Which of the following is not an example of biotechnology research?A.Environmental contaminantsB.Removing food allergiesC.Developing more effective types of insulinD.Analyzing the composition of planets

is the use of living systems and organisms to make useful products.

Examples of biotechnology:

1. Making antibiotics in large quantities.

A penicillin factory in Europe.

2. Making other medications, such as insulin (for diabetes).

Insulin was extracted from pigs until the

1980s.

Today, human insulin producing DNA is placed into a bacteria that create exact copies of human insulin.

3. Catching criminals. Like your fingerprints, your DNA is unique, and so people can be identified by their DNA.

This woman is collecting DNA evidence from blood at a fake crime scene.

Genetic modification or genetic engineering – use of biotechnology techniques to insert a gene from one organism into another.

Example, GM cotton has a gene from a naturally occurring soil bacterium to provide it with insect resistance.

WARNING: It doesn't always work

Another example of Genetic Engineering

These bananas have been genetically modified to produce vaccines.

Click Me

Bioremediation - form of biotechnology that does not change an organism’s genes. Instead, it uses existing kinds of bacteria to clean up the environment.

Genetic engineers have used certain kinds of bacteria to eat oil.

Some radioactive materials can be eaten by certain bacteria.

Cloning - a process by which identical copies of an organism are made. The copy, or clone, possesses exactly the same genetic material as the original organism. Some kinds of plants can be cloned just by cutting off a piece and planting it. Cloning can also bring extinct animals back into existence.

Woolly Mammoth went extinct 23,000 years ago

A woolly mammoth was pulled out of ice in 1999 in Siberia.

Meet me

Another one was found in 2014

Hi! I'm Buttercup. Buttercup’s teeth

Dolly, the sheep, was the first cloned mammal. Lived 1996-2003.

8. Not everyone agrees with advances in biotechnology, especially GMO in foods.

Many feel DNA alteration is unnatural.

GMO controversy

Biotechnology in North CarolinaRaleigh-based North Carolina Biotechnology Center has an office on AB Tech campus in Candler. NC is one of the top states in biotechnology and a leader in cancer research and treatment. New "designer" enzymes are used to manufacture bioethanol, a non-polluting fuel made from plant material that can be used in place of gasoline.

In NC, biotechnology industry employs more than 58,000 NC residents.

Careers in biotechnology• Scientist• Laboratory Technician• Engineers• Process Technicians• Maintenance and Instrumentation

Technicians• Corporate Scientific Professionals

• For a detailed description of each click here

LAB:Protein Identification through Immunoassay1. Based on the results of your immunoassay, from what

animal source was the unknown serum?

HUMAN.2. Distinguish between antibodies and antigens.

ANTIBODIES ARE PROTEINS PRODUCED BY THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. THEY ATTACH TO FOREIGN MATERIAL, HELPING THE BODY TO NEUTRALIZE AND REMOVE THE FOREIGN MATERIAL. ANTIGENS ARE GENERALLY FOREIGN MATERIALS THAT CAUSE THE BODY TO PRODUCE ANTIBODIES. ANTIGENS USUALLY ARE COMPOSED OF PROTEIN. OFTEN COMPLEX ORGANIC MOLECULES SUCH AS CARBOHYDRATE, LIPID OR NECLEIC ACID ARE ANTIGENIC.

LAB CONT.3. Describe the principles of immunological

testing.IN IMMUNOLOGICAL TESTING, A RESEARCHER

USES AN ANTIBODY AGAINST A KNOWN ANTIGEN TO LOOK FOR THE PRESENCE OF THE ANTIGEN. THE ANTIBODIES ARE MIXED WITH THE SAMPLES TO SEE WHETHER THE SAMPLE HAS ANY OF THE ANTIGEN. IF THE ANTIGEN IS PRESENT, IT WILL BIND TO THE ANTIBODIES. THE BOUND ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES THEN FALL OUT OF SOLUTION, FORMING A WHITE CLUMP. (PRECIPITATE) THE WHITE CLUMP IS A SIGN THAT THE PARTICULAR ANTIGEN IS PRESENT.

LAB CONT.4. Explain how immunological tests can lead

to false positive or false negative results?IF THE ANTIBODY BINDS TO THE WRONG

ANTIGEN, IT WILL GIVE A FALSE POSITIVE. THIS HAPPENS IF THE WRONG MATERIAL IS SIMILAR TO THE ANTIGEN. A FALSE NEGATIVE OCCURS IF SOMETHING HAPPENS TO THE ANTIBODY AND ANTIGEN THAT PREVENTS THE TWO FROM BINDING.

LAB CONT.5. Describe three ways immunological

testing is used in biotechnology.IMMUNOLOGICAL TESTING CAN BE USED IN

MEDICINE TO LOOK FOR HORMONES IN URINE OR BLOOD, BY POLICE TO IDENTIFY SAMPLES OF BLOOD, IN AGRICULTURAL SITUATIONS TO DETECT TRANGENEIC PLANTS, AND BY ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCIES TO DETECT POLLUNTANTS IN WATER AND SOIL.