Who's who in the water industry 1986: Published by Turret-Wheatland Ltd., Penn House, Penn Place,...
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BOOK REVIEWS Who's Who in the Water Industry 1986 Published by Turret-Wheatland Ltd., Penn House, Penn Place, Rickmanswoth, Herts, for Water Authorities Association, 1 Queen Anne's Gate, London, SW1H 9BT. Softback, 200pp, price £14.50. W 0 IM IM If you want to know who to contact among UK water authorities, water companies and government departments, then this book is for you. There are ten water authorities in England and Wales, each with their own divisional offices. The book shows the boundaries and approximate location of offices for each authority. It provides the organisational headings and appears to name all offices with their job function, complete with office addresses and telephone numbers. The water industries in Scotland and Northern Ireland are also included but their structure is different as they come directly under government departments or local authorities. A list of associations and other organisations connected with the water industry is also included, together with detailed categories of equipment suppliers and trade names. The book is comprehensive and well laid out. L.S. Ground Water Quality Editors: C. H. Ward, W. Gig[ler and P. L. McCarty Wiley Interscience Publ., 547 pp., 1985. This is an excellent collection of 28 papers presented at the First International Conference on Ground Water Quality Research (Rice University, Houston, Texas, October, 1981 ) sponsored by the National Center for Groundwater Research. As the editors emphasize, the book is only a selection of papers and not the proceedings of the conference. Following a Preface by Dr. Jack Keeley, of the Ground Water Research Branch of the Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory and an Introduction by Jay Lehr of the National Water Well Association, the book is divided into four parts that cover the subject from the sources of contaminants up to their transport and fate. In his presentation, Jack Keeley indicates the current needs for ground research. Among these he mentions pollution by organic and inorganic contaminants, viruses, trace organics, chemicals associated with drilling practices, aquifer rehabilitation techniques and abiotic and biological processes. Jay Lehr addresses the problem of pollution from the point of view of the public's concern for the quality of groundwater. Part 1 deals with sources, types and quantities of contaminants in groundwater. A brief overview of contaminants in groundwater is given by B.C.J. Zoeteman of the Netherlands. He indicates sources of organic and inorganic contaminants and effects on the soil's ecosystem. David Miller reviews, in rather descriptive terms, several typical cases of contamination, as affected by geology, density and pumping. The topic of microbial contamination of the subsurface is briefly introduced by C. P. Gerba. Cases of occurrence and reviews and the factors that influence the movement ofvirsuses and bacteria in soil are listed. Altogether the authors emphasize that very little is known on this important subject. The effects of local sources of pollution on groundwater quality in The Netherlands, are reviewed by W. van Duijvenbooden. Two cases of aquifer pollution by natural processes in New Zealand are presented by C. J. Dowries. In the Hunt Valley, changes in water quality are produced by rock-water interaction and oxidation-reduction reactions. The author shows that changes in concentration of oxidizable and reducible species closely follow the sequence predicted by thermodynamic data. A second case is the Takaka Valley, where sea water intrusion into a karstic aquifer occurs. Artificial recharge of aquifers is an important tool in the management of water resources. River water may serve as a source of water for the purpose. Hence the importance of the paper by G.J.M.M. Smeenk on the behaviour of organic pollutants in pretreated Rhine water during dune infiltration in the Netherlands. The paper indicates the important role played by the organic content of the soil. Chemical treatment, such as prechlorination, should be avoided. A paper by K.M. Baxter deals with the discharging of primary sewage effluent on triassic sandstone at a site in the UK. Detailed data are presented on soil and water in both the saturated and the unsaturated zones. The author concludes that, if properly managed, such sewage disposal methods considerably improve the quality of the recharged effluent and also conserve groundwater resources. The last paper of Part 1 (by a group of researchers from Rice University) also deals with the land application of municipal waste water. The paper focuses on chromatographic trace level organics (C-TLOs) which are of major concern with rapid infitration sites. Based on field and laboratory studies, the authors suggest a model for the retarded rate of movement of C- TLOs due to degradation and adsorption. Part 2 includes five papers on methods for groundwater quality research. C.P. Young and K.M. Baxter present an overview of methods for groundwater investigations. A group of researchers from the Department of Biochemistry of Oklahoma State University review biochemical methods for the detection of subsurface contamination/biomass, and conclude that the standard assays used in biochemical laboratories do not possess the sensitivity required with sparsely populated environmental samples. A summary of methods for the assessment of groundwater pollution is presented by L. W. Canter. The use of a Waste-Soil-Site Interaction Matrix is proposed and demonstrated. Empirical methods for the evaluation of ponds, septic tanks and landfills oil and gas field activities are also presented. A group of researchers from Florida State University review biochemical measures of the biomass, community structure and metabolic activity of the groundwater microbiota. Their main conclusions are that there is a microbiota, albeit sparse, in the groundwater sediments and that this microbiota is clearly different from the surface one. The last paper of this part, by G. Bengtsson also describes and discusses a microcosm for a groundwater research. Part 3 includes six papers on subsurface characterization in relation to groundwater pollution. C. P. Young discusses briefly physical characteristics [e.g., porosity and the presence of fissures and karsts), geochemical ones and microbial distribution. A detailed strategy for subsurface characterization research is presented by A. W. Hounslow who emphasizes that any conceptual scheme of contaminant transport in an aquifer must be based on field observation and laboratory characterization and experiments. Microbial characterization is also discussed by W.C. Ghiorse and D. L. Balkwill. 184 Adv. Water Resources, 1986, Volume 9, September
Transcript of Who's who in the water industry 1986: Published by Turret-Wheatland Ltd., Penn House, Penn Place,...
B O O K R E V I E W S
Who's Who in the Water Industry 1986 Published by Turret-Wheatland Ltd., Penn House, Penn Place, Rickmanswoth, Herts, for Water Authorities Association, 1 Queen Anne's Gate, London, SW1H 9BT. Softback, 200pp, price £14.50.
W 0 IM
IM
If you want to know who to contact among UK water authorities, water companies and government departments, then this book is for you. There are ten water authorities in England and Wales, each with their own divisional offices. The book shows the boundaries and approximate location of offices for each authority. It provides the organisational headings and appears to name all offices with their job function, complete with office addresses and telephone numbers.
The water industries in Scotland and Northern Ireland are also included but their structure is different as they come directly under government departments or local authorities.
A list of associations and other organisations connected with the water industry is also included, together with detailed categories of equipment suppliers and trade names. The book is comprehensive and well laid out.
L.S.
Ground Water Quality Editors: C. H. Ward, W. Gig[ler and P. L. McCarty Wiley Interscience Publ., 547 pp., 1985.
This is an excellent collection of 28 papers presented at the First International Conference on Ground Water Quality Research (Rice University, Houston, Texas, October, 1981 ) sponsored by the National Center for Groundwater Research. As the editors emphasize, the book is only a selection of papers and not the proceedings of the conference. Following a Preface by Dr. Jack Keeley, of the Ground Water Research Branch of the Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory and an Introduction by Jay Lehr of the National Water Well Association, the book is divided into four parts that cover the subject from the sources of contaminants up to their transport and fate.
In his presentation, Jack Keeley indicates the current needs for ground research. Among these he mentions pollution by organic and inorganic contaminants, viruses, trace organics, chemicals associated with drilling practices, aquifer rehabilitation techniques and abiotic and biological processes. Jay Lehr addresses the problem of pollution from the point of view of the public's concern for the quality of groundwater.
Part 1 deals with sources, types and quantities of contaminants in groundwater. A brief overview of contaminants in groundwater is given by B.C.J. Zoeteman of the Netherlands. He indicates sources of organic and inorganic
contaminants and effects on the soil's ecosystem. David Miller reviews, in rather descriptive terms, several typical cases of contamination, as affected by geology, density and pumping. The topic of microbial contamination of the subsurface is briefly introduced by C. P. Gerba. Cases of occurrence and reviews and the factors that influence the movement ofvirsuses and bacteria in soil are listed. Altogether the authors emphasize that very little is known on this important subject. The effects of local sources of pollution on groundwater quality in The Netherlands, are reviewed by W. van Duijvenbooden. Two cases of aquifer pollution by natural processes in New Zealand are presented by C. J. Dowries. In the Hunt Valley, changes in water quality are produced by rock-water interaction and oxidation-reduction reactions. The author shows that changes in concentration of oxidizable and reducible species closely follow the sequence predicted by thermodynamic data. A second case is the Takaka Valley, where sea water intrusion into a karstic aquifer occurs.
Artificial recharge of aquifers is an important tool in the management of water resources. River water may serve as a source of water for the purpose. Hence the importance of the paper by G . J . M . M . Smeenk on the behaviour of organic pollutants in pretreated Rhine water during dune infiltration in the Netherlands. The paper indicates the important role played by the organic content of the soil. Chemical treatment, such as prechlorination, should be avoided.
A paper by K.M. Baxter deals with the discharging of primary sewage effluent on triassic sandstone at a site in the UK. Detailed data are presented on soil and water in both the saturated and the unsaturated zones. The author concludes that, if properly managed, such sewage disposal methods considerably improve the quality of the recharged effluent and also conserve groundwater resources.
The last paper of Part 1 (by a group of researchers from Rice University) also deals with the land application of municipal waste water. The paper focuses on chromatographic trace level organics (C-TLOs) which are of major concern with rapid infitration sites. Based on field and laboratory studies, the authors suggest a model for the retarded rate of movement of C- TLOs due to degradation and adsorption.
Part 2 includes five papers on methods for groundwater quality research. C.P. Young and K.M. Baxter present an overview of methods for groundwater investigations. A group of researchers from the Department of Biochemistry of Oklahoma State University review biochemical methods for the detection of subsurface contamination/biomass, and conclude that the standard assays used in biochemical laboratories do not possess the sensitivity required with sparsely populated environmental samples. A summary of methods for the assessment of groundwater pollution is presented by L. W. Canter. The use of a Waste-Soil-Site Interaction Matrix is proposed and demonstrated. Empirical methods for the evaluation of ponds, septic tanks and landfills oil and gas field activities are also presented.
A group of researchers from Florida State University review biochemical measures of the biomass, community structure and metabolic activity of the groundwater microbiota. Their main conclusions are that there is a microbiota, albeit sparse, in the groundwater sediments and that this microbiota is clearly different from the surface one.
The last paper of this part, by G. Bengtsson also describes and discusses a microcosm for a groundwater research.
Part 3 includes six papers on subsurface characterization in relation to groundwater pollution. C. P. Young discusses briefly physical characteristics [e.g., porosity and the presence of fissures and karsts), geochemical ones and microbial distribution. A detailed strategy for subsurface characterization research is presented by A. W. Hounslow who emphasizes that any conceptual scheme of contaminant transport in an aquifer must be based on field observation and laboratory characterization and experiments. Microbial characterization is also discussed by W.C. Ghiorse and D. L. Balkwill.
184 Adv. Water Resources, 1986, Volume 9, September
