1. Academic Coffee Session (ACS)
25 July 2009, Murdoch University
MyPSAWA
Wiki Pedagogy: Changing The Education Landscape
Presented By: Norhisham MohamadNordinUniversity of Western AustraliaEmail:norhishamn@gmail.com

2. Content outline
Introduction
Theoreticalframework
Research questions
Study setting
Research method
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Reflecting on PhD Journey
Questions and Answers
3. Current Classroom Scenario
Imaginein a classroom where what you learn only comesdirectly from your teacher.You dont have any textbook to refer to, merely your teachers presentation slides where youhave stared blankly from the LCD projector. You cant ask question or give opinion, but only to listen.The excitement is because yourare having your class in a computer lab.Sadly, you cant even turn on the computer.You have so many questions to ask but do not know who to turn to.Your classmates have lost interest in the teaching. They areplaying games with their mobile phone.Your teacher reminded you that what she taught today will be in the coming mid term exam and you dont have any clues what she is talking aboutfor the entire 75 minutesof class time!
Question:
Does this sound like an exciting and fun classroom learning ?
4. Imagine otherwise
You create your own learning, share with friends, use Internet and other online application to help you learn, 24/7
Imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given freeaccess to the sum of all human knowledge.Thats what were doing
--Jimmy Wales,
Wikipedia founder (Wales, 2004)
5. Introduction :Definition of wiki
Wikipedia.org
Awikiis awebsitethat useswiki software, allowing the easy creation and editing of any number ofinterlinkedWeb pages, using a simplifiedmarkup languageor aWYSIWYGtext editor, within the browser.
Klobas (2006)
the software [that] enables people both to read and edit the content of the site, while the site that readers see has been produced by multiple authors interacting with the software
6. Theoretical Framework:Social Constructivist Theory
Study based on social constructivist theory by Vygotsky (1978)
language and culture play essential roles both in human intellectual developmentand in how humans perceive the world.
human cognitive structure is essentially socially constructed. Knowledge is not simply constructed but it is co-constructed.
The social construction of knowledge through learning is therefore a collaborative process.
7. Theoretical Framework: Activity Theory
Social constructivist theory is often explained in relation to activity based learning theory or activity theory for short .
The expansion of Vygotskys ideas was developed largely under the activity theory banner.
Activity theory supports several pedagogy approaches
In this study, the approaches will be on:
project based learning,
inquiry based learning and
problem based learning
8. Research questions
Main theme question for the study:
How can wikis effectively support computer supported collaborative learning and knowledge sharing in schools?
Specifically, the study addresses two sub-questions:
1.What learning approaches are appropriate for online collaborative learning using wikis in school?
2.What are the key factors that contribute to effective use of wikis in school?
9. Study setting
16 year old students in Malaysian schools
Taking Information Communication & Technology (ICT) courses of 6 modules
Wikis used in 2 modules:
ICT and Society
Multimedia
10. Study setting
N=169 Students 74 Male and 95 Female
11 schools 6 Smart Schools , 5 normal schools
Mix of urban, rural settings
Assumption:
Student taking ICT courses are IT literate
Teachers integrate Internet into teaching and learning
11. Research methodology
Design based research in education
Design Based Research - (DBR, Brown, 1992; Collins, 1992) is the study of learning through:
systematic design
instructional strategies and tools
DBR shapes real learning environments through educational interventions
In this study: Design pedagogy activities using wiki
12. Research methodology
Initial Design Study
Design 1
Design 2
Design 3
Design 4
Evaluation
Iterative Process
Testing/ Measuring the result
Finalize Design Study
Re-design Study After Interview With Teachers
Re-design Study AfterIntroduction To Wiki
13. Research methodology
Quantitative 5 Likert scales questionnaire
Qualitative
Student Group Interview Semi structured
Teacher Individual - Semi Structured Interview
14. Results
Activity completion rates :
100% in Ice Breaking Session (IBS)
87% Completed Task 1 (Inquiry based learning pedagogical approach )
62% Completed Task 2 (Problem based learning pedagogical approach )
25% Completed Task 3 (Project based learning pedagogical approach )
Factors contributing to success of the designed activities using wikis:
Proportion groups member between 4-5 for effective learning
Incorporate real life (scenario) in learningdesign
Implement introductory wiki courses
Encourage wiki editing culture
15. Discussion
Wiki study is an eye opener for teacher to fully utilized Internet, specifically Web 2.0 tools in their classroom
Activities in wiki need to be design according to pedagogy
Complement traditional class learning and enhance student understanding
High group participation in active learning
Mutual benefit among group as knowledge is shared
Self directed learning set pace of learning
Acquiring new learning not covered in class
16. Conclusion
Clear evidence in the study that wiki can be used as a tools to support collaborative learning and knowledge sharing in schools
Wiki pedagogy used in teaching & learning:
design learning around the education syllabus
empoweringknowledge to students
more knowledge shared, more learning done
build trust, helping each, mutual understanding among students
teachers facilitates learning, students drives learning
Web 2.0 integrate in classroom
17. Reflecting On PhD Journey
Started in 2006:

1st half : Reading and collecting journals, Research method class, prepare Research Proposal

18. 2nd half : Design InstrumentsData Collection in 2007:

1st half :Pre-study letter to relevant government bodies, schools, teachers

19. 2nd half : Begin study approximate 4 months, reconciliation of data after studyAnalyzing Data in 2008 :

1st half : Ch. 3 & Ch. 4

20. 2nd half : Ch. 5 & Ch. 6Completing Thesis in 2009 :

Completing Ch. 1 & Ch. 2

21. Synchronizing the thesis flow 22. Attendsconference and opportunities for future research