Sole

performance

Penetration resistance 6.2.1 O P

WholeFootwear

General 5.3.2.1 O T

Toe cap length 5.3.2.2 O T

impact resistance 5.3.2.3 O T

Rigidity of toe 5.3.2.4 * R

Compression resistance 5.3.2.4 O

ToeProtection

corrosion resistance of metal toe capsNon Metallic toe caps

5.3.2.55.3.2.6

OO

Electricalproperties

Electrical Insulating footwearAntistatic footwear

5.3.2.5 XIA

insulation against heat 6.2.3.1 XResistance toinimical

environments insulation against cold * C

Thread/Laces Melting5.3.2.15.3.2.2

O

Zipper 5.5.1 O

Eyelet & Stud Post Attachment 5.5.2 O

Metatarsal protection 6.2.6 * M

accessories

Ankle Protection 6.2.7 * AN

Tear strength 5.4.2 X

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Table 5.2 (continued)

Reference Test MarkingSymbolRequirements

EN ISO20345 :2004

ISO 16073

Upper construction 6.3.2 X

Thread Melting 5.3.2.2 O

Radiant heat 5.3.2.3.2 XUpper

Flame resistance 5.3.2.3.3 X

Tear strength 5.5.1 X

Abrasion resistance 5.5.2 XWater vapor permeability andcoefficient

5.5.3 X

Chromium VI 5.5.5 X

Vamp lining

Tear strength 5.5.1 O

Abrasion resistance 5.5.2 O

Water vapor permeability andcoefficient

5.5.3 O

Chromium VI 5.5.5 X

Quarter lining

Tear strength 5.6.1 O

Chromium VI 5.6.3 OTongue

Chromium VI Table 5.3 X

Water absorption and desorption Table 5.3 X

Abrasion resistance Table 5.3 X

Insole

Tear Strength 5.8.2 X

Abrasion resistance 5.8.3 X

Flexing resistance 5.8.4 X

Hydrolysis 5.8.5 X

Interlayer bond strength 5.8.6 O

Resistance to fuel oil 5.8.7 XCleated area 6.4.2 X

Cleat height 5.4.2 X

Cleat design 5.4.1 X

Breast heel 5 4 3 X

Outsole

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X means that the requirement has to be met. In some cases the requirement relates onlyto particular materials within the classification e.g. pH value of leather components.This does not mean that other materials are precluded from use.

O means that if the component part exists, the requirement has to be met.

- means not allowed.

* means that if the property is claimed, the requirement given in the appropriate clausehas to be met.

obligatory one of the 2 requirements shall be choosen.

N/A not applicable.

The absence of X, - orO indicates that no requirement is made.

Table 5.3 : Basic requirements for insoles and insocks

Requirements to fulfil EN ISO 20345:2004

OptionsComponent

to beassessed

pH

5.7.2

Water

absorption

desorption

5.7.3

Abrasion

5.7.4.1

Chromium

VI

5.7.5

Abrasion

5.7.4.2

1

No insole or if

present not

fulfilling the

requirements

Nonremovable

insockInsock X X X X

No insock2

Seat sock

present

Insole X X X X

Insock and

insole

together

X3

Full insock,non

removableInsock X X X

Insole X X X X4

Full insock,

removable

and water

permeable Insock X X X

Insole X X X X

5

Insolepresent

Full insock,

removable,

not water

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5.3.2 Whole footwear

5.3.2.1 Laces

When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.1, the laces shallnot melt, drip or ignite and remain functional.

5.3.2.2 Thread

When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.1, the thread shallnot melt, drip or ignite and remain functional.

5.3.2.3 Thermal behaviour

5.3.2.3.1 Contact heat

When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.2 the footwear shallmeet at least one of the levels defined in Table 5.4. After testing, the footwear shallremain functional (see Annex E).

Table 5.4 : Level of performance for contact heat

HI 2 HI 3

Sandbath (oC) 250 250

Inside temperature of thefootwear (oC)

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5.3.2.4 Rigidity of the forepart of footwear

When footwear is tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.5, the

clearance under the toecap at a compression load of 500 N 10 N shall be not less thanthe appropriate value given in Table 5.5.

Table 5.5 Minimum clearance under toecaps at compression

Size of footwear Minimum internal clearance (mm)

Paris points English36 and below 3 and below 12,5

37 and 38 4 and 5 13,039 and 40 6 13,5

41 and 42 7 and 8 14,0

43 and 44 9 and 10 14,5

45 and above 11 and above 15,0

5.3.2.5 Electrical Properties

Electrical properties shall comply with either clause 5.3.2.5.1 or clause 5.3.2.5.2.

5.3.2.5.1 Electrically Insulating footwear

Footwear identified as electrically insulating shall comply with all the requirements givenin clause 6.2.2.3 of EN ISO 20345:2004.

5.3.2.5.2 Antistatic footwear

Footwear identified as antistatic shall comply with all the requirements given in clause6.2.2.2 of EN ISO 20345:2004.

5.4 Outsole

5.4.1 Heel breast

The outsole shall have an inclined-breast heel. Distance 'a' (the waist area) shall be at

least 35 mm, angle shall be greater than 90 and less than 120 and dimension 'b'shall be at least 10mm. (See Figure 7.2).

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5.5 Accessories

5.5.1 Zipper (Slide fastener)

When tested in accordance with the methods described in clause 5.6.6 the attachmentstrength of the puller shall be greater than 250 N and the lateral strength shall be greaterthan 370 N.

5.5.2 Eyelet and Stud Post attachment

When tested in accordance with the method described in clause 5.6.7 the attachmentstrength shall be greater than 400 N.

5.6 Test methods

5.6.1 Thread and Lace Heat Resistance Test

5.6.1.1 Principle

This test method determines the melting point of thread, using a hot contact plate andmagnifying glass.

5.6.1.2 Equipment

5.6.1.2.1 Apparatus, An electrically heated stage, having a circular depression largeenough to insert a micro cover glass with a variable transformer controlling the rate ofinput into the stage, and with armoured stem thermometer with a range of 150 to 300 C

accurate to 1 C.

5.6.1.2.2 Low powered magnifying glass (at least 10 x).

5.6.1.2.3 Two micro cover glasses.

5.6.1.2.4 A spatula Pick needle or other instrument for applying pressure to the coverglasses.

5.6.1.2.5 Soxhlet extraction apparatus.

5.6.1.3 Specimen

The specimen shall be extract with chloroform for a minimum of 20 extractions in aSoxhlet extractor and dried The specimen shall then be cut into lengths of 0 2 cm

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placed for testing. The specimen shall be placed in a small mound on a cover glass andcovered with another cover glass. The cover glasses shall be pressed together gentlybut firmly, and placed in a circular depression on the stage. The temperature of the

stage shall be quickly raised to a temperature 240 C below the expected melting point,and thereafter at a rate of 3 to 4 C per minute until a temperature of 260 C is reached.A slight pressure shall be applied to the top cover glass to make sure that the coverglass remain in contact with the complete fibre. The specimen shall be observed with theaid of a magnifying glass and a determination made at 260 C whether the specimenhas ignited, melted or charred. Two different specimens shall be tested.

5.6.1.5. Report

Specimens which show ignition, melting or charring at, or below 260 C, shall bereported as failing the test. Specimens which do not show these characteristics at 260C shall be reported as passing the test.

5.6.2 Contact heat

Condition the samples at least two days in 23 2 C and a relative humidity of 50 2 %.

The test shall be conducted according to the procedure described in EN ISO20344:2004 clause 5.12.

5.6.3 Radiant heat

All different material including the seams and the closing mechanisms shall be tested. Atleast 3 test pieces from the upper of one pair of footwear (dimension at least 80 x 80mm) shall be tested.

NOTE Test pieces are including lining and padding.

Test the test pieces shall be tested according to EN ISO 6942:2002 Method B at a heatflux density of 20 kW/m exposing the outer surface of each test piece to the radiantheat. The result is the lowest value of t24.

5.6.4 Flame Resistance Test

5.6.4.1 Conditioning

All different external materials, including external seams, as provided as a completesample of footwear shall be tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 after beingconditioned at 23 2 0C and 50 5% relative humidity for at least 48 hours.

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5.6.4.2.2 Secure the boot so that the appropriate part of the boot to be tested is 17 1mm directly above the top of the bunsen burner.

5.6.4.2.3 Ignite the burner and preheat it for 2 min and adjust the flame to 35 2 mm inheight in accordance with ISO 15025:2000.

5.6.4.2.4 Position the burner as in clause 5.6.4.2.2 and apply the flame for 10 s to thedesignated area.

5.6.4.2.5 Remove the flame and measure the after-flame and after-glow as defined inISO 15025 and record.

5.6.4.2.6 Repeat Procedures in clause 5.6.4.2.2, 5.6.4.2.4 and 5.6.4.2.5 for all differentexternal materials used in the construction of the footwear and external seams

5.6.4.2.7 The footwear shall neither flame for more than 2 s (after-flame time) or glowmore than 2 s (after-glow time).

5.6.4.2.8 When the flame is removed the footwear shall remain functional.

5.6.5 Rigidity of Toe

Test in accordance with EN ISO 20344:2004 Clause 5.5 subject to the following change,compress with a load of 500 N.

5.6.6 Zipper Tests

5.6.6.1 Puller Attachment Strength

5.6.6.1.1 Principle

The puller is subjected to tension whilst the slider is rigidly supported.

5.6.6.1.2 Apparatus

A tensile machine which produces a constant rate of jaw separation of 100 20 mm/min.A plate to mask the slider so that tension is confined to the puller and its attachment to

the slider.

5.6.6.1.3 Procedure

Mount the slider in the lower jaw of the tensile with the puller passed through themasking plate Clearing the end of the puller in the upper jaw of tester so that tension is

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5.6.6.2.1 Principle

The zipper is subjected to a lateral force to measure the resistance of the closed zip toopening. The force required to cause failure of the zipper ie measured and the type offailure recorded.

5.6.6.2.2 Apparatus

A tensile machine with a jaw separation rate of 100 20 mm/min. The facility to recordthe force throughout the test. Gripping jaws of 25 mm wide and constructed and finishedso as no to damage the tape of the zipper.

5.6.6.2.3 Test Specimens

Three test pieces from one or more zippers so that the minimum length of closed chainfor each test is 75 mm.

5.6.6.2.4 Procedure

Clamp the test specimen in the jaws of the testing machine so that there is at least 25mm of closed chain either side of the jaws. The jaws shall be positioned 3 mm from thechain. Figure 5.3 shows the arrangement. Set the machine in operation and measurethe force to induce failure. Three test pieces shall be tested and the mean value of thethree test results reported.

Figure 5.3 Zipper Test

5 6 7 E l t d St d P t tt h t

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5.6.7.2 Apparatus

A tensile testing machine with:

a) Jaw separation rate of 100 20 mm/min.

b) The capability of measuring the forces up to 1 Kn.

c) A strong nylon or polyester lace of a weight that might be used with the fastening inthe footwear.

5.6.7.3 Preparation of test specimens

a) Cut at least 3 test specimens from the footwear.

b) Cut a rectangle from the facing as shown in Figure 5.4. Mark the clamping line ontothe test specimen 15 1 mm from the eyelet or stud post.

Figure 5.4 : Eyelet and Stud Sample

5.6.7.4 Procedure

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Tearing of the upper.

Distortion or breakage of the stud post.

Pulling out of the stud post eyelet or attachment rivets.

Breakage of the lace.

d) Record the force at which failure occurs in Newtons to the nearest 5 N.

e) If breakage of the lace occurs the result is invalid unless the result obtained is wellabove specification. If necessary use a stronger lace.

f) Calculate the arithmetic mean of the three test specimens and record this valuetogether with the type of failure.

5.6.8 Heat Resistance Test

5.6.8.1 Test Method

The complete item of footwear with all attachments shall be suspended in a hot aircirculating oven at 1200C and tested in accordance with ISO 17493:2000 for 4 hours.

5.6.8.2 Test Report

Observe and report:

a) Any ignition of the specimen.b) Any melting of the specimen, hole formation, dripping.c) Any separation of the specimen, splitting, delamination.d) Any shrinkage of the specimen in either length or width direction, if the shrinkage is

greater than 10%.

5.7 Electrical properties

5.7.1 Antistatic footwear

Each pair of antistatic footwear shall be supplied with a leaflet containing the followingwording.

Antistatic footwear should be used if it is necessary to minimize electrostatic build-up bydissipating electrostatic charges, thus avoiding the risk of spark ignition of, for exampleflammable substances and vapours, and if the risk of electric shock from any electricalapparatus or live parts has not been completely eliminated. It should be noted, however,that antistatic footwear cannot guarantee an adequate protection against electric shockas it introduces only a resistance between foot and floor If the risk of electric shock has

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of a product when new, in order to ensure some limited protection against dangerouselectric shock or ignition in the event of any electrical apparatus becoming defectivewhen operating at voltages of up to 250 V. However, under certain conditions, users

should be aware that the footwear might give inadequate protection and additionalprovisions to protect the wearer should be taken at all times.

The electrical resistance of this type of footwear can be changed significantly by flexing,contamination or moisture. This footwear will not perform its intended function if worn inwet conditions. It is, therefore, necessary to ensure that the product is capable offulfilling its designed function of dissipating electrostatic charges and also of giving someprotection during the whole of its life. The user is recommended to establish an in-housetest for electrical resistance and use it at regular and frequent intervals.

Classification I footwear can absorb moisture if worn for prolonged periods and in moistand wet conditions can become conductive.

If the footwear is worn in conditions where the soling material becomes contaminated,wearers should always check the electrical properties of the footwear before entering ahazard area.

Where antistatic footwear is in use, the resistance of the flooring should be such that itdoes not invalidate the protection provided by the footwear.

In use, no insulating elements should be introduced between the inner sole of thefootwear and the foot of the wearer. If any insert is put between the inner sole and thefoot, the combination footwear/insert should be checked for its electrical properties.

5.7.2 Electrically insulating footwear

Footwear with insulating properties provide limited protection against the inadvertentcontact with damaged electrical apparatus and therefore each pair shall be supplied withthe following information.

a) Footwear with insulating properties shall be worn if there is a danger of electricshock, for example from damaged live electrical apparatus.

b) Electrically insulating footwear cannot guarantee 100% protection from electric shock

and additional measures to avoid this risk are essential. Such measures, as well asthe additional tests mentioned below, should be part of a routine risk assessmentprogram.

c) The electrical resistance of footwear should meet the requirements of EN50321:2000 clause 6 3 at any time throughout the life of the footwear

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e) If footwear is worn in conditions where the soling material becomes contaminated,for example by chemicals, caution should be taken when entering hazardous areas

as this may well affect the electrical properties of the footwear.

f) It is recommended that the users establish an appropriate means of having theelectrical insulating properties of footwear inspected and tested whilst in service.

5.8 Marking

Marking shall comply with Clause 11

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6. Eyewear

6.1 General

Note: Wildland firefighters eyes are exposed to irritants such as smoke particles and offgassing chemicals which will cause severe irritation and discomfort to the eyes. Eyeprotective devises should protect the eyes from the ingress of smoke particles and otherirritants. The complete eyes protective device shall also prevent fogging.

6.2 Performance

All eye protective devices shall meet the requirements and optional tests of ISO4849:1981 as follows.

6.3 Impact Tests

The complete eye protective device shall withstand the lateral and frontal impacts asdefined in ISO 4849:1981.

6.4 Stability at an elevated temperature

The complete eye protective device shall show no apparent deformation when tested bythe method specified in ISO 4849:1981.

6.5 Prolonged high temperature stability

The complete eye protective device when tested in accordance with Paragraph G4 (Test1) of Annex G shall show no breakage or visible distortion of the body. The complete eyeprotective device to be tested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.

6.6 Extreme high radiant heat environments

The complete eye protective device when tested in accordance with Paragraph G5 (Test2) of Annex G shall show no breakage or visible distortion of the body. The complete eyeprotective device to be tested shall have previously been conditioned at 50 oC.

6.7 Resistance to corrosion

After having undergone the test for resistance to corrosion specified in ISO 4849:1981all metal parts of the complete eye protective device shall display smooth surfaces, freefrom corrosion, when they are examined by a trained observer.

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The complete eye protective device shall be tested in accordance with the methodspecified in ISO 4849:1981. The result shall be considered to be satisfactory if thereflectance after the test is not less than 80% of its value before the test.

6.10 Resistance to surface damage by fine particles

The complete eye protective device shall be resistant to surface damage by fineparticles as defined in ISO 4849:1981.

6.11 Resistance to fogging

The complete eye protective device shall remain free from fogging to a minimum of 8 s

when tested in accordance with ISO 4849:1981.

6. 12 Marking


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7. Hearing Devices

7.1 General

Note: Hearing protective devices may be required to protect wildland firefighters frommechanically generated noise produced from equipment such as; chainsaws, pumpsand blowers. A risk assessment should be carried out to determine the need if any, forthe provision of hearing protective equipment.


Hearing protective devices used for wildland firefighters shall meet the performance

requirements of EN 352:2002 subject to risk assessment and type of hearing protectivedevice utilised.

7.3 Marking


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8. Respirator

8.1 General

Note 1: This clause will contain the performance requirements for Respiratory ProtectiveDevices (RPD) for Wildland Firefighting.

Note 2: No suitable protection methodology has yet been identified and ISO/TC 94/SC15 (Respiratory Protection) will provide these requirements that will be based uponrespiratory environment criteria provided by ISO/TC 94/SC 14/WG 3.

Note 3: Until such performance requirements are available, the choice of suitable RPD

to be used in conjunction with the Wildland PPE identified in this standard, should bebased upon a local risk assessment and control measures adopted.

8.2 Marking


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9 Fire hood

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9. Fire hood

The fire hood shall be close fitting and able to be worn without discomfort or significant

restriction to head movement. The fire hood shall fit around the head, face and neck andbe compatible with any eye wear without reducing the field of view.

Labels and closure systems or accessories shall be tested to the heat and flamerequirements.

NOTE 1 Over-stretching will reduce the heat protective performance of the fire hoodand should be avoided by design.

NOTE 2 Excess material in the construction of the fire hood may hamper the wearerand compromise the wearing of other personal protective equipment.

9.1 Facial opening

The fire hood shall have a facial opening to fit around the eyewear creating an interfacearea, the integrity of which shall be maintained.

9.2 Yoke interface area

The fire hood shall have a yoke creating an interface area with the personal protectiveequipment, the integrity of which shall be maintained.

9.3 Sizing

The fire hood shall be manufactured in various sizes or vary in sizes such that when

worn, the hood shall be close fitting to the head and neck without over-stretching thematerial.

9.4 Flexibility

The fire hood shall have flexibility to take up the shape of the wearer's head withoutdiscomfort, and shall not restrict head movement.

9.5 Labels

Labels shall be positioned in the area defined as the yoke of the fire hood.

9.6 Sampling and pre-conditioning

ISO/CD 16073.2

The performance requirements shall be met after sampling and preconditioning

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The performance requirements shall be met after sampling and preconditioningaccording to Clause 9.6.

9.8 Flame resistance (surface ignition)

Flame resistance shall be tested in accordance with ISO 15025:2000 Procedure A, andshall satisfy the following requirements.

a) No specimen shall give flaming to top or either side edge;

b) No specimen shall give hole formation in any layer;

c) No specimen shall give flaming or molten debris;

d) The mean value of after flame time shall be 2 s;

9.9 Heat resistance

Each material used in the clothing assembly when tested in accordance with ISO17493:2000, at a temperature of 2600C shall not melt, drip, separate, or ignite, or shrinkmore than 10%.

9.10 Heat transfer (flame exposure)

When tested in accordance with ISO 9151:1995, shall achieve the respectiveperformance in Table 9.1.

Table 9.1 Heat transfer (flame exposure)

Heat transfer index Result

HTI24 9s

HTI24 - HTI12 3s

9.11 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)

When tested in accordance with ISO 6942:2002, Method B at a heat flux density of 20kW/m2 shall achieve the respective performance in Table 9.2.

Table 9.2 Heat transfer (radiant exposure)

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When tested in accordance with ISO 5081:1977 after pretreatment of the complete

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When tested in accordance with ISO 5081:1977 after pretreatment of the completeassembly by ISO 6942:2002, Method A at the respective heat flux density and shallachieve the respective performance in Table 9.3.

Table 9.3 Residual strength following radiant exposure

Test parameter ormeasurement

Result

Heat flux density 20 kW/m2

Tensile strength 450 N

Testing shall be performed on a minimum of three machine and three cross machinespecimens. A 50 mm wide tensile specimen shall be obtained by cutting the exposedspecimen on both sides so that the exposed specimen area is in the middle of the tensilespecimen.

Tensile strength shall be separately determined in the machine and cross machinedirections. The average tensile strength for each direction shall be calculated and usedto determine compliance with this requirement.

9.13 Seam breaking strength

One specimen of each seam type used in the construction of the fire-hood shall have a

burst strength of 450 kPa when tested in accordance with ISO 13939-1: using a testarea of 7.3 cm2 and a testing time to burst of (30 +/- 10) s.

9.14 Dimensional change

The material or component assembly shall have a dimensional change 5 % whentested in accordance with ISO 5077:1984 using the laundering specified in Clause 9.7.

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10. Compatibility (Optional)

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10. Compatibility (Optional)

This clause is designed to assist in the determination of compatibility of Wildland

firefighting PPE.

10.1 Mobility tests

10.1.1 Test subjects

For this test, a group of three adults in the large, medium and small size range on theprotective clothing shall be selected for the test subjects.

10.2 Test method

10.2.1 Climbing vertical ladder test

Each test subject wearing only normal clothing and without any personal protectiveequipment shall climb up and down a vertical ladder of a height of 5 m. The timerequired for this work shall be measured for each test subject and recorded as the timewithout personal protective equipment.

Then each test subject wearing the personal protective equipment (including clothing,gloves, boots and helmet) shall climb up and down the same vertical ladder. The timerequired for this work shall be measured for each test subject and recorded as the timewith personal protective equipment.

10.2.2 Work simulation test

Each test subject wearing only normal clothing and without any personal protectiveequipment shall perform the series of activities specified in figure 10.1. Each timerequired for climbing up and down the ladder, climbing up and down the staircase, andthe series of activities in total shall be measured for each test subject and recorded asthe time without personal protective equipment.

Then each test subject wearing the personal protective equipment (including clothing,gloves, boots and helmet) shall perform the same activities. Each time required for theactivities shall be measured in the same manner as above for each test subject and

recorded as the time with personal protective equipment.

10.2.3 Overlap of PPE

The items of PPE being evaluated should provide a continuous overlap between eachadjoining item

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Walking straight (about 18 m)

START

Turnin to the left 90

Walking straight (about 4 m)

END

Walking straight (about 18

Turning to the right 90

Walking straight (about 4

Climbing up and down a vertical ladder of about2 m height, passing once in each directionthrough a horizontal manhole of 0.6 m 0.6 m ata height of about 1.5 m

Climbing up and down a vertical ladder ofabout 2 m height, passing once in eachdirection through a horizontal manhole of

Walking straight (about 3 m)Walking straight (about 3

Putting down the fireextinguisher to the floor

Picking up a fire extinguisheron a floor

Climbing up a staircasewhile carrying the fireextin uisher about 10 m

TURNING POINT

Climbing down a staircasewhile carrying the fireextin uisher about 10 m

Walking straight while carryingthe fire extinguisher (about 4 m)

Walking straight while carryingthe fire extinguisher (about 4

Figure 10.1 Standard procedure of work simulation test

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g

11.1 Clothing

Clothing compliant with Clause 2, shall be marked as follows:

Each item of clothing shall be marked. The marking shall be on the item itself or on alabel permanently fixed on the inside of the item and legible following 50 cleaning cyclesin accordance with clause 2.2.3.

The marking shall provide the following information:

a) Name, trade mark or other means of identifying the manufacturer or itsauthorised representative.

b) Designation of size.

c) The materials employed.

d) Care instructions shall be indicated in accordance with ISO 3758:1991.

e) This item of personal protective equipment conforms to the requirements of ISO16073.

f) Lot or trace number.

g) The pictogram used shall be as given in Figure 11.1.

h) One or more of the following symbols shall be marked in the bottom right hand

corner of the pictogram.

Symbol E will be included where edge ignition test is undertaken

Symbol P1 will be included where testing is done in accordance with Table 2.1Performance Level 1.

Symbol P2 will be included where testing is done in accordance with Table 2.1

Performance Level 2.

ISO/CD 16073.2

Figure 11.1 Pictogram indicating types and protection of protective clothing for

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wildland firefighters.

11.2 Gloves

Gloves compliant with Clause 3, shall be marked as follows:

ISO 16073 Wildland - G

Figure 11.2 Pictogram indicating types and protection of gloves for wildland

firefighters.

11.3 Helmets

Helmets compliant with Clause 4, shall be marked as follows:

ISO 16073 Wildland - H

Figure 11.3 Pictogram indicating types and protection of head protective devices forwildland firefighters.

11.4 Footwear

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c) Manufacturers type designation.

d) Year of manufacture; at least the quarter.

e) The number and year of this standard, i.e. ISO 16073.

f) The marking symbol(s) from table 5.2 appropriate to the protection providedwhich is not covered by the symbol(s) of the pictogram (see Figure 11.4).

In addition, the pictogram shown in Figure 11.4 shall be given on a label of dimensionsat least 30 mm x 30 mm attached in a visible position on the outside of the footwear.

One of the following symbols shall be marked in the bottom right hand corner of thepictogram.

F1 All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2.

F1P All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetrationresistance.

F1A All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for antistaticproperties.

F1PA All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetrationresistance and for antistatic properties.

F1I All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for electricalinsulating properties.

F1PI All basic requirements (X) of Table 5.2 and the requirements for penetrationresistance and electrical insulating properties.

ISO/CD 16073.2

Eye protective devices compliant with Clause 6, shall be marked as follows:

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ISO 16073 Wildland - E

Figure 11.5 Pictogram indicating types and protection of eye protective devices for

wildland firefighters.

11.6 Hearing Devices

Hearing protective devices compliant with Clause 7, shall be marked as follows:

ISO 16073 Wildland -HP

Figure 11.6 Pictogram indicating types and protection of hearing protective devicesfor wildland firefighters.

11.7 Respirator

Respirators compliant with Clause 8, shall be marked as follows:

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ISO 16073 Wildland - R

Figure 11.7 Pictogram indicating types and protection of respiratory protective

devices for wildland firefighters.

11.8 Fire Hood

Fire Hood compliant with Clause 9, shall be marked as follows:

ISO 16073 Wildland -

FH

Figure 11.8 Pictogram indicating types and protection of fire hood for wildlandfirefighters.

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Personal protective equipment shall be supplied to the client accompanied byinstructions written at least in the official languages of the country of use. All thisinformation shall be clear. It shall comprise (when possible or applicable):

a) Name, trade mark or other means of identification of the manufacturer or hisauthorised representative;

b) Designation of the product type, commercial name or code;

c) Pictograms and levels of performance, if applicable;

d) Care labeling;

e) Name and full address of the manufacturer and/or their authorised representative;

f) Name and full address and identification number of the notified body involved in typeapproval and/or quality control;

g) Number of the standard and year of publication;

h) Explanation of any pictograms and level of performance. A basic explanation of thetests that have been applied to the personal protective equipment and acorresponding list of performance levels, preferably in a table of performance;

i) All main constituent materials of all layers of personal protective equipment shall begiven;

j) Instructions for use as appropriate for the specific standard;

- tests to be carried out by the wearer before use;- fitting; how to put on and off;

- instructions concerning appropriate use of the product to minimise the risk of injury;

- limitations on use (e. g. temperature range etc.);

- instructions for storage and maintenance, with maximum periods betweenmaintenance checks;

- complete instructions for cleaning and/or decontamination (e.g. cleaningtemperature, drying process, pH value, mechanical action, maximum number ofcleaning cycles);

- warnings against problems likely to be encountered, (e.g. domestic washing of

ISO/CD 16073.2

- details of any significant ergonomic penalties of using the product such as areduction of the field of vision, acuity of hearing or a risk of heat stress;

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reduction of the field of vision, acuity of hearing or a risk of heat stress;

- instructions on how to recognise ageing and loss of performance in the product

- if helpful illustrations, part numbers etc. shall be added;

- instructions concerning repair;

k) Reference to accessories and spare parts if relevant;

l) Type of packaging suitable for transport if relevant.

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Annex A(Informative)

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( )Uncertainty of measurement and results interpretation

A.1 Test report and uncertainty of measurement

For each of the required measurements performed in accordance with this standard, acorresponding estimate of the uncertainty of measurement shall be evaluated. Thisestimate of uncertainty shall be applied and stated when reporting test results, in orderto enable the user of the test report to assess the reliability of the data. The followingprotocol with regard to uncertainty of measurement shall be applied to test results:

If the limit value for the particular test given in the standard, falls outside of the range ofvalues calculated from the test data plus/minus the uncertainty U of measurement, thenthe result shall be deemed to be a straightforward pass or fail (Figures C.1 and C.2)

If the limit value for the particular test given in the standard, falls within the range ofvalues calculated from the test data plus/minus the uncertainty U of measurement, then

the assessment of pass or fail shall be determined on the basis of safety, that isconsidering the safest conditions for the user of the PPE (Figure C.3)

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Annex B(informative)

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Guidelines for Clothing Design

The materials used for the different items of the fire fighters equipment should not induceany risk or other inherent nuisance factors.

The garment should be designed to avoid as much as possible any restriction in themovements during the tasks undertaken by fire fighters.

PPE should be designed to get dressed or undressed easily and as quickly as possible

Loose fitting clothing is as important as the fire resistance of materials in minimising therisk of injury. Clothing that is tight fitting poses a danger to the wildland firefighter fromradiant heat and heat stress, while, at the same time, diminishing the firefighter's abilityto perform.

Clothing should be light and flexible in order to be effective without inducing heat stressin the wearer.

As a guide, a suit should be provided with an interface area of a minimum of 15 cmoverlap between them which should be maintained for example whilst stooping, reachingor turning movements.

Closure systems, any label, accessory, touch and close fastener,retroreflective/fluorescent material, etc attached to the protective clothing should notadversely affect the clothing's performance.

Pocket flaps should be able to maintain pocket as being closed. As a guide a pocket flapmay be 20 mm larger than the opening in order to avoid the flap being placed inside thepocket.

All closure systems should be designed to prevent the entry of burning debris.

Trousers and sleeves should have a closure system, which allows the ends of thetrousers and sleeves to interface sufficiently well with footwear and gloves that may beused for wildland firefighting.

Firefighters should be trained in the selection, use, care and maintenance of theprotective clothing covered by this standard, including an understanding of its limitation.

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Annex C

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(normative)

Grip Test - Gloves

C.1 Principle

The bare-handed lifting capacity of a test subject using a halyard and a set of weights iscompared with the same test subject wearing wet gloves on a dry and wet halyard.

C.2 Equipment

Grip testing shall be conducted with a 9,5 mm diameter, 3-strand pre-stretched polyesterrope attached to a calibrated force measuring device.

C.3 Specimens

A minimum of three pairs of gloves each for sizes small and large shall be used fortesting by at least two different test subjects. Each pair of gloves, as a complete set ofgloves, shall be tested in the new, as-distributed condition.

The laboratory shall ensure that glove specimens do not receive special softeningtreatments prior to tests. Glove specimens shall be conditioned as specified in clauses3.2.4.2 and 3.2.4.3.

C.4 Procedure

C.4.1 Test subjects shall be selected such that their hand dimensions are as close as

possible to the middle of the range for hand length and to the hand circumference forsmall and large gloves.

C.4.2 Each test subject shall make three successive attempts to lift as much weight aspossible using the halyard and both hands and keeping both feet firmly planted on theground while pulling downward on the halyard. The average weight hoisted over thethree trials shall be the bare-handed weight lift capability.

C.4.3 Dry-conditioned specimen gloves shall be tested on a dry rope and then on a wetrope.

C.4.4 Wet-conditioned specimen gloves shall be tested on a dry rope and then on a wetrope.

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C.5 Report

The

Wildland PPE 16073.2

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