Why does this matter to me?
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Transcript of Why does this matter to me?
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Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) Training
Infection ControlBlood Borne PathogensTuberculosis Awareness
Employee Health
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Why does this matter to me?
“Clinic staff infect patients by re-using drug vials” “New mom recovering from
flesh-eating bacteria”
“Denver Dentist Could Have Infected Thousands”
“Hospital Acquired Infections Costly, Preventable”
“N.H. Hospital Facing Legal Action Over Hepatitis C Outbreak”
“Man Eats Face off unconscious person, wanted brains”
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Overview
Responsibilities: Individual Supervisory
Chain of Infection Model Standard & Transmission Based Precautions Infection Control Policies & Procedures
Infection Control Program Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan Tuberculosis Exposure Control Plan
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Individual Responsibilities
• Review• Review Section OI• Adhere to standard IC practices/procedures• Report all suspected Healthcare Associated
Infections (HAI’s)
Bottom line: We can’t do infection control without YOU.
You are the Infection Control Program!
In the event of contagious zombie infection, it is your responsibility to trip the person next to you and run!
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Unit Manager/Supervisory Responsibilities
Ensure personnel know & comply with all infection control policies/practices
Ensure all personnel complete unit-specific:– Orientation/Initial Training– Annual/Refresher Training– Ongoing/In-service Education as required
Review section Infection Control OI annually (if one exists) Appoint section IC Coordinator (if desired)
– Complete appointment letter and route through IP
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Healthcare-Associated Infections Formerly Nosocomial Infections
An infection that occurs in a patient, staff member, or visitor in a hospital or other healthcare facility that was not present or incubating at the time of admission or entry to the facility.
Complete Facility/Community Acquired Infection Report to
Infection Prevention: Ask patients if they have any history of infections i.e. MRSA ,VRE, c-diff, etc.
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“ Chain of Infection” Model
1. Reservoir
4. Portal of Entry
5. Susceptible Host
2. Portal of Exit
3. Means of Transmission
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“ Chain of Infection” Model
1. Zombie is hungry 2. Virus in saliva
3. Bite wound
4. Saliva and blood mix
5. Host re-animates into zombie
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HAND HYGIENE
can break the “chain”
**Single most effective way to prevent infection** is to destroy the brain
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Standard PrecautionsStandard precautions MUST be used on all patients, all of the time when there may be contact with blood and/or body fluids.• CDC• OSHA• AAAHC• HSI• NPSG• NOTAMS
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Transmission Based Precautions
•Contact
•Droplet
•AirborneDon’t get
bitten
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Contact PrecautionsUsed for patients known or suspected to be infected or colonized with epidemiological important microorganisms that can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.
Some diseases requiring Contact Precautions are:
MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Norovirus C-diff (Clostridium Difficile)
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Droplet PrecautionsUsed for patients known or suspected to be infected with micro-organism transmitted by larger droplets which are generally confined to a four foot dispersal area and do not remain airborne for long.
Some diseases requiring Droplet Precautions are:
Neisseria meningitis RSV (with active cough/sneeze) Influenza Adenovirus Pertussis
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Airborne PrecautionsFor patients with known/suspected infections with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei that stay aloft for long periods of time. This type of Precautions calls for the use of N-95 masks and special ventalation. The does not maintain rooms capable of housing a patient in Airborne Precautions. Arrange for transfer ASAP.
Some diseases requiring Airborne Precautions are:
Tuberculosis Rubeola (Measles) Varicella (Chicken Pox) Disseminated herpes Zoster Some bioterror agents (Anthrax, Small Pox)
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
ALWAYS USE APPROPRIATE PPE!
Mask, eye protection, gown and gloves
Remove and dispose of properly in hazardous waste.
Scrubs are not PPE!
ALWAYS USE YOUR HEAD!
Think about probable exposure VS possible exposure
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Zombie ControlPolicies
& Procedures
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Infection Control
Hand Hygiene Sharps Disposal Hepatitis B Vaccine Hazardous waste Linen Cleaning/Instruments
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Hand Hygiene
Hand wash:
at least 20 seconds
NO nails more than 1/4 in. beyond fingertips
NO artificial nails in patient care areas
Will not prevent zombification
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HAND HYGIENE
Alcohol based hand rubs:
Increases Compliance & improves condition of hands
Replaces hand washing if hands are not visibly soiled,If soiled, use soap and water for washing
Will not prevent zombification
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Sharps Disposal
DO NOT recap “dirty” needles Dispose of “potential” sharps Dispose of at point of origin! Empty when ¾ full Reconsider risky work practices
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV)
HIV : a viral disease -spread through contact with infected blood,
unprotected sex with an infected partner, or from mother to child during pregnancy. HIV can also be spread to babies through the breast milk of infected mothers.HIV: acts by killing/damaging cells of the immune system, destroying the body's ability to fight infections.
-may get life-threatening diseases and opportunistic infections, caused by viruses or bacteria that do not normally infect healthy people.
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Hepatitis
Hepatitis B: is a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the liver. The virus, which is
called hepatitis B virus (HBV), can cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death.
Hepatitis C: is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is found in
the blood of persons who have the disease. HCV is spread by contact with the blood of an infected person.
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Hepatitis B VaccineThree doses:1) Initial dose2) 1 months later3) 6 months later
The vaccine is safe and has a published sero-conversion efficacy of >95%. HBV vaccine is required for all active duty medical personnel who have a reasonably anticipated exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials. Although civilians can not be made to receive the vaccine, it is generally a condition of employment. It is offered free of charge.
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Regulated Medical Waste
The MTF is charged by the poundNo routine trash in RED/BIOHAZARD bagsNo sharps in RED/BIOHAZARD trashNo linen in RED/BIOHAZARD trash Only biohazardous waste in RED/BIOHAZARD trash
Ensure all zombie parts are disposed of properly, to ensure they do not re-animate
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Regulated Medical Waste
Any liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious materials Contaminated items that would release blood or other potentially infectious materials in a liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed Items that are caked with dried blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) and are capable of releasing these materials during handling Pathological and microbiological wastes containing blood or other potentially infectious materials
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Linen
DON’T: -Separate soiled linen
-Wear scrubs outside or home
-Throw away linen
DO:-Use gloves when handling
-Separate clean & dirty linen areas
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Area Cleaning
Use appropriate cleaning products and concentration. Use only from approved list in
No shipping containers in patient supply areas
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Instrument Cleaning
No scrubbing of instruments in any areas other than Sterile Processing and Distribution (SPD) or Dental Instrument Processing Center (DIPC) Must be transported in puncture-resistant container with Biohazard label.
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Blood Borne Pathogen Exposure Procedures
Wash/flush area for 5 minutes Notify supervisor immediately Get treatment immediately
– CDC recommends just hours Paperwork – Complete a Forward to Safety
– Include device brand & type involved (OSHA requirement) Notify Public Health
– Required to complete paperwork.
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Tuberculosis Exposure Control Plan
Report to PH on arrival to TB screening is initial and event relatedRespiratory Protection Program
– Managed by Bioenvironmental Engineering– Base wide program– Physical Assessment for all at risk personnel
(N-95 “just in time” fit testing)TB Risk assessment done annually by Public Health Isolation requirements not available at PH conducts exposure/contact investigation
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TB Awareness
Prolonged cough 3 weeks Chest pain, night sweats or fevers No appetite Weight loss Weakness or fatigue Coughing up blood History of exposure or travel to high risk
area
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Documentation
Employee training must be documented on AF Form 55
“Infection Control/OSHA BBP/TB”
Patient and Family Education must be completed and documented IAW unit policy.
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Summary: Responsibilities Chain of infection Standard Precautions