Who Were the Israelites? About 1200 BC empires around the Mediterranean Sea fell (collapsed) New...
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Who Were the Israelites?• About 1200 BC empires around the
Mediterranean Sea fell (collapsed)• New people entered the region• Around 1000 BC people called
Israelites built a kingdom in Canaan• Canaan lies along the far eastern
shore of the Mediterranean Sea.
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Monotheism
• The Israelite religion believed in one God
• Their religion became known as Judaism
• Those who followed Judaism became known as Jews
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The First Israelites
• The first Israelites spoke Hebrew
• Earliest Israelites were herders
• According to the Hebrew Bible, they came from Mesopotamia and settled in Canaan
• Today Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan are where Canaan used to be
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Actor, Charles Heston as Moses
In the 1956 movie, “The Ten Commandments.”
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Who Was Abraham?• Abraham—Israelites believed they
all descended from Abraham– The Hebrew Bible tells us that Abraham
was told by God to leave Mesopotamia and travel to Canaan
– Once in Canaan, they were to worship one true God
– God promised the Israelites that Canaan would belong to Abraham and his descendents
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Who Was Jacob?
• Jacob was Abraham’s grandson• Jacob was also called Israel
–Descendents of Jacob called themselves Israelites
• Jacob had 12 sons–When they grew up they separated to make The Twelve Tribes of Israel
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Into Egypt…
• The Israelites lived in Canaan for about 100 years–Then a severe drought occurred and forced them to go into Egypt (..not a good idea!)
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From Slavery to Freedom• In Egypt, Pharaoh needed slaves to
build his Pyramids—so he enslaved the Israelites
• To prevent rebellion, Pharaoh ordered first-born baby boys to be killed
• One mother sent her baby, Moses, down the Nile in a reed basket
• Baby Moses was found by the Pharaoh’s daughter and raised as her own child
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Moses• As an adult, Moses believed God
wanted him to lead his people, the Israelites.
• With God’s help Moses tried to get Pharaoh to let the Israelites leave Egypt with their freedom
• God sent 10 plagues (great sicknesses) upon the Egyptians
• Eventually Pharaoh let the Israelites go
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On Their Way Back to Canaan
• The Israelites had to travel through the Sinai Desert
• On Mount Sinai God spoke to Moses and gave him The Laws of God, or the Torah
• As part of the Torah, God gave Moses Ten Commandments all should live by
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The Promised Land• It took the Israelites about 40 years to
return to Canaan
• Along the way Moses died—Joshua became their leader
• When they arrived in Canaan others were living there. The Israelites believed it was God’s plan that they should live there
• Joshua and the Israelites overtook the city of Jericho and regained Canaan
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After Joshua Died…
• Israelites looked to judges for leadership• The judges were all men, except for one:
Deborah• Deborah arranged for one of the other
judge’s soldiers to attack the Canaanite King Jabin– Over time the Israelites drove them out– The Israelites built walls around their towns
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The Phoenician Alphabet
• One group of Canaanites, the Phoenicians, were skilled sailors and traders
• While trading, the Phoenicians shared many ideas in other lands– One of their best ideas was for a
alphabet•Their alphabet helped others to keep
records and share ideas of their own
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Test Your Memory
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The End