White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) Sense-Through-The- Wall ...

White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) Sense-Through-The-

Wall (STTW) Test Report

by Canh Ly

ARL-TR-6763 December 2013

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

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Army Research Laboratory Adelphi, MD 20783-1197

ARL-TR-6763 December 2013

White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) Sense-Through-The-

Wall (STTW) Test Report

Canh Ly

Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, ARL


ii

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1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)

December 2013

2. REPORT TYPE

Final

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4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE

White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) Sense-Through-The-Wall (STTW) Test

Report

5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

5b. GRANT NUMBER

5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

6. AUTHOR(S)

Canh Ly

5d. PROJECT NUMBER

5e. TASK NUMBER

5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)

U.S. Army Research Laboratory

ATTN: RDRL-SER-E

2800 Powder Mill Road

Adelphi, MD 20783-1197

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ARL-TR-6763

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12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT


13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

14. ABSTRACT

This report describes the experiment report at White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), NM, for the handheld sense-through-the-

wall (STTW) radar systems, built by L3 Communications and Raytheon. The report describes the systems in detail with

regard to the design, specifications, and capabilities as well as external hardware modifications that were implemented for the

experiment. It also includes a comprehensive test matrix for the experiment.

15. SUBJECT TERMS

Sense-Through-The-Wall, White Sands, experiment, test matrix, L3-Cyterra, Raytheon

16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:

17. LIMITATION OF

ABSTRACT

UU

18. NUMBER OF

PAGES

42

19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON

Canh Ly a. REPORT

Unclassified

b. ABSTRACT

Unclassified

c. THIS PAGE

Unclassified

19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (Include area code)

(301) 394-0868

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98)

Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

iii

Contents

List of Figures v

List of Tables v

1. Introduction 1

2. Radar System Description 1

2.1 L3-Cyterra STTW ...........................................................................................................1

2.1.1 L3-Cyterra STTW Overview ...............................................................................1

2.1.2 L3-Cyterra STTW Detailed View .......................................................................2

2.1.3 L3-Cyterra Hardware Modifications for WSMR Experiment ............................2

2.1.4 L3-Cyterra STTW Specifications ........................................................................3

2.1.5 L3-Cyterra STTW Display View ........................................................................3

2.1.6 L3-Cyterra STTW Capabilities ...........................................................................4

2.2 Raytheon STTW ..............................................................................................................4

2.2.1 Raytheon STTW Overview .................................................................................4

2.2.2 Raytheon STTW Detailed View ..........................................................................5

2.2.3 Raytheon STTW Sensor Assembly .....................................................................5

2.2.4 Raytheon Hardware Modifications for the WSMR Test .....................................6

2.2.5 Raytheon STTW Specifications ..........................................................................8

2.2.6 Raytheon STTW Display View ...........................................................................8

2.2.7 Raytheon STTW Capabilities ..............................................................................9

3. Physical Test Location 9

4. Personnel 12

5. Communications Device 12

6. Performance Test 12

6.1 One-System Test (L3-Cyterra, Raytheon).....................................................................12

6.2 Two Identical L3-Cyterra Systems Placed Orthogonally..............................................13

6.3 Two Identical Raytheon Systems Placed Orthogonally ................................................13

iv

7. Test Matrix 13

8. Conclusions 31

List of Symbols, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 32

Distribution List 33

v

List of Figures

Figure 1. L3-Cyterra STTW (AN/PPS-26B) overview. ..................................................................2

Figure 2. L3-Cyterra STTW (AN/PPS-26B) detailed view. ............................................................2

Figure 3. L3 Hardware modifications. .............................................................................................3

Figure 4. L3 Screen layout. ..............................................................................................................4

Figure 5. Raytheon STTW (AN/PPS-26A) overview. ....................................................................5

Figure 6. Raytheon STTW (AN/PPS-26A) detailed view. ..............................................................5

Figure 7. Raytheon STTW sensor assembly. ...................................................................................6

Figure 8. Raytheon hardware modification (a) custom external power cable and USB cable, (b) Plexiglas L-bracket for camera mounting, and (c) custom made adaptor for external power..........................................................................................................................................7

Figure 9. USB-CAT5 extender, (a) transmitter, and receiver modules, (b) Ethernet cable connection locations, and (c) connections to PC USB and Raytheon USB...............................7

Figure 10. Raytheon STTW display. ...............................................................................................8

Figure 11. North (adobe) and west (cinder block) walls. ..............................................................10

Figure 12. Dimensions of the test structure. ..................................................................................10

List of Tables

Table 1. L3-Cyterra STTW specifications. ......................................................................................3

Table 2. L3-Cyterra STTW capabilities...........................................................................................4

Table 3. Raytheon STTW specifications. ........................................................................................8

Table 4. How to intepret the Raytheon STTW display. ...................................................................9

Table 5. Raytheon STTW capabilities. ............................................................................................9

Table 6. Explanation of annotations in figure 12. ..........................................................................11

Table 7. Text matrix for the WSMR experiment. ..........................................................................14

vi

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.

1

1. Introduction

In an effort to independently evaluate sense-through-the-wall (STTW) systems from two

vendors, L3-Cyterra and Raytheon, for the Intelligence and Information Warfare Directorate

(I2WD) of the U.S. Army Communications-Electronics Research and Development and

Engineering Center (CERDEC), the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has conducted an

experiment to collect data and evaluate those systems. Importantly, the experiment has been

expanded to evaluate two systems (same manufacture) operating at the same time in order to

determine the effect of the orthogonality of the two systems on the improvement of the detection

of a target or multiple targets that are behind the wall(s) of a structure or building.

Section 2 of this report describes the L3-Cyterra and Raytheon radar units in detail with regard to

the design, specifications, and capabilities as well as external hardware modifications that were

implemented for the experiment. Section 3 describes the physical test location at White Sands

Missile Range (WSMR), NM. Section 4 mentions personnel who participated in the experiment.

Section 5 describes the communication devices needed for the test. Section 6 describes the

performance test for the test. Section 7 describes the comprehensive test matrix for the

experiment.

2. Radar System Description

The STTW radar system uses radio frequency (RF) technology to detect and locate personnel

(targets) behind walls or doors. The STTW system is a standalone, lightweight, handheld sensor

that provides the Warfighter with the capability to detect, locate, and sense target(s) behind

walls, doors, and other visible obstructions from a standoff distance. The STTW can penetrate

common non-metallic wall materials to detect potential unwanted targets before entering a room

or building. Lightweight handheld STTW systems scan exterior walls to accurately detect both

mobile and stationary personnel through walls in near real time while being operated with or

without operator standoff.

Two systems were tested from each vendor. The L3-Cyterra system is described in detail in

section 5.1 and the Raytheon system is described in section 5.2.

2.1 L3-Cyterra STTW

2.1.1 L3-Cyterra STTW Overview

Two L3-Cyttera radar units were used for the experiment at WSMR, NM. The units were labeled

Sensor ID 62 (CECOM Barcode 1A5095) and Sensor ID 90 (CECOM Barcode 1A5443). The

2

software version 1.3/7.4.3 included a motion compensation algorithm in the firmware 2.16.

Figure 1 shows the overview of the L3-Cytterra radar unit.

Figure 1. L3-Cyterra STTW (AN/PPS-26B) overview.

2.1.2 L3-Cyterra STTW Detailed View

Figure 2 shows the detailed view of the L3-Cyterra radar unit. The bottom right view faced

toward the wall when the radar was in the scan (test) mode.

Figure 2. L3-Cyterra STTW (AN/PPS-26B) detailed view.

2.1.3 L3-Cyterra Hardware Modifications for WSMR Experiment

The radar unit operates 8 “AA” batteries. It lasted a maximum of only 2.5 h if lithium batteries

were used and only 5 to 10 min maximum if alkaline batteries were used. We made an external

power adaptor to use a power supply instead of batteries for the experiment due to the continuous

length of the test, which was longer 2 h. The adaptor was a custom high definition multimedia

interface (HDMI) cable that provided power to the unit as well as a datalink via the Ethernet

connector. We also built an aluminum L bracket attachment to the unit to reduce the stress of the

cable on the unit connector, as shown in figure 3. In addition, we built a Plexiglas L bracket for

mounting the radar onto a camera tripod.

3

Figure 3. L3 Hardware modifications.

2.1.4 L3-Cyterra STTW Specifications

Table 1 shows the specifications for the L3-Cyttera radar unit.

Table 1. L3-Cyterra STTW specifications.

2.1.5 L3-Cyterra STTW Display View

Figure 4 shows the screen display of the L3-Cyterra unit when it is in test mode. This screen

displayed the rectangular option. The user can switch to the polar displayed mode by holding one

of the scan buttons and then following the main menu to change the screen appropriately.

4

Figure 4. L3 Screen layout.

2.1.6 L3-Cyterra STTW Capabilities

Table 2 shows the capabilities of the L3-Cyterra radar unit.

Table 2. L3-Cyterra STTW capabilities.

Function Performance

Max effective range 30 m (from sensor)

Minimum mobile target acquisition time 5 s

Minimum stationary targeta acquisition time 30 s

Accuracy 2 m in down range or cross range

Field of view ±60° from center (open air)

Water resistant 4 ft for 30 min

aA target that exhibits activity but does not change position.

2.2 Raytheon STTW

2.2.1 Raytheon STTW Overview

Two Raytheon radar units were used for the experiment at WSMR, NM. The units are labeled

Serial number 55 (CECOM Barcode 1A5435) and Serial number 59 (CECOM Barcode

1A5436). The unified software version 001.002.001 included a motion compensation algorithm

5

in the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) firmware 005.000.000 and digital signal processor

(DSP) version 006.002.001. The manufacturing date was 22 March 2011. Figure 5 shows the

overview of the Raytheon radar unit.

Figure 5. Raytheon STTW

(AN/PPS-26A) overview.

2.2.2 Raytheon STTW Detailed View

Figure 6 shows the detailed view of the Raytheon radar unit.

Figure 6. Raytheon STTW (AN/PPS-26A) detailed view.

2.2.3 Raytheon STTW Sensor Assembly

Figure 7 shows the Raytheon radar assembly.

6

Figure 7. Raytheon STTW sensor assembly.

2.2.4 Raytheon Hardware Modifications for the WSMR Test

The radar unit operates on 4 “AA” batteries. It lasted a maximum of only 2.5 h if lithium

batteries were used and only 5 to 10 min maximum if alkaline batteries were used. Figure 10

shows the external hardware modifications for the Raytheon unit. We made a custom external

power cable (figure 8a) and a L Plexiglas bracket (figure 8b) for mounting the unit on a tripod.

We also built an adaptor that replaced the battery carrier to supply the power to the unit for the

experiment due to the continuous length of the test.

7

Figure 8. Raytheon hardware modification (a) custom external power cable and USB cable,

(b) Plexiglas L-bracket for camera mounting, and (c) custom made adaptor for external

power.

The USB-CAT5 extender was used to extend the universal serial bus (USB) link between PC and

the Raytheon radar unit. There are two modules, as shown in figure 9a, for the extender: the

transmitter module and the receiver module. One end of the transmitter module connects the PC

via a USB and the other end connects to a long Ethernet cable, as shown in figure 9b. One end of

the receiver connects a long Ethernet cable to the Ethernet port, and the other end connects the

Raytheon USB connector, as shown in figure 9c.

Figure 9. USB-CAT5 extender, (a) transmitter, and receiver modules, (b) Ethernet cable

connection locations, and (c) connections to PC USB and Raytheon USB.

8

2.2.5 Raytheon STTW Specifications

Table 3 shows the specifications of the Raytheon radar unit. Note that the Raytheon unit uses a

frequency modulated continuous wave for the transmitted waveform. In other hands, the L3-

Cyterra transmitted a step frequency waveform.

Table 3. Raytheon STTW specifications.

2.2.6 Raytheon STTW Display View

Figure 10 shows the display of the Raytheon radar unit when it is in the testing state. Table 4

explains how to interpret the STTW display.

Figure 10. Raytheon STTW display.

9

Table 4. How to intepret the Raytheon STTW display.

Item Raytheon STTW Unit

Background Black with white grids

Battery indicator White indicator

Moving personnel and past history Solid yellow circle and open orange circles

Moving personnel with no angle Open yellow circle

Still personnel and past history Solid yellow triangle and open orange triangle

Still personnel without angle Open yellow triangle

Wall icons Horizontal yellow lines

Interference in grid Shading with white dots

Normal/Hi Sens Displayed

Brightness indicator (on left button activation) Displayed

2.2.7 Raytheon STTW Capabilities

Table 5 shows the capabilities of the Raytheon radar unit.

Table 5. Raytheon STTW capabilities.

Function Performance

Max range 40 m through 8-in adobe

Minimum mobile target acquisition time <= 3 s, <= 1-s update

Minimum stationary target acquisition time <= 8 s, <= 1-s update

Accuracy 2 m in range or cross range

Field of View ±50° from center (open air)

Water resistant Not specified

3. Physical Test Location

A series of tests was conducted at WSMR, NM, at the Dog Site using the adobe/cinder block

structure. Figure 11 is the physical building at the test site. This building consists of two adobe

walls (north and south) and two cinder block walls (east and west). All walls are 8 in thick. We

conducted the experiments on the adobe north wall and the cinder block west wall.

10

Figure 11. North (adobe) and west (cinder block) walls.

Figure 12 shows the experimental setup. Table 6 details the annotations in figure 12.

Figure 12. Dimensions of the test structure.

11

Table 6. Explanation of annotations in figure 12.

B1A Breather position 1 with respect to the adobe wall

B2 Breather position 2 with respect to the adobe and cinder block walls

B3A Breather position 3 with respect to the adobe wall

B1C Breather position 1 with respect to the cinder block wall

B3C Breather position 3 with respect to the cinder block wall

B4 Breather position 4 when testing at the adobe north wall

B5 Breather position 5 when testing at the adobe north wall

B6 Breather position 6 when testing at the cinder block west wall

B7 Breather position 7 when testing at the cinder block west wall

M1 One moving target in the transverse direction with respect to the adobe wall (north)

M3 One moving target in the transverse direction with respect to the adobe wall (north)

M2 One moving target in the radial direction with respect to the adobe wall (north)

M4 One moving target in the radial direction with respect to the adobe wall (north)

From figure 12, the referenced coordinate is at the center of the test structure with a coordinate at

(0, 0) m, which is the B2 position. The positive x-axis points to the east direction. The positive

y-axis points to the north direction. All other position coordinates are based on the center.

Position B1A, which has a coordinate at (2.5 m, 2 m), was used to test the coverage area based

on the specified antenna patterns. This position was tested against adobe north wall when the

radar units operated at a 0-m standoff distance. The B2 position was used to test against the

adobe north wall and the cinder block west wall when the radar units operated at 15-, 4-, and 0-m

standoff distances. This position was also used to determine the probability of detection. Position

B3A (–2.5 m, –2.5 m) was used to test against the adobe north wall when the radar units

operated at 15-, 4-, and 0-m standoff distances. This position stretched the capability of the radar

units to check to see whether the units could detect a target due to the reflection of the two walls

(cinder block west and adobe south walls). Position B1C (–2.5 m, 2 m) was used to test the

coverage area based on the specified antenna patterns. This position was tested against the cinder

block west wall when the radar units operated at a 0-m standoff distance. Position B3C

(2.5 m, –2.5 m) was used to test against the cinder block west wall when the radar units operated

at 15-, 4-, and 0-m standoff distances. This position stretched the capability of the radar units to

check to see whether the units could detect a target due to the reflection of the two walls (adobe

south and cinder block east walls). Positions B4 (1 m, 2 m) and B5 (–1 m, 0 m) were used to test

the radar units with two stationary targets against the adobe north wall. Positions B6 (–2 m, 1 m)

and B7 (0 m, –1 m) were used to test the radar units with two stationary targets against the cinder

block west wall. “M1” and “M3” indicated a moving (walking) target in the transverse direction

with respect to the adobe north wall or in the radial direction with respect to the cinder block

west wall. “M2” and “M4” indicated a walking target in the transverse direction with respect to

the cinder block west or in the radial direction with respect to the adobe north wall.

12

4. Personnel

Personnel from ARL’s Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate (SEDD), RF& Electronic

Division, Electronics Technology (Canh Ly, Derwin Washington), RF Signal Processing and

Modeling (Traian Dogaru, Kenneth Raney) Branches, the WSMR Test Directorate (Paul Brown,

Mike Williams), and I2WD (CERDEC) (Sean Broderick) conducted experiments including

operating systems from each vendor and scanning the test structure for potential target(s)/

personnel inside the test structure. Art Harrison from Antennas & RF Technology Integration

Branch built custom external power supply cables for both radar systems. He also built L-

Plexiglas brackets for mounting the systems on a camera tripod. The testing included one and

two radar systems. The one-system testing required four personnel: one operator, one recorder,

and two targets inside the test structure. The two-system testing required six personnel: two

operators, two recorders, and two targets inside the test structure.

5. Communications Device

Two-way radio devices were used to communicate between an operator, target(s) inside the test

structure, and a recorder. The recorder(s) started each scan with information including standoff

distance and scenario description (defined in section 6.1.6). In order to effectively evaluate the

systems, the operator(s) were not supposed to know whether there was no target, one target, or

two targets behind the test structure. The operator observed the display screen and read out all

relevant information appear on the display of the test system. The information included wall line

indicator(s), at what range(s) where the wall(s) appear, number of dot(s) (target(s)) (i.e., circle,

square, or triangle), and where the target(s) appear.

6. Performance Test

This section describes the test procedure for the experiment. The procedure included the tests for

a L3-Cyterra radar unit, a Raytheon radar unit, and two radar units.

6.1 One-System Test (L3-Cyterra, Raytheon)

Basic steps and scenarios were covered for tests with one radar unit:

• Standoff distances: 15, 4, and 0 m from the test system.

• System reset: The system was reset (aimed at the ground) before and after each scan and

when moving to the next standoff distance.

13

• Time scan: 30 s

• Decisions were based on the interpretation of an operator.

• Single target (personnel) or multiple targets moving and/or standing

• Scenarios for a test consist of:

a. Scenario #1: No targets presence, empty room

b. Scenario #2: Single stationary target, but active target

c. Scenario #3: Single moving target (walking with a normal pace)

d. Scenario #4: Multiple (two) stationary (standing) targets are apart within 2 m for both

down-range and cross-range

e. Scenario #5: Multiple (two) moving targets (walking in a normal pace) in the opposite

direction

6.2 Two Identical L3-Cyterra Systems Placed Orthogonally

One system scans the adobe north wall and the other scans the cinder block west wall. Follow the

procedure outlined in section 6.1.

6.3 Two Identical Raytheon Systems Placed Orthogonally

One system scans the adobe north wall and the other scans the cinder block west wall. Follow the

procedure outlined in section 6.1.

7. Test Matrix

There were 483 runs (scans) for the experiment. The experiment covered from July 29, 2013, to

August 1, 2013. Each scan associates with a unique name, used as the filename stored in hard

disks. Table 7 is a comprehensive test matrix for the experiment.

14

Table 7. Text matrix for the WSMR experiment.

Experiment at White Sands

File List

Note: L in front of filename designates L3-Cyterra, and R for Raytheon.

Walking_R stands for walking in radial direction,

and Walking_T stands for walking transverse direction.

AN: adobe north wall; CW: cinder block west wall

AS: adobe South wall; CE: cinder block East wall

Planned Exp. Date Planned Experimental Dates

Actual Exp. Dates 7/29/2013

7/30/2013

7/31/2013

8/1/2013

Filename Filename. Test was carried out.

NO DATA TEST was not carried out.

July 29, 2013

Survey the test site and stake all positions, and check out all equipment.

Perform experiment on a Raytheon radar

07/29/13 000_R_AN_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Test01

07/29/13 000_R_AN_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time_Test01

07/30/13 1000_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_OneWalking_Along_CW

07/30/13 2000_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_OneWalking_Behind_CW

07/30/13 3000_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_OneWalking_Along_CW

07/30/13 4000_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_OneWalking_Behind_CW

July 30, 2013 Filename

L3-Cyterra

7/30/2013 001_L_Open_Sky

7/30/2013 002_L_Open_Area

7/30/2013 003_L_Open_Area_Tripod

north wall (adobe)

7/30/2013 004_L_AN_15m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 005_L_AN_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

006_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 007_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/30/2013 007a_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

15

Table 7. Text matrix for the WSMR experiment (continued).

north wall (adobe)



7/30/2013 009a_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009b_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009c_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009d_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009e_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009f_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009g_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 009h_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 010_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B1A_Trial_01



7/30/2013 013_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01



7/30/2013 015a_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015b_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015c_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015d_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015e_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015f_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 015g_L_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03







7/30/2013 021a_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021b_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021c_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021d_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021e_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021f_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021g_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 021h_L_AN_10m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01

7/30/2013 021i_L_AN_10m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_02

7/30/2013 021j_L_AN_10m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 019a_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Trial_01


16


north wall (adobe)





7/30/2013 025_L_AN_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2_Trial_01



7/30/2013 028_L_AN_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M1_Trial_01















7/30/2013 043_L_AN_0m_TwoStationaryTargets_B4B5_Trial_01









7/30/2013 052_L_AN_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M2M4_Trial_01



17


north wall (adobe)

7/30/2013 055_L_AN_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_T_M1M3_Trial_01















west wall

(cinder block)

7/31/2013 070_L_CW_15m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 071_L_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/31/2013 071a_L_CW_15m_SingleStationaryTargetB2_Tripod


7/31/2013 072a_L_CW_4m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 072b_L_CW_4m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 073_L_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod


7/30/2013 074a_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074b_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074c_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074d_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074e_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074f_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074g_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074i_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/30/2013 074j_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

18


(cinder block)

075_L_CW_0m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/30/2013 076_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B1C_Trial_01



7/30/2013 079_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01



7/30/2013 081a_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081b_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081c_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081d_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081e_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081f_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/30/2013 081g_L_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03







7/31/2013 087a_L_CW_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod




7/31/2013 091_L_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M3_Trial_01



7/31/2013 094_L_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4_Trial_01



TEST3




7/31/2013 091a_L_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M3_Trial_01


19


(cinder block)


7/31/2013 093b_L_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M3_Trial_03

7/31/2013 094a_L_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4_Trial_01















7/30/2013 109_L_CW_0m_TwoStationaryTargets_B6B7_Trial_01









7/31/2013 118_L_CW_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M1M3_Trial_01



7/31/2013 121_L_CW_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_T_M2M4_Trial_01






20


(cinder block)










July 31, 2013 Filename

Raytheon

136_R_Open_Sky

137_R_Open_Area

138_R_Open_Area_Tripod

north wall (adobe)

7/29/2013 139_R_AN_15m_EmptyRoom

7/29/2013 140_R_AN_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

141_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom

7/29/2013 142_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/29/2013 142a_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time

7/29/2013 143_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_Trial_01


7/29/2013 144a_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_Trial_02_Time

7/29/2013 144b_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_Trial_02

7/29/2013 144c_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_Trial_02

7/29/2013 144d_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_Trial_02

7/29/2013 145_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B1A_Trial_01



7/29/2013 148_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01



7/29/2013 150a_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/29/2013 150b_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

21


north wall (adobe)

7/29/2013 150c_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/29/2013 150d_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/29/2013 150e_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/29/2013 150f_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/29/2013 150g_R_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03




154_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01



7/29/2013 154a_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Trial_01

7/29/2013 154b_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Trial_01_Time


7/29/2013 155b_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Trial_02_Time





7/29/2013 160_R_AN_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2_Trial_01



7/29/2013 163_R_AN_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M1_Trial_01














22


north wall (adobe)


7/29/2013 178_R_AN_0m_TwoStationaryTargets_B4B5_Trial_01









7/29/2013 187_R_AN_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M2M4_Trial_01



7/29/2013 190_R_AN_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_T_M1M3_Trial_01















(cinder block)

7/31/2013 205_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 205a_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 205b_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom

23


(cinder block)

7/31/2013 206_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/31/2013 206a_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time

7/31/2013 206b_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time_WalkingBehindRadar

7/31/2013 206c_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time_WalkingAlongRadar

7/31/2013 206d_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_WalkingAlongRadar

7/31/2013 2060_R_CW_15m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_WalkingBehindRadar




7/31/2013 208_R_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod

7/31/2013 208a_R_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_Tripod_Time

7/31/2013 208b_R_CW_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Time

7/31/2013 208c_R_CW_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod





7/31/2013 210c_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210d_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210e_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210f_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210g_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210h_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom

7/31/2013 210h_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom_Time

7/31/2013 210i_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Time

7/31/2013 210j_R_CW_0m_EmptyRoom_Time

7/31/2013 211_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B1C_Trial_01



7/31/2013 214_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01



7/31/2013 216a_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/31/2013 216b_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/31/2013 216c_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/31/2013 216d_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/31/2013 216e_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

7/31/2013 216f_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03

24


(cinder block)

7/31/2013 216g_R_CW_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_03










7/31/2013 225a_R_CW_15m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod

7/31/2013 225b_R_CW_15m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Tripod_Time

7/31/2013 226_R_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M3_Trial_01



7/31/2013 229_R_CW_15m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4_Trial_01









7/31/2013 2370_R_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_BehindRadarDifferentRanges







7/31/2013 244_R_CW_0m_TwoStationaryTargets_B6B7_Trial_01



25


(cinder block)







7/31/2013 253_R_CW_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M1M3_Trial_01



7/31/2013 256_R_CW_15m_TwoWalkingTargets_T_M2M4_Trial_01















August 1, 2013 Filename

L3 and Raytheon

Check False Alarm

7/30/2013

271_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01

7/30/2013 272_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_02


7/30/2013

274_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01

7/30/2013 275_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_02

26


Check False Alarm


7/30/2013

277_L_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01



7/30/2013

280_R_AN_0m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01



283_L_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01



286_R_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_ExternalMover_1m_BehindRadar_Trial_01









7/30/2013 295_L_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Trial_01














27


Check False Alarm







315_L_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_Trial_01










326_R_CW_4m_EmptyRoom_Trial_01










Check Probability of

Detection 336_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01

337_L_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_02













28








7/29/2013 355a_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_10_Time

7/29/2013 355b_R_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_10_Time

7/29/2013 355c_R_AN_4m_EmptyRoom_Trial_10_Time

356_L_CW_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01










366_R_CW_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B2_Trial_01










Check out two systems

L3-Cyterra

8/1/2013 376a_L1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2

8/1/2013 376d_L1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2

8/1/2013 376e_L1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 376f_L1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 376b_L1_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 376c_L1_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 376_L1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M4

8/1/2013 376g_L1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M4

8/1/2013 376h_L1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

29



L3-Cyterra

8/1/2013 376i_L1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 376j_L1_AN_4m_SingleStationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 377a_L2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M2

8/1/2013 377d_L2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M2

8/1/2013 377e_L2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_M1

8/1/2013 377f_L2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_M1

8/1/2013 377b_L2_CW_0m_StationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 377c_L2_CW_0m_StationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 377_L2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4

8/1/2013 377g_L2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4

8/1/2013 377h_L2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 377i_L2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 377j_L2_CW_4m_StationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 378a_L1_AN_4m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M1M3

8/1/2013 379a_L2_CW_4m_TwoWalkingTarget_T_M1M3


Raytheon

8/1/2013 380a_R1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2

8/1/2013 380d_R1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M2

8/1/2013 380e_R1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 380f_R1_AN_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 380b_R1_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 380c_R1_AN_0m_SingleStationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 380_R1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M4

8/1/2013 380g_R1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M4

8/1/2013 380h_R1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 380i_R1_AN_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 382_R1_AN_4m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M2M4

8/1/2013 382a_R1_AN_4m_TwoWalkingTargets_R_M1M3

8/1/2013 381a_R2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M2

8/1/2013 381d_R2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M2

30



Raytheon

8/1/2013 381e_R2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_M1

8/1/2013 381f_R2_CW_0m_SingleWalkingTarget_M1

8/1/2013 381b_R2_CW_0m_StationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 381c_R2_CW_0m_StationaryTarget_B5

8/1/2013 381_R2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4

8/1/2013 381g_R2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_T_M4

8/1/2013 381h_R2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 381i_R2_CW_4m_SingleWalkingTarget_R_M1

8/1/2013 383_R2_CW_4m_TwoWalkingTarget_T_M2M4

383a_R2_CW_4m_TwoWalkingTarget_T_M1M3

7/31/2013 384a_R_CW_15m_Tripod_EmptyRoom_BackgroundVehicle_BehindSystem

385_R_CW_15m_Tripod_EmptyRoom_BackgroundVehicle_BehindSystem

7/31/2013 386_R_CW_15m_Tripod_EmptyRoom_BackgroundVehicle_MainRoad

7/31/2013 387_R_CW_15m_Tripod_EmptyRoom_BackgroundVehicle_MainRoad

8/1/2013 388_L_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_Clockwise



8/1/2013 391_L_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

392_L_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

393_L_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

8/1/2013 394_R_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_Clockwise



8/1/2013 397_R_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

398_R_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

399_R_AN_4m_SingleWalkingAroundTheRoom_M1M2M3M4

8/1/2013 400_L_AN_0m_SingleWalking_M2_SingleStationary_B5



8/1/2013 403_L_AN_4m_SingleWalking_M1_SingleWalking_M2_Orthogonal

8/1/2013 404_L_AN_4m_SingleWalking_M1_SingleWalking_M2_Orthogonal

8/1/2013 405_R_AN_0m_SingleWalking_M2_SingleStationary_B5



31



Raytheon

8/1/2013 408_R_AN_4m_SingleWalking_M1_SingleWalking_M2_Orthogonal



8. Conclusions

This report revealed a test plan for the experiment at WSMR, NM. The experiment lasted from

July 29, 2013, to August 1, 2013. The test plan was developed to cover potentially realistic

scenarios. Since the radar systems were operated with “AA” standard size batteries, they were

not suitable for the experiment in terms of the duration of the test and the cost of batteries.

Therefore, in order to test the radar systems continuously, we modified the external hardware.

Specifically, we made custom external power adaptors for both radar systems. In addition, we

also made a long Ethernet cable to communicate between the PC and the radar to avoid the

interference between a “real” target and a “false” target. We used an USB-CAT5 extender to

connect the PC and the radar via 100-ft CAT5 cable when testing the Raytheon units.

The experiment was successfully conducted without any interruption. A presentation is being

developed for I2WD review and/or Program Manager (PM) Soldier meeting.

32

List of Symbols, Abbreviations, and Acronyms

ARL U.S. Army Research Laboratory

CERDEC U.S. Army Communications-Electronics Research and Development and

Engineering Center

DSP digital signal processor

FPGA field-programmable gate array

HDMI high definition multimedia interface

I2WD Intelligence and Information Warfare Directorate

RF radio frequency

SEDD Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate

STTW sense-through-the-wall

USB universal serial bus

WSMR White Sands Missile Range

33

1 DEFENSE TECHNICAL

(PDF) INFORMATION CTR

DTIC OCA

2 DIRECTOR

(PDF) US ARMY RESEARCH LAB

RDRL CIO LL

IMAL HRA MAIL & RECORDS MGMT

1 GOVT PRINTG OFC

(PDF) A MALHOTRA

6 DIRECTOR

(PDFS) US ARMY RESEARCH LAB

1 RDRL SER E

HC C LY (1 HC, 1 PDF)

KWOK TOM,

DERWIN WASHINGTON

RDRL SER U

TRAIAN DOGARU

KENNETH RANNEY

RDRL SER M

JERRY SILVIOUS

1 I2WD CERDEC

PDF SEAN BRODERICK

2 ATEC

PDFS PAUL BROWN

MIKE WILLIAMS

34

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