Why is the gut our second brain? Robert-J M Brummer
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Transcript of Why is the gut our second brain? Robert-J M Brummer
Why is the gut our second
brain?
Robert-J M Brummer MD PhD
Professor of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, director Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre
Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Örebro University, Sweden
Helsinki, June 15, 2016
Gut microbiota• 10x more microbes than
body cells• Separate genome• Build a complex
‘ecosystem’• Many functions• First years of life are pivotal• Aberrant composition in
many disorders• Effect on brain function?!
How can microbes affect brain functions, and which functions?
• Direct microbe-host interactions
• Indirect actions mediated by microbial metabolites
How do probiotics work?• Inhibition of pathogenic bacteria• Stabilizing the gut “eco system”• Supporting the immune system• Enhancing intestinal “barrier function”• Attenuation of mucosal stress responses• Immune-modulatory/ anti-inflammatory action• Alteration of bacterial products• Alteration of gut hormone secretion• Interaction with the brain