White Pine Blister Rust Research at the Institute of...
Transcript of White Pine Blister Rust Research at the Institute of...
White Pine Blister Rust Research at the Institute of Forest Genetics
after MGRAnnette Delfino Mix, Detlev Vogler
Screening for MGR
MGR Screening R-5 Placerville Nursery
•Screening process
developed
• Transferred to R‐5
Nursery 1986
Plug and Play Species
•Western white Pine•South western white
pine
Rocky Mt. Bristle coneP. aristata
Great Basin Bristle coneP. longaeva•Limited experience
at 1 year they are
too small to survive
inoculation.•Grow for two years
before Inoculation•No MGR
Not Plug and Play Species
•Kept for a year in family groups •Toss susceptible at pycnia•Sorted by bug, no bugs
Tree No. Inoc 1-05 Susc Ex. 1-05
Inactive Rust, No bugs kept % Kept 06
76 29 26 15 58%79 25 21 12 57%82 28 27 8 30%459 28 11 0 0%460 25 20 1 5%487 24 21 0 0%567 30 29 11 38%568 30 29 16 55%569 18 17 8 47%571 27 27 0 0%790 28 28 19 68%791 30 17 7 41%881 30 24 0 0%998 18 16 6 38%999 27 10 6 60%
Tree No. Inoc 1-05 Susc Ex. 1-05
Inactive Rust, No bugs kept % Kept 06 2005 %MGR
76 29 26 15 58% 3%79 25 21 12 57% 16%82 28 27 8 30% 4%459 28 11 0 0% 0%460 25 20 1 5% 0%487 24 21 0 0% 0%567 30 29 11 38% 0%568 30 29 16 55% 0%569 18 17 8 47% 0%571 27 27 0 0% 0%790 28 28 19 68% 0%791 30 17 7 41% 24%881 30 24 0 0% 0%998 18 16 6 38% 0%999 27 10 6 60% 40%
Tree No. Inoc 1-05Suscpt. Ex. 1-05
Inactive Rust, No bugs kept
Ex. 1-05 % Suscpt.
Inactive rust 06
Ex. 2-07% Suscpt.
inactive rust 08
76 29 26 15 58% 74%79 25 21 12 57% 55%82 28 27 8 30% 50%459 28 11 0 0% -460 25 20 1 5% -487 24 21 0 0% -567 30 29 11 38% 32%568 30 29 16 55% 40%569 18 17 8 47% 50%571 27 27 0 0% 0%790 28 28 19 68% 13%791 30 17 7 41% 25%881 30 24 0 0% -998 18 16 6 38% 69%999 27 10 6 60% 25%
•3 years after
inoculation a number of
the infected trees are
still living
P. aristata, and P. longaeva
Limber
Foxtail
White Bark
High Elevation Pines
•Inoculated White Bark,
Foxtail, and Limber last year•No MGR•Not plug and play
CGR, Complex Gene Resistance
•1 year after positive
rust, surviving •No MGR•CGR
White Bark Limber
Foxtail
•No survivors•SWWP with CGR from Sacramento
Mountains•Not seen in other population of
SWWP
Foxtail•Theory of population proximity to
Pinyon and Pinyon rustCronartium occidentale•All but one of the families are from
the Northern population
•CGR has not been seen in Sugar
pine •Was it there and we just didn’t
see it? •We didn’t know to look for it but
I don’t think it was there•Decades of inoculating SP,
1,000’s looked at•Sort by Susceptible and Resistant•When tossed the susceptible
racks, I was tossing racks full of
dead or pycnia seedlings•Unlike the SWWP, nothing out of
the ordinary
What about Sugar pine?
•It’s not common for Sugar pine and Pinyon to
grow in close proximity •2010 collection of sugar pine in close range
of Pinyon• Will we see CGR in this SP population.
CGR in Sugar Pine
Ex. 7-07 Needle score, Type of spots, present in stem
Score Date 6 /2010
Participants: ADM, DRV, PM
Presence of ndl. infect.
Needle Score Status Spot count Spot color
Needle cast Stem infec. Lesion location Bugs
0= No WPBR F=fleck 1= alive 0=0 R=red 0=No cast 0=None 6=lesion 0=None 0=no bugs
1= 1-5 Y=susc. 2= dead 1=1-5 W=yellow1=purple needle cast
1=discolore d
7= aborted lesion 1= cot. 1=adelgid
2= 5-10 ?=unk.3= dead rust 2=5-10 B= >1
2=brown needle cast 2=swelling 2= mid. 2=scale
3= 10-20 3=10-20 P=purple
3=both color needle cast 3=both 3=top 3=both
4=20+ 4=20+ - =None 4=pycnia 4= two areas5=aecia 5= whole tree
6/2010
Family TreeRust
presence Spots count Spots Needle Stem Lesion
no. no. 9-NovNeedle score Status 1o 2o Color Cast infec. Location Bug comment
55 2 2 y 1 1 0 w 1 2 255 3 1 y 1 0 0 0 4 255 4 3 y 1 0 0 2 1 055 5 3 y 1 3 0 w 2 4 055 6 3 y 1 3 0 w 1 4 055 7 4 y 1 4 0 w 2 4 055 8 4 y 1 4 0 w 1 2 0
•We know that older trees have a greater ability to “tolerate “ WPBR•We’re not looking at tolerance here, we’re seeing resistance•Mechanism of MGR is collapsing the infected needle cells•Indications are that CGR works the same by collapsing infected cells •A small tree heavily infected in a sense will kill itself in the
process of saving
itself•Will we pick up more CGR in older trees Inoculated with secondary needles?•Enough mass to be able to survive the process of killing infected tissue , but
enough mass to survive
High Elevation Pines Secondary needles Inoculation
Ex. 2-07 SWWP CGR
Ex. 1-05 SWWP - CGR, Today 2010
SWWP Susceptible Five Years After Infection
The next Step, Histology
Thank You
Collaborators:
Co-IP:Tricia Maloney
Field Crew:Tom BurtCamille JensenPete Taylor
USDA, FS, PSW, Institute of Forest Genetics
BLM, SNPLMA, Southern NV Public Land Mgmt. Act