WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne...
-
Upload
cody-mcbride -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne...
![Page 1: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY
TESTS? Education Reform and the
Modern Accountability MovementWayne Zhang
![Page 3: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1) Do you like tests? 2) What does a test
measure? (Why do we take them at all?)
3) What is the achievement gap?
![Page 5: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4) Why are we taking so many tests?
(What is the accountability movement?)
5) Are tests good at measuring what they’re supposed to
measure? (Is the accountability movement
working?)
![Page 6: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1) Do you like tests?
![Page 7: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NO, THEY SUCK
![Page 8: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Different types of Tests
• Formative–Measures where you are– Examples: daily quizzes
• Summative –Counts for something– “Standardized Tests”– SAT, ACT, State sponsored exams (ISTEP)
![Page 9: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2) What do tests measure?
(Why do we take tests at all?)
![Page 10: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
•Intelligence•Memorization•How hard someone studies
![Page 11: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
•How well is the teacher teaching?•How well is
the school providing for its students?
![Page 12: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3) What is the achievement
gap?
![Page 13: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Achievement gap• Lower income • Minority Students–Arises from differences in school
resources, access to health care, access to childcare.
![Page 14: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What does accountability
mean?
![Page 15: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What does accountability in education mean?
![Page 16: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What is the education accountability movement?
• An effort to close the achievement gap, by tracking achievement for different subsets of students
• Like a doctor diagnosing a patient, and then giving them a prescription
• Data is collected through standardized tests
![Page 17: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
4) Why are we taking so many
tests?
![Page 18: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
PISA 2012 Results
![Page 20: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
No Child Left Behind - 2001
• Mandates that states have to track student progress – Minorities– Socioeconomic status
• Schools that repeatedly failed to show progress were closed
![Page 22: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SEC. 1001. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
The purpose of this title is to ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging state academic achievement standards and state academic assessments.
![Page 23: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
NCLB - 2001• All states are required to create their own
exams to track progress• Problem #1: different states are have
different standards– It is possible to proficient in one state, but below
basic in another state (Mississippi & Illinois)• Problem #2: schools are closing before they
have the chance to improve
–“HIGH STAKES TESTING”
![Page 24: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Race to the Top - 2009• States compete for 4.35 billion dollars of
funding– In exchange, agree to• Teacher evaluations based on test scores• Implementation of Common Core• Remove of cap for charter schools
• 18 states & District of Columbia get funding• Over 45 states change laws
![Page 25: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Common Core - 2010 • Universal standards for what students should
from K-12 at the end of each grade in Math and English
• Tests based upon universal standards
![Page 26: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
http://academicbenchmarks.com/common-core-state-adoption-map/
![Page 27: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
WHY SO MANY TESTS?• Tests from NCLB• ------ Tests from Common Core• The higher the stakes associated
with the standardized tests, the more likely teachers are to give formative assessments
![Page 28: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
5) Are tests good at measuring what they’re
supposed to measure? (i.e. Is the accountability
movement working?)
![Page 29: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Should we have tests at
all?
![Page 30: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Started off as a means to an end, the became an end?
![Page 31: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Should we have the tests we have now?
![Page 33: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Too much time testing, not enough time teaching?
![Page 34: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• One Chicago high school: 3 weeks = 738 minutes (12 hours and 18 minutes) prepping for and administering standardized tests
• Many elementary school classrooms use up to four different tests two or three times a year (combo of diagnostic/formative and achievement/summative): up to ~10 weeks of testing
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2012/11/11/time-on-testing-738-minutes-in-3-
weeks/
![Page 35: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Should we have the stakes that we have attached to tests that we do
now?
![Page 36: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Issues With Using Standardized Assessments of Student Performance for Accountability
• WHAT the tests measure• “Good” test vs. “bad” test
• Can a standardized test be “good”?
• HOW the tests measure• Status/cohort models versus growth/value added models
• Subgroup definitions
• Standard margin of error and bias
• Missing data
• Interference
• CONSEQUENCES
• School context
![Page 37: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: WHY ARE WE TAKING SO MANY TESTS? Education Reform and the Modern Accountability Movement Wayne Zhang.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062409/5697bf871a28abf838c88729/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• Are teachers being unfairly fired?• How can education get better if a
school is closed?• Is the Common Core opt out
movement good? Throw the baby out with the bathwater–Are they undermining the overall
idea that they might agree with?