Wi-SUN Technology and Certification January 2018 · Wi-SUN Technology and Certification January...

Wi-SUN Technology and CertificationJanuary 2018

Copyright © 2017, 2018 Wi-SUN™ Alliance January 29, 2018 2

Open-standards based secure, interoperable communications for large scale IoT for Smart Utility and Smart City networks.

What is Wi-SUN?


Wi-SUN Alliance was established in April 2012Incorporated as Not for Profit Organization (501c) in Delaware, US

Regional representation in Europe, India, Japan, North America, Singapore

Over 170 member companies including product vendors, silicon vendors, software companies, utilities, government institutions and universities

Specification of wireless communications networks based on IEEE 802.15.4g RF (and derivatives) and ipv6 / 6lowpan for Both Field Area Networks (FAN) and Home Area Networks (HAN)

Defines testing and certification program for multi-vendor interoperable solutions

RF + MAC + Network + Security Wi-SUN Alliance Wi-SUN Alliance™

Wi-SUN Certified™


Why the Alliance was Formed

The Wi-SUN Alliance goes beyond the IEEE and IETF standards to deliver:

A specification for the full communications functionality for each “Smart” Application:

Options make interoperability more difficult to achieve802.15.4g only specifies the PHY layer

A testing and certification process:IEEE 802 and IETF write standards, and do not describe testing

A forum to:Select and document required options and featuresDefine testing and certification

TO ENABLE MULTI-VENDOR INTEROPERABILITY FOR COMPLEX ECOSYSTEMS


IEEE802.11Wireless LAN WiFi Alliance WiFi

IEEE802.15.4gWireless SUN Wi-SUN Alliance Wi-SUN

Standardization Body Industry Alliance Commercial Trademark

Where Alliances Sit


What We Deliver

Communications Profile Definitions based on Open Standards for Field Area, IoT wireless networksInteroperability Testing + Certification Authority for Peer to Peer Wireless Mesh networks based on IEEE 802.15.4g and IPv6 / IETF, Current focus is on enabling multi-vendor Field Area Networks (FANs), Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) and communications for smart city and smart utility networksMarketing support and training programs to promote understanding and adoption

What Wi-SUN Alliance does not do…It is not a Standards Organization (serves a different role from IEEE, IETF)It does not specify Application Layer profiles


Target IoTApplications

Utility Industry: • Advanced Metering

Infrastructure (AMI)

• Distribution Automation

• Home Energy Management

Home Automation: Smart Thermostats

Air Conditioning and Heat Controls

Energy Usage Information Displays

Smart Cities:• Smart Street Lighting

• Infrastructure Management

• Intelligent Transportation Systems

• Parking management

M2M: • Structural health: bridges, buildings etc

• Agriculture

• Monitoring and Asset Management

Open Standards based, Interoperable Communications Infrastructure for:


Promoter Members


Contributor Members


Test Lab Members

TELEC, TUV Rheinland are Wi-SUN Approved Test Labs


• Develops technical specifications of Physical Layer (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers, with Network layer as required

• Develop Interoperability test programs to ensure implementations are interoperable• Physical layer specification is based on IEEE802.15.4g/4u/4v • MAC layer may use different options depending on the application• Profile specifications are categorized based on application types

Physical Radio (PHY)

Medium Access Control (MAC)

Application

IEEE 802.15.4g/4u/4v based PHY

MAC1 MAC2

PHY1 PHY2

Wi-SUN PHY layer

Wi-SUN MAC layer

Wi-SUN Network/Transport layer

Profile A Profile B

Network1Network / Transport

With

in th

e sc

ope

of te

st a

nd c

ertif

icat

ion

Wi-SUN Profiles


Profile Specifications for Smart Utility/City ApplicationsFIELD AREA NETWORK (FAN) WORKING GROUP

• Co Chair: Cisco and Itron (SSNI)• Feature complete specification is approved• Supports IEEE802.15.4g/4e PHY/MAC, 6LowPAN, and IPv6• Supports multi-hopping operation and frequency hopping• Supports encryption (AES) and authentication (802.1x)• Specification is standardized as ANSI 4957

HOME AREA NETWORK (HAN) WORKING GROUP• Chair: NICT, Technical Editor: Toshiba• Specification is approved (Wi-SUN profile for ECHONET Lite)• Support IEEE802.15.4g/4e PHY/MAC, 6LowPAN, and IPv6• Support encryption (AES) and authentication(PANA)• Specification is standardized as TTC JJ300.10

WAN

SMARTMETER

DATAAGGREGATION

FAN: Communication Between Smart Meters and Distribution Automation

SMARTMETER

HEMS/HGW

TEPCO B-ROUTE: Communication Between Smart Meters and HEMS

HOME AREA NETWORK

SMARTMETER

SMARTMETER

HAN: Communication between HEMS controller and HAN device


Wi-SUN FAN Use Cases

AMI Metering Distribution Automation

EV Charging Infrastructure

Distributed GenerationSCADADirect Load

Control

FAN

WAN

Network Operations Center

Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh (IEEE 802.15.4g/e)

Public or Private WAN Backhaul

OutdoorLighting

Traffic management

Parking

Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh

Cellular WiMAX Fiber/Ethernet


IoT Field Area Network Requirements

Attributes for Field Area Networks include:Highly Secure (certificate based authentication)Easy to install and maintain (self forming/healing mesh network, upgradeable) Longevity (open standards, upgradeable)Ability to scale easily to thousands of nodes (optimal use of frequency band)Reliable and resilient (mesh, multiple channels, demonstrated interference tolerance)Long range (sub GHz, mesh)Low latency (high data rates, low channel utilisation)Energy Efficient (short transmission time, long battery life leaf nodes)Low Cost (open standards, multiple silicon vendors)Multi-vendor Interoperability (certification program for complete communications protocol stack)


1. Based on publicly available data and known awards 2. Wi-SUN compatible devices account for > 61 million end points in North America and > 88 million end points World Wide

Information © Navigant Research Global AMI Tracker 2Q17

Mesh Architecture Proven as Dominant Networking for Smart MetersMesh Architecture Deployments for AMI

Communications Technology Selection Share, North America: 1Q 2017

Communications Technology Selection Share, RoW (excluding US and China): 1Q 2017

Europe and China have large number of PLC deployments


IPv6 protocol suite• TCP/UDP• 6LoWPAN Adaptation + Header Compression• DHCPv6 for IP address management.• Routing using RPL.• ICMPv6.• Unicast and Multicast forwarding.

Security• 802.1X/EAP-TLS/PKI Authentication.• 802.11i Group Key Management• Optional ETSI-TS-102-887-2 Node 2 Node Key

ManagementMAC based on IEEE 802.15.4e + IE extensions

• Frequency hopping• Discovery/Join• Protocol Dispatch (IEEE 802.15.9)• Several Frame Exchange patterns• Optional Mesh Under routing.

PHY based on 802.15.4g• Various data rates and regions

Application Layer(Out of Scope)

IPv6 / ICMPv6 / RPL /6LoWPAN

Physical Layer

OSI Layer

PHY

Network

UDP / TCPTransport

SessionPresentationApplication

Wi-SUN FAN

Data Link

MAC Sub-Layer

L2 MESH

LLC Sub-Layer

802.1X,802.11i,

EAP-TLS

Security

ETSI-TS-102-887-2

FANDevice

Wi-SUNFAN Stack Overview


• Device hardening with 802.1AR and hardware security chip or PUF

• Network hardening tools

• Certificate-based identities

• Role based Access Control

• 802.1x-based access control for meters, routers, grid devices

• Frequency hopping RF

• Link-layer encryption in RF Mesh

• Group-based key generation and management (mesh)

• Network-layer encryption for WAN Backhaul (IPSec)

• Over the air upgradable devices

Time-stamped logs, correlation at SIEMSeparation of AMI vs. non-AMI traffic, segmentation

Mobile Workforce

FAN Aggregation Layer within Substation Automation

Network

Field Area Network(RF Mesh)

RF Devices

AMI/DA Head-End

NMS HES

AAA Server

Certificate Authority

Intrusion Prevention

Directory Services

SIEM

Security Services

Secure storage for encryption keysSecure encryption keysNetwork-layer encryption (IPSec)Link-layer encryption (AES-128)

Field Area Router (FAR)

Public or Private WAN

RF DDevices

Security

Secure Device Identity via Digital CertificatesStrong user identities with Role-Based Access

Wi-SUN FAN Security Architecture


Benefits of Mesh Networks

Download the whitepaper from here:

https://www.wi-sun.org/index.php/tcwp-en/file

Comparing IoT Networks at a Glance

Please view the animation on the Wi-SUN website:

https://www.wi-sun.org/index.php/en#wirelessmeshvideo.


• FAN Conformance Test Bed• Test Bed Controller

• Script driven TBC to automate FAN device certification.• TBC controls test bed as certification test plan is executed upon a Device Under Test.

• Initial set of Test Bed Unit volunteers has been determined• 14 TBUs constitute the test bed.

• Test Bed Units from multiple vendors• TBUs implement the API used by the Test Bed Controller.

• Wireshark protocol decoder• Wireshark protocol decoder is integrated into the TBC and test bed.

FAN Certification Overview


FAN Certification Test BedOverview


FAN CertificationTest BedInternal Detail


Upcoming 1.x TimelineNext Test Bed / Interop Events

Held on approximately 6 week cycle.

Test Bed and Interop events are typically co-located.

Third test bed event held in October 2017 at TUV

Fourth test bed event held in December 2017 at Cisco

Fifth test bed event will be held 3rd week January 2018 at Cisco

Feedback/corrections are incorporated into TPS, test plans.

GlobalSign has been selected as the Wi-SUN CertificateAuthority Provider.

Test Bed will switch to GlobalSign test certificates.

FAN 1.0 Certified devices early Q2 2018.

FAN Certification Testing Events


The Future: FAN 2.xFAN 2.x Marketing Requirements in ballot

Identified prioritiesDistribution automation use cases

Higher data rate PHYs, peer to peer communications, etc.

Battery powered nodesUltra low power operation (deep sleepers … water and gas metering).

Additional region support (EU/UK, Australia, Asia Pacific,Middle East, South Africa).Integration of Power Line communication PHY

Wi-SUN Netricity (IEEE 1901.2 PLC).

The Future For Wi-SUN FAN


IEEE 1901.2 / NetricityHistory

• IEEE Published:• 1901.2-2013 and updates 1901.2a-2015• Publicly Available @ IEEE Web Portal

•Successful Netricity PHY Interop January 2014•Netricity MRD 2.0 Published January 2016

• Specifically requires reference to Wi-SUN FAN L3, L4 & Security


IEEE 1901.2 / NetricityStatus

•Netricity TPS 1.0• L1 + L2 reference to 1901.2 then specifies differences• L3 + L4 + Security reference to Wi-SUN FAN, minimal

diffs• Approved September 2017

•Test & Certification Framework in discussion• Draft L1 + L2 Test Case Matrix ~ 75% complete• PHY/MAC Specification Verification test plan &

schedule• Conformance Test Flan

• Limit new material to PLC PHY/MAC specific items• Reuse FAN as much as practical


IPv6/IPv4

UDP/TCP

IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements

802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control

Physical Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015FSK

IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM

Data Link Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015including FHSS

IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format

6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282)

NetworkLayer

TransportLayer

Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security

Security (DTLS/TLS)

LLC

MAC

Mgmt


Wi-SUN FAN TPS

IPv6/IPv4

UDP/TCP



Physical Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015FSK


Data Link Layer



6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282)

NetworkLayer

TransportLayer


Security (DTLS/TLS)

LLC

MAC

Mgmt


Wi-SUN FAN TPS

IPv6/IPv4

UDP/TCP



Physical Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015FSK


Data Link Layer



6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282)

NetworkLayer

TransportLayer


Security (DTLS/TLS)

LLC

MAC

Mgmt

IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2aNB-PLC OFDM

EE 802.15.4--2015 MAC enhancements

EAP-TLS &

IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a802.15.4 frame format

6LoWP

g, IPv6 RP

Sec

Wi-SUN NETRICITY TPS


Wi-SUN FAN Certification

IPv6/IPv4

UDP/TCP



Physical Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015FSK


Data Link Layer



6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282)

NetworkLayer

TransportLayer


Security (DTLS/TLS)

LLC

MAC

Mgmt


Wi-SUN Netricity Certification

IPv6/IPv4

UDP/TCP



Physical Layer

IEEE 802.15.4-2015FSK


Data Link Layer



6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282)

NetworkLayer

TransportLayer


Security (DTLS/TLS)

LLC

MAC

Mgmt


Industry Collaboration

Wi-SUN Alliance focuses on the definition and testing of communications layers

Collaborates with other Industry Alliances to support Application Layer and heterogeneous network interoperability

Wi-SUN

IEEEDLMS

UA

YRP Promotion committee

WSN Promotion committee

TIAISGF

ECHONET

Open-ADR

JUTA

IETF


Join Us For more information or questions contact:[email protected]+1 (408) 778-8370

Follow us:www.linkedin.comWi-SUN Alliance Group @WiSunAlliance

Resources Available• White Papers

• Presentations

• Quarterly Newsletter

• Videos

• Blog

Membership is open to all organizations.

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